共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
杨维廉 《中国空间科学技术》1988,8(3)
一类地球观测卫星要求在特定的区域其高度变化最小,以便星上遥感器能始终处于最佳的距离范围内工作,这样就可以得到清晰的、比例尺基本不变的遥感图片。本文推导了这种最小高度变化轨道的条件,并给出了相应的参数。 相似文献
2.
朱仁璋 《中国空间科学技术》1991,11(6):32-36,10
航天技术的发展使空间站作为行星际飞行器的发射基地成为可能。充分利用双曲线剩余速度,使空间飞行器在从空间站起飞、离开空间站轨道后能直接进入飞向其它行星的转移轨道,从能量观点来看,是十分有利的。文章给出这种可能性的约束条件。 相似文献
3.
自1957年人类发射了第1颗人造地球卫星以来,世界各国共发射了大约5000多个航天器。在发射和运行过程中,航天器因被遗弃、破损、碰撞和爆炸而生成了大量的空间碎片,这些空间碎片严重威胁着在轨运行的航天器的安全。尤其是“国际空间站”,由于在轨运行时间长,遭受碎片碰撞的概率就更大。 相似文献
4.
针对倾斜轨道小卫星必然会面对的光学姿态敏感器受阳光干扰的问题,分析太阳高度角的变化规律,提出了计算太阳高度角的经验公式,并在此基础上提出了平台偏航姿态机动方案,可以使光学姿态敏感器规避阳光干扰,并可以简化整星热控和帆板驱动设计,提高了整星的可靠性. 相似文献
5.
欧空局是国际空间站的主要合作伙伴之一。早在１９８５年１月，自由号空间站方案论证之初，欧空局部长级（罗马）会议就通过决议，在自由号空间站上对接一个名为“哥伦布”的欧洲实验舱，并为此投资开展方案设计工作。随着自由号技术方案的不断变化，“哥伦布”舱的技术方案也几经修改。然而，世事沧桑。冷战结束后，自由号空间站合作集团中的“大哥大”美国，在基本上没有征求欧空局意见的情况下，就把原计划演变为以美、俄两家联合牵头的阿尔法号国际空间站计划。在新的形势下，欧空局对是否继续参加国际空同站活动，如果参加则以何种方式… 相似文献
6.
一、主要性能参数与组成经过一年多来对构型的全面重新设计和因俄罗斯加盟带来的频繁磋商,国际空间站的布局和接口作了重大调整,其研制成本可比原计划减少７０亿美元,进度则推迟了３年。不过为自由号空间站前１０年所完成的大量预研攻关工作没有白费,有７５％的硬件可以继续在改名的阿尔法号国际空间站上使用。阿尔法号国际空间站最终设计方案的主要参数和组成请见表１。国际空间站组成如下：１．有６个实验舱它包括１个美国实验舱;１个欧空局附加实验舱（ＡＰＭ）;１个日本实验舱（ＪＥＭ）,该舱除提供国际标准有效载荷机柜外,还有… 相似文献
8.
王希季 《中国空间科学技术》1991,11(2):35-38
空间站与其它航天器相比,有很多优越性。文内详细地阐述了空间站的四大特征:①先入轨后上人,既提高了安全保障,又简化了研制过程;②具有自主补给消耗品、检修和更换设备的能力;③具有长期航天的素质;④具有可变更和可扩大其功能的性质。这些特征及其优越性,充分体现了空间站在未来载人航天活动中的地位和作用。 相似文献
9.
范剑峰 《中国空间科学技术》1987,7(3):36
自1961年世界上第一名航天员上天以来,载人航天技术有了飞速的发展。载人航天器已由初期的小型载人飞船,发展到大型空间站和航天飞机。空间站的诞生,特别是永久性空间站的建立,将会引起人类社会的众多方面发生重大而深刻的变化。本文首先就过去十多年中美国、苏联和欧洲发射的空间站作一简略概括,然后对空间站的构型,用途和未来发展等进行论述。 相似文献
11.
12.
Estrella Olmedo Noelia Sánchez-Ortiz Nuria Guijarro Jaime Nomen Holger Krag 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
In the framework of a potential European Space Situational Awareness System (ESSAS), we propose some optical strategies such that try to minimize the requirement of tracking measurements for the orbit determination computation when the catalogue is under construction. We will analyse them in terms of coverage, timeliness and orbit determination accuracy by means of the AS4 simulator (developed by Deimos Space S.L.U.). Moreover, observation campaigns have been performed from La Sagra Observatory in order to check the applicability of those strategies. These strategies are used for defining different choices for the future European Optical Space Surveillance System in the framework of the ESA contract no. 22738/09/D/HK. 相似文献
13.
14.
Michael D. Schneider 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
We describe a Bayesian sampling model for linking and constraining orbit models from angular observations of “streaks” in optical telescope images. Our algorithm is particularly suited to situations where the observation times are small fractions of the orbital periods of the observed objects or when there is significant confusion of objects in the observation field. We use Markov Chain Monte Carlo to sample from the joint posterior distribution of the parameters of multiple orbit models (up to the number of observed tracks) and parameters describing which tracks are linked with which orbit models. Using this algorithm, we forecast the constraints on geosynchronous (GEO) debris orbits achievable with the planned Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). Because of the short 15 s exposure times, preliminary orbit determinations of GEO objects from LSST will have large and degenerate errors on the orbital elements. Combined with the expected crowded fields of GEO debris it will be challenging to reliably link orbital tracks in LSST observations given the currently planned observing cadence. 相似文献
15.
Creon Levit William Marshall 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
The density of orbital space debris constitutes an increasing environmental challenge. There are two ways to alleviate the problem: debris mitigation and debris removal. This paper addresses collision avoidance, a key aspect of debris mitigation. We describe a method that contributes to achieving a requisite increase in orbit prediction accuracy for objects in the publicly available two-line element (TLE) catalog. Batch least-squares differential correction is applied to the TLEs. Using a high-precision numerical propagator, we fit an orbit to state vectors derived from successive TLEs. We then propagate the fitted orbit further forward in time. These predictions are validated against precision ephemeris data derived from the international laser ranging service (ILRS) for several satellites, including objects in the congested sun-synchronous orbital region. The method leads to a predicted range error that increases at a typical rate of 100 m per day, approximately a 10-fold improvement over individual TLE’s propagated with their associated analytic propagator (SGP4). Corresponding improvements for debris trajectories could potentially provide conjunction analysis sufficiently accurate for an operationally viable collision avoidance system based on TLEs only. 相似文献
16.
Yutaka Kodama Masahiro Furumoto Yasuhiro Yoshimura Koki Fujita Toshiya Hanada 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(1):394-403
Even sub-millimeter-size debris could cause a fatal damage on a spacecraft. Such tiny debris cannot be followed up or tracked from the ground. Therefore, Kyushu University has initiated IDEA the project for In-situ Debris Environmental Awareness, which conducts in-situ measurements of sub-millimeter-size debris. One of the objectives is to estimate the location of on-orbit satellite fragmentations from in-situ measurements. The previous studies revealed that it is important to find out the right nodal precession rate to estimate the orbital parameters of a broken-up object properly. Therefore, this study derives a constraint equation that applies to the nodal precession rate of the broken-up object. This study also establishes an effective procedure to estimate properly the orbital parameters of a broken-up object with the constraint equation. 相似文献
17.