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1.
LI Xiangyang LU Ye MENG Xiangjian WANG Jianlu WANG Reng CHEN Lidong HUA Zile LI Xiaoya SHI Jianlin LIU Jinfeng XU Guisheng WEI Bingbo XIE Wenjun YIN Zhigang ZHANG Xingwang JIANG Hongxiang LI Hong LUO Xinghong ZHANG Haifeng ZHAO Jiuzhou WANG Binbin PAN Mingxiang 《空间科学学报》2018,38(5):829-835
During the China's Tiangong-2 (TG-2) flight mission, the experiments of 18 kinds of material samples were conducted in space by using a Multiple Materials Processing Furnace (MMPF) mounted in the orbital module of the TG-2 space laboratory. After the experiments of 12 kinds of samples of the first and second batches were completed successfully, astronauts packed and brought them back to the ground by ShenzhouⅡ spacecraft. By studying processing and formation on semiconductor and optoelectronics materials, metal alloys and metastable materials, functional single-crystal, micro-and nano-composite materials encapsulated in sample ampoules both in space and on Earth, we expect to explore some physical and chemical processes and mechanism of the materials formation that are normally obscured and therefore are difficult to study quantitatively on the ground due to the gravity-induced convection, to obtain the processing and synthesis technology for preparing high quality materials, and lead to the improvement and development of materials processing techniques on Earth, and also develop the experiment device and comprehensive ability for materials experiment in microgravity environment. This report briefly introduces the main points of each research work and preliminary comparative analysis results of 12 samples carried out by scientists undertaking research task. 相似文献
2.
中国返回式卫星的搭载任务—空间生命科学试验 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
自1987年以来,为充分利用中国返回式卫星的剩余载荷能力,有计划地以搭载形式进行了一系列空间科学和技术试验,取得了较好的效果,文章简要介绍了在空间生命科学试验方面取得的成果。 相似文献
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介绍了我国首次利用返回式卫星搭载,在微重力环境中生长砷化镓单晶实验的基本原理,单晶炉结构和主要结果。 相似文献
4.
中国返回式卫星与空间科学实验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
中国返回式卫星发展至今已有30 多年, 共发射了23 颗返回式卫星. 在多次返回式卫星任务中成功进行了大量的空间科学和技术实验. 本文首先概要介绍了中国返回式卫星的发展情况、技术特点、在返回式卫星上进行的空间科学实验情况; 其次, 介绍了卫星平台对有效载荷可提供的环境条件、服务支持以及载荷设备研制与卫星技术流程之间的匹配关系和接口要求; 最后, 对卫星平台的技术发展趋势与应用前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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叙述了1990年中国返回式卫星采用的微重力测量系统概况、微重力测量数据的处理方法、微重力测量结果与分折。指出:这是国内首次空间微重力水平监测;研制的JS05-1A 微重力测量仪动态精度优于4μg,响应时间6ms,达到了国际同类仪器的先进水平;该仪器为指导优化空间晶体生长的微重力环境及了解卫星工作状况提供了有力手段。通过对该卫星微重力水平监测所获得的73505对数据进行分折,发现有效载荷动作是影响卫星微重力水平的主要因素,为10~(-4)g 量级;有效载荷不动作时,除1.23%的时间存在10~(-4)g量级不明干扰外,有97.6%的时间微重力的绝对值小于4×10~(-5)g,仅O.3%的时间在10~(-4)g 量级。 相似文献
6.
中国返回式卫星的搭载任务—空间材料科学试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1987年以来,为充分利用中国返回式卫星的剩余载荷能力,有计划地以搭载形式进行了一系列空间科学和技术试验,取得了较好的结果。文章简要地介绍在空间材料科学试验方面取得的成果。 相似文献
7.
SJ-10 is a recoverable scientific experiment satellite specially for the space experiments of microgravity physics science and space life science. This mission was officially started on 31 December 2012, and the satellite was launched on 6 April 2016. This paper introduces briefly the SJ-10 mission, the progress of SJ-10 engineering and the project constitution of sciences experiments onboard SJ-10. The purpose of this mission is to discover the law of matter movement and the rule of life activity that cannot be discovered on the ground due to the existence of gravity, and to know the acting mechanism on organisms by the complex radiation of space that cannot be simulated on the ground. 相似文献
8.
用国产装置进行的空间蛋白质结晶实验 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
使用国内研制的管式汽相扩散结晶装置,在我国返回式卫星上,成功地完成了两次空间蛋白质晶体生长实验,10种不同种类的蛋白质配制的48个样品在空间的出晶率分别达52%和80%,其中少数蛋白质生长出了较高质量的蛋白质晶体。结果表明,空间的微重力环境利于改善蛋白质晶体的生长,而且在结晶条件优化足够好的条件下,在空间里能生长出比地面晶体尺寸较大、形态较好和内部有序性较高的蛋白质晶体。本文还就微重力对蛋白质晶体生长的具体作用及其开发利用做了讨论。 相似文献
9.
Orbital experimental researches on crystal growth of Mn-doped GaSb and Bi2Se0.21Te2.79 are briefly summarized. The space experiments were completed in September of 2007 on broad the Foton-M3 satellite of Russia. Ground-based researches on the solidification behaviors of Al-Al3Ni, Al-Al2Cu, Ag-Cu eutectic, Al-Pb monotectic and Cu-Co peritectic alloys in a 50-meter-high drop tube were investigated. New experimental results on the ultrasonic field and the temperature recycling induced to chiral symmetry breaking of NaClO3 crystal also were reported in the present paper. 相似文献
10.
在中国返回式卫星上进行了一台双温区空间晶体生长炉的搭载试验,成功地实现了空间微重力条件下碲镉汞晶体的布里支曼生长,取得了一些有意义的结果。文章介绍了这种晶体炉的设计和空间试验的过程;分析了回收样品的主要测试结果;并对空间材料加工装置的设计和一些相关工艺问题进行了讨论 相似文献
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12.
王希季 《中国空间科学技术》1995,15(6):1-8
返回式航天器从一次性使用向多次重复使用的发展,从技术角度看是合乎逻辑的。从技术和经济分析,中国如果发展载人航天器,则不宜发展航天飞机,应该发展载人飞船。中国发展返回式重复使用的飞船式航天器是适宜的。中国宜于继续发展一次性使用的区域着陆和允许无害受损的返回式卫星,发展返回有效载荷重复使用技术。 相似文献
13.
王希季 《中国空间科学技术》1990,10(6):1-5
按现已发射的航天器统计,返回式航天器占1/3强。它们在开发利用空间资源方面起着先锋和带头的作用,为促进载人航天和促进人类的进步作出重大贡献。文章分析了返回技术和返回式航天器发展的三个阶段:初期发展阶段、深入应用阶段、无损和定点返回阶段。并指出,今后相当的一段时期内无损定点着陆返回将会成为主要的发展途径。 相似文献
14.
Research on materials under microgravity in China began in the 1980s, sparked by Prof. Lanying Lin (academician of CAS), Prof. Xiji Wang (academician of CAS), Prof. Guirong Min (academician of CAS), and Prof. Huabao Lin (academician of CAS), and others. The first semiconductor crystal, first optical crystal, and first alloys were grown in space on board a recoverable satellite in 1987. Since then, microgravity materials science became a new scientific branch in China.Scientific and technical activities on space crystal growth and solidification are carried out through two major programs: ground-based studies and orbital experiments. The main results obtained during 2001-2003 are reported below. 相似文献
15.
李颐黎 《中国空间科学技术》1990,10(6):30-33,43
从一假想的卫星的返回轨道分析出发,论述了返回式卫星回收系统的“过载一时间”控制方案,说明了该方案是无人卫星回收的一种简便的、可行的控制方案。建议对某些卫星采用长的抛罩后的滑行段,以降低开伞马赫数及速压。 相似文献
16.
郑松辉 《中国空间科学技术》1988,8(6):52
本文介绍我国首次利用返回式卫星进行微重力搭载试验和具体实施的办法,以及试验所获得的令人鼓舞的科学成果。同时还提出研制微重力卫星的新设想,为进一步开展空间微重力条件下的科学研究活动,提供新的途径。 相似文献
17.
导出了近地卫星上任意部位微重力水平的表达式,分析和近似估算了利用我国返回式卫星进行首次空间材料加工试验时的微重力水平,表明是在按轨道周期变化的优于1×10~(-5)g_0的准稳态加速度上,迭加了幅度不超过2×10~(-4)g_0的随机加速度脉冲干扰。我国在1987年8月5日发射的返回式卫星上,首次搭载了一台空间晶体生长炉,在空间微重力条件下进行了以砷化镓为主的十项材料加工试验。为了对所得结果进行科学的分析,就必须知道晶体生长期间的微重力水平。本文结合卫星的实际运行参数给予了估算。 相似文献
18.
Experiments in materials science on the ground and in reduced gravity using electrostatic levitators
Paul-Franois Paradis Takehiko Ishikawa Shinichi Yoda 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(12):2118-2125
To counter residual accelerations, dedicated levitators or positioners are necessary to support a host of materials science experiments on the ground and in microgravity. All levitators (e.g., aerodynamic, acoustic, electromagnetic, electrostatic, optical) have their own merits and limitations but the electrostatic scheme offers the combined advantages of processing millimeter-size objects, independent heating, quasi-spherical shape of molten materials, handling of materials under extreme temperatures for hours, virtually convection-free samples, and wide view around the samples for diagnostic. These attributes provide unique research opportunities in materials science on the ground as well as under reduced gravity. In particular, electrostatic levitators are very attractive to measure the physical and structural properties of equilibrium and non-equilibrium liquids, to synthesize multi-function materials, and to understand metastable phase formation, vitrification, and diffusion. In this paper, research and development carried out by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency over the years in the field of electrostatic levitation are summarized and the main results obtained in materials science are presented. 相似文献
19.
欧洲空间局两项材料领域课题MICAST和CETSOL均涉及微重力科学相关研究.通过等轴晶柱状晶转变(CET)分析了微重力环境对材料凝固过程的影响;介绍了一项在地面施加行波电磁场的标准(Benchmark)凝固实验,其温度场演化及微观凝固组织和浓度偏析均展示了磁控受迫对流对金属材料凝固过程的显著作用. 相似文献
20.
本文主要讨论卫星姿态参数误差、轨道参数误差以及地面起伏对国土星卫片几何精度的影响。文中按照比较严格的数学关系,导出了误差计算公式,并给出了典型算例。试验的结果,可作为提出轨道及姿态数据精度要求的依据,也可作为对卫片进行几何处理的基础。 相似文献