The dive and ascent satellite program for lower ionosphere research

Lower ionosphere is a transition region from outer-space to low atmosphere and had been unexplored on a continuous basis before Atmosphere Explorer satellites flew in the region. Purpose of a new aeronomy satellite, DAS (Dive and Ascent Satellite) having a capability to control orbits and flying at the very low perigee altitude less than 130 km is to explore the bottomside of ionosphere spreading over between 100 and 300 km altitudes. Preliminary study on the new aeronomy satellite is conducted at National Aerospace Laboratory in cooperation with Radio Research Laboratories and Meteorological Research Institute.This paper reviews the mission design, orbit decay and transfer analysis, typical orbit profile, aerodynamic characteristics and satellite configuration study, aerodynamic heating and thermal control analysis, attitude control analysis, on-board propulsion and power subsystems, and operation analysis with emphasis on their technical feasibility.     

高超声速乘波体飞行器机身/发动机一体化关键技术研究

飞行器在高空中作长时间巡航飞行时,对升阻比提出了极高要求,而高超声速乘波飞行器因其具有高升阻比、均匀的下表面流场以及高度一体化性能得到研究者重视,成为未来空间飞行器新的研究热点.简要介绍了高超声速秉波体飞行器机身/发动机一体化国内外研究进展,着重阐述了其关键技术及其研究,主要包括前体/进气道一体化技术、燃烧室构型优化技术和尾喷管/后体一体化技术,并对未来高超声速秉波体飞行器构型的进一步发展提出了设想--采用流线追踪思想,以Busemann进气道和圆形或椭圆形燃烧室作为其推进系统的两大重要组成部分,同时其机身具有膨胀上表面.     

Microgravity research results and experiences from the NASA/MIR space station program

The Microgravity Research Program (MRP) participated aggressively in Phase 1 of the International Space Station Program using the Russian Mir Space Station. The Mir Station offered an otherwise unavailable opportunity to explore the advantages and challenges of long duration microgravity space research. Payloads with both National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) and commercial backing were included as well as cooperative research with the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). From this experience, much was learned about long-duration on-orbit science utilization and developing new working relationships with our Russian partner to promote efficient planning, operations, and integration to solve complexities associated with a multiple partner program.

This paper focuses on the microgravity research conducted onboard the Mir space station. It includes the Program preparation and planning necessary to support this type of cross increment research experience; the payloads which were flown; and summaries of significant microgravity science findings.     

French research program on the physiological problems caused by weightlessness. Use of the primate model

The need to acquire a better knowledge of the main biological problems induced by microgravity implies--in addition to human experimentation--the use of animal models, and primates seem to be particularly well adapted to this type of research. The major areas of investigation to be considered are the phospho-calcium metabolism and the metabolism of supporting tissues, the hydroelectrolytic metabolism, the cardiovascular function, awakeness, sleep-awakeness cycles, the physiology of equilibrium and the pathophysiology of space sickness. Considering this program, the Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches de Medecine Aerospatiale, under the sponsorship of the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, developed both a program of research on restrained primates for the French-U.S. space cooperation (Spacelab program) and for the French-Soviet space cooperation (Bio-cosmos program), and simulation of the effects of microgravity by head-down bedrest. Its major characteristics are discussed in the study.     

精确跟踪空间系统发展概况及对抗措施分析

美国导弹防御局将精确跟踪空间系统(PTSS)计划视为未来10年国土和地区防御中最大的提高,PTSS将提供来袭弹道导弹整个飞行弹道的火控跟踪数据,可直接引导武器系统发射拦截导弹,显著扩大了拦截弹的防御作战范围。在深入分析PTSS系统发展概况、功能特性的基础上,围绕BM突防需求,探讨了针对PTSS跟踪相机的对抗技术措施。     

The NASA astrobiology program

The new discipline of astrobiology addresses fundamental questions about life in the universe: "Where did we come from?" "Are we alone in the universe?" "What is our future beyond the Earth?" Developing capabilities in biotechnology, informatics, and space exploration provide new tools to address these old questions. The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has encouraged this new discipline by organizing workshops and technical meetings, establishing a NASA Astrobiology Institute, providing research funds to individual investigators, ensuring that astrobiology goals are incorporated in NASA flight missions, and initiating a program of public outreach and education. Much of the initial effort by NASA and the research community was focused on determining the technical content of astrobiology. This paper discusses the initial answer to the question "What is astrobiology?" as described in the NASA Astrobiology Roadmap.     

提高铸铝合金洁净度的理论及工艺研究

从机理上对浮游精炼法进行了理论分析,认为增加熔剂量可以提高除气效果,但过量的熔剂又可能会给铝液带来二次反应夹杂;[H]含量达到平衡浓度前,增加除气时间可以提高除气效果;随着静置时间的延长,[H]含量有一个先减少后增大的趋势。采用旋转吹气一熔剂法净化铝液,以净化后铝液的[H]含量为考察目标,按照均匀理论设计了净化参数的多因子实验。对实验结果进行逐步回归和线性回归分析,确定了旋转吹气一熔剂法工艺规范：精炼剂加入量0．2％;除气时间10min;静置时间15min。     

Economic benefits of the OTV program

A new upper stage for the Shuttle called Orbiter Transfer Vehicle (OTV) is planned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for a broad range of missions including transfer of very large spacecraft, unmanned and manned servicing at Geosynchronous orbit (GEO). Leading OTV configurations use 13 to 34 tonnes of cryogenic propellants in vehicles based on the existing Centaur or new designs. These OTVs can deliver to Geosynchronous orbit more than double the payload possible with the solid propellant Intertial Upper Stage (IUS), which is currently being developed. This high performance reduces the number of shuttle launches required to deliver a given total mass of payloads. After delivery of current size spacecraft, OTV could be returned to the Orbiter for reuse, saving the cost of building a new stage. OTV performance and flexibility will create the opportunity for the next generation of spacecraft such as Geostationary Platform. In these three ways, the high-performance OTV will provide economic benefits to Space Transportation Systems.     

Decision program on asteroid threat mitigation

The Association of Space Explorers Committee on Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) and its Panel on Asteroid Threat Mitigation have prepared a decision program to aid the international community in organizing a coordinated response to asteroid impact threats. The program is described in the ASE's report, Asteroid Threats: A Call for Global Response, which will be considered by the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in its 2009 sessions. The findings and recommendations of this report are presented here as well as some of the major implications of the complex decision-making involved in developing a coordinated international response to the challenge of protecting the Earth from NEO impacts.     

Chinese Scientists Contribute to the AMS program

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) program is regarded as a huge international scientific project following the world-known International Space Station (ISS) project, Human Genome project and     

一种用于信道化接收机的相位差分算法

主要讨论了相位差分法在数字信道化接收机后续精测频中的应用.从最小二乘估计模型入手,提出了加权相位差分法.并根据该算法,对复正弦信号和线性调频信号进行了研究,给出了最小均方误差分析及其数值结果.实验结果证明,相对于传统的相位差分法,该方法具有精度高、计算量小的优点,而且在较高信噪比条件下,能达到Cramer-Rao方差下限.     

Israel's space program as a national asset

This article seeks to illuminate the implications of a small state's entry into the realm of space for its national security by inquiring into the space policy of the State of Israel. Israel's technological infrastructure in space boosts Israel's technological advantage, thereby allowing it to enhance military capabilities, as well as contributing in a number of non-military fields. It increases the quality of human resources, encourages scientific research, fortifies the economy, nurtures civilian and defense industries and ultimately contributes to the building of an advanced, highly developed society. Hence, a strong, state-of-the-art, Israeli space program is highly important to its national security in a wider sense.     

航天器自主运行技术的进展

阐述了航天器自主运行的概念、目标和任务。对自主运行和传统测控方式进行了比较。最后重点介绍了航天器自主运行技术的进展情况。文章分4个部分介绍自主运行技术。首先介绍了2种自主运行体系结构，它们是自主运行各种功能集成的基础。第2部分介绍了2种智能规划与调度技术。第3部分介绍了基于模型的故障诊断与系统重构技术。第4部分介绍了有效载荷数据自主处理的进展情况。最后进行了总结并介绍了与自主运行相关的其他技术。     

SSC microgravity sounding rocket program MASER.

The Swedish Microgravity Sounding Rocket program MASER is presented. Especially the MASER 1 payload is depicted, but also an outlook for the future possibilities within the Short Duration Flight Opportunities is given. Furthermore the coordination and relation with the German TEXUS program is touched upon. With the two TEXUS and MASER programs--possibly together with other fascinating projects like M-ARIES and MG-M-ARIANNE--the microgravity scientific community in Europe should get reasonable amounts of flight opportunities in preparation for the big space venture the European Space Station.     

The new millennium program: Fast-track procurements

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) New Millennium Program (NMP) has embarked on a technology flight-validation demonstration program to enable the kinds of missions that NASA envisions for the 21st century. Embedded in this program is the concept of rapid mission development supported by a fast-track procurement process. This process begins with the decision to initiate a procurement very early in the program along with the formation of a technical acquisition team. A close working relationship among the team members is essential to avoiding delays and developing a clear acquisition plan. The request for proposal (RFP) that is subsequently issued seeks a company with proven capabilities, so that the time allotted for responses from proposers and the length of proposals they submit can be shortened. The fast-track procurement process has been demonstrated during selection of NMP's industrial partners and has been proven to work.