Radar Cross Section of Ships

A laboratory method to determine the magnitude and position of radar reflection sources on complex targets is described. In addition the method provides a way to measure the modification of the radar cross section (RCS) due to multipath. The method has application in modeling RCS for radar and electronic countermeasure (ECM) system performance analysis and in the study of the extent to which the signature of the target could be altered. The equipment described, termed MACROSCOPE, was developed for RCS studies by the U.S. Army and is described in limited distribution bution literature. The application to marine targets is new with this paper, as is the technique of measuring the RCS of parts of the target and analytically combining them to represent the whole. An illustration of the need for this type of laboratory equipment was illustrated by the extensive search for full scale data which could be compared to scale model data to validate the technique.     

Satellite data collection & forwarding systems

A possible classification of satellites can be related to their capability to provide or not provide real-time services. Nonreal-time systems store the information, and forward it to destination later, usually by means of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. Nowadays the main application of these systems is small data exchange to/from remote sites where no other communication infrastructure is available, hence, covering a niche market. Low on-board memory storage capability and, moreover, low bit rate due to little bandwidth allocated for these systems do not allow us to collect and forward a considerable volume of data in the short visibility window of the satellite passage. New applications and services can be conceived through the deployment of new systems able to overcome the above-described limitations, while existing applications can be provided more cost-effectively. These aspects are addressed together with an experimental interactive system which allows huge data collection in W-band and for forwarding to the Internet.     

一种新的分区重叠洞点搜索方法—感染免疫法

本文分析了分区重叠计算中洞点搜索的传统模式及春应用上的缺陷，针对凹形重叠区难以精确寻点的问题，提出了一种新的洞点搜索方法：感染免疫法。文中给出了二维和三维情况下的搜索算例作为验证，实际应用表明，方法无论是寻点能力还是在通用性方面都优越于传统模式。     

用于光传操纵系统的超高速实时光纤网络研究

综合星型及环形拓扑结构的优点,提出一种用于光传操纵系统的超高速实时光纤网络设计方案。所给出的余度设计及分布式共享内存策略增强了整个光传系统的可靠性及容错性能。应用动态数据分组技术既提高了小数据量的传输效率,又提高了大数据量突发传输时的吞吐量。实际性能测试及地面物理飞行仿真验证表明,系统数据传输速率可达2.12Gbps,具有很强的实时性及信息传输确定性,适应了机载环境下光传飞行控制及航空电子系统不断发展的需求。     

鲁棒的结构网格自动化重叠方法

网格技术是目前数值模拟中的关键技术之一。重叠网格是一种放宽拓扑要求、减小网格生成难度的网格技术。本文以结构重叠网格为基础,分别针对挖洞、寻点以及洞面优化方法进行了研究和改进,同时完成物面网格重叠,形成了一套鲁棒的、自动化的网格重叠系统。在挖洞方面,结合“最小洞映射”方法,提出“复合式挖洞”方法,节省内存开销;在寻点方面,通过构建格心虚网格,保证搜索空间的连续性,同时结合“有效搜索”思想,排除部分对寻点无贡献的网格点,进而减少ADT叉树节点;在洞面优化上,改变填补判别法则并引入两类受保护洞内点,确保两层插值边界建立,提高鲁棒性;在物面网格重叠上,利用物面投影法完成坐标修正,实现物面附近网格流动变量的准确传递。为验证本文方法,分别对定常翼身组合体DLR-F6绕流和非定常机翼挂载分离过程进行了数值模拟,计算结果与实验结果吻合良好,表明该结构重叠网格系统对多物体间定常、非定常扰流具有较好的数值模拟能力和较高的模拟精度,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

图形交互设计的核心技术在航空部门的工程应用

综述了IBM计算机图形交互设计的核心支持软件——CGI的主要用户功能与在航空部门的工程应用。CGI支持开发的CAD系统已成功地应用于几种飞机型号设计,在工程分析软件的开发与移植中也发挥重要作用。工程应用表明,CGI是一种功能全面的高级图形用户接口,是IBM机开发CAD/CAE/CAM应用系统的基础手段之一。     

基于层次存储结构的权能查找机制

与传统系统相比,基于权能的系统可以在不完全信任程序的情况下安全地运行程序。从权能的概念入手,论述了权能的基本工作原理。针对现有顺序权能查找机制在查找效率方面的不足,设计出一种基于层次存储结构的权能查找机制,可提高安全系统的权能查找速度,进而提高整个系统的运行效率。     

The US army IETM one year later

SAIC and the US Army have created a new approach to diagnostic testing that is both economical to develop and capable of tackling real world trouble shooting problems. This technology resulted in the development of a set of Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals (IETMs) for a new breed of heavy trucks also developed by the Army. The original concept was first presented in the 1993 Proceedings of AutoTestCon when the IETMs were still under development and the architecture was fluid. This paper is a follow up on the completion of the project. It analyzes the effectiveness of the various multimedia techniques used in the IETM such as sound, video clips, text to speech translation, hyper-text and hyper-procedures. It also presents a series of metrics collected on the IETMs such as mass storage space requirements, authoring problems encountered and other lessons learned about developing IETMs     

大型筒段构件自动铺带成型技术

在研究自动铺带成型技术的基础上,提出了一种用于复合材料筒段构件自动铺带成型轨迹规划的设计方案。根据自动铺带成型系统的独有特点,提出专用于自动铺带成型系统的数控(NC)代码约定。在研究自动铺带成型CAD/CAM技术的基础上,开发针对大型筒段复合材料构件的专用CAD/CAM软件,并在自主开发的自动铺带成型设备上进行铺带成型实验验证。经实验验证,此自动铺带机专用CAD/CAM软件的开发相当成功,满足了大型复合材料筒段构件的实际生产需求。     

Advances in non-linear apodization

Selected new methods and applications of non-linear apodization for irregularly-shaped and parse coherent apertures and arrays are presented. The benefits include unproved impulse response performance, i.e., reduced peak sidelobes and integrated sidelobe power, along with improved mainlobe resolution, compared to classic windowing techniques. Nonlinear apodization (NLA) techniques can also serve as powerful engines for effective superresolution and bandwidth extrapolation of coherent data for filling sparse apertures. The sparse aperture filling property of superresolution algorithms for radar data forms the basis for a new concept which is introduced here: synthetic multiple aperture radar technology (SMART). Increased swath and/or reduced antenna size are some of the benefits postulated for SMART applied to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. The benefits of these new methods and applications for nonlinear apodization are then demonstrated for two specific applications: 1) sidelobe control for Y-type synthetic aperture radiometers, such as the European Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) system (Kerr et al.) and JPL's proposed GeoSTAR (Lambrigsten) concept; and, 2) filling of sparse synthetic aperture radar data by exploiting the bandwidth extrapolation properties of nonlinear apodization based superresolution techniques. The methods that have been developed and demonstrated herein have potential application to a wide range of passive and active microwave remote sensing and radar systems.     

Recursive temporal-spatial information fusion with applications totarget identification

Centralized/distributed recursive algorithms for temporal-spatial information integration using the Dempster-Shafer technique are developed. Compared with the Bayesian approach, the Dempster-Shafer technique has the strong capability of handling information uncertainties, which are particularly desirable in many applications. In the centralized integration algorithm, all information is pooled into the central processor and integrated. In contrast, the distributed integration algorithm shares the computational burden among the local processors, which increases the computational efficiency. The developed algorithms are effectively applied to a target identification problem with three sensors: identification of friend-foe-neutral (IFFN), electronic support measurement (ESM), and infrared search and track (IRST)     

Vehicular Positioning System

There is a US Army vehicular positioning program under way called MAFIS (Mobile Automated Field Instrumentation System). Though its use is intended for full scale battlefield operational testing of mobile ground units and aircraft systems, the implications for extending this technology toward commercial aplications are the thrust of this paper.     

Next generation GPS-aided space navigation systems

The next generation of low cost Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers for space navigation and attitude determination are positioned to take full advantage of the improvements made in the commercial GPS receivers used for terrestrial applications. There have been recent improvements made to the GPS receivers that include the addition of extra GPS satellite channels that can be tracked simultaneously. The older style GPS receivers were only able to handle five channels at a time. In order for proper determination of three-dimensional position, a minimum of four channels was required and the fifth channel of the receiver was reserved to perform search functions for finding the next satellite. This included searching for satellites that could be used to replace exiting satellites moving out of the Field of View (FOV). The search function also enables the GPS receiver to search for the best constellation for maximum performance accuracy. The fifth roaming channel also provided a best next-satellite selection capability in case the field of view to one of the satellites was blocked or shaded.     

典型直升机完整性维持关键技术需求分析研究

典型直升机是实施立体突击作战的重要力量，在火力支援、立体补给、综合勤务保障等方面发挥着重要作用。针对其构造形式和作战使用要求，直升机在低空超低空低速执行任务时，使用场景中面临低空和地面的多种威胁，致使其服役环境和作战环境更加恶劣。本文通过分析直升机在作战中面临的威胁特点，阐述在直升机设计和使用维护过程中，综合防护能力、环境适应能力、战伤抢修能力对直升机作战完整性的影响，通过合理设计机体结构，提升生存能力，提升海上、高原、沙尘等环境适应能力，建立完备的战伤抢修能力来保证直升机使用的完整性，满足使用需求。     

航空发动机试验数据采集分析系统设计与实现

实现航空发动机试验数据的高速采集与高效分析,对提高航空发动机试验效率和技术水平有着非常重要的意义。在分析原系统的不足的基础上,设计与开发了新型航空发动机试验数据采集分析系统,实现了全参数高速记录和稳态数据的自动生成等功能,并利用数据库技术对试验数据进行了高效管理。     

基于网络的检测数据处理系统的开发与应用

在改造检测设备基础上开发了基于网络的检测数据处理系统,并将此系统应用到产品零部件几何量检测中。应用效果表明该系统适应企业发展需求,具有广泛的推广前景和应用价值。     

成都飞机工业公司的CIMSCAD／CAM集成系统的设计与开发

介绍了成都飞机工业公司的ＣＩＭＳＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ集成系统的设计和开发,论证了实现ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ集成的数据转换接口、加工特征定义、ＣＡＰＰ、工程数据库等关键技术的开发和应用。     

并行工程环境下基于约束的叶盘结构建模与分析

在网络工作站的集成化软件平台ＵＧ上,利用复合特征建模技术对复杂零组件的实体造型能力及其特征与ＳＴＥＰ标准定义实体的对应关系,完成了支持并行工程的航空发动机整体叶盘建模系统。针对航发零组件设计跨多学科的特点,建造了约束管理系统,以约束网络和规则库形式协调多功能小组的活动,保证在建模阶段即可避免后续研制中的问题。实现了ＵＧ和分析平台ＰＡＴＲＡＮ的模型传递,并以某型涡扇的整体叶盘为实例,进行了有限元静强度及振动分析。这项工作为并行工程在航发产品中的应用提供了支持工具。     

Low-cost technology for multimode radar

A flexible test bed radar architecture is described which includes an integrated RF electronics package that can support multiple radar applications, including surveillance, fire control, target acquisition, and tracking. This type of architecture can significantly reduce the cost, power, size, and weight of electronics on future weapon delivery platforms. The Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is developing technology to support multimode radar requirements. These requirements include the detection and location of moving or stationary low radar cross section targets in heavy ground clutter and the classification and/or recognition of these targets. We address these requirements with commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) products and the integration of several enabling technologies. The test bed radar includes a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) for frequency-diverse waveform generation, a flexible wideband transceiver for bandwidth extension and frequency translation, and an open architecture signal processor with embedded wideband analog-to-digital converters for real-time acquisition and processing. Efficient signal processing algorithms have been developed to demonstrate multimode radar capability. This paper discusses the various subassemblies, algorithm efficiency, and field experiment results