固体火箭发动机燃烧室三维流动数值计算

采用k-ε双方程湍流模型,以SIMPLE计算程式求解翼柱型装药固体火箭发动机燃烧室内三维非定常不可压流N-S方程.在建立翼柱型装药简化模型的基础上采用边界标志法来表达燃面推移,采用从二维到三维的初场给定方法结合多重网格法求出了多个时间步的非稳态流场结构.计算结果表明燃烧室内旋涡运动呈现一定的空间与时间分布,周向加质导致燃气通道横断面上轴向速度分布的极不均衡.      

XN－1040轻型汽车后桥壳体三维有限元应力计算

对ＸＮ－１０４０轻型汽车后桥壳体进行三维有限元应力计算，并分析计算结果，得到该型后桥壳体的应力大小，位移大小，应力分布状况，并通过Ａｎｔｏ－ＣＡＤ１１．０构造变形前后的三维线框模型．从而直观的分析后桥壳体的变形．     

NX—104轻型汽车后桥壳体三维有限元应力计算

对ＸＮ－１０４０轻型汽车后桥壳体进行三维有限元应力计算，并分析计算结果，得到该型后桥壳体的应力大小，位移大小，应力分布状况，并通过Ａｕｔｏ－ＣＡＤ１１．０构造变形前后的三维线框模型，从而直观的分析后桥壳体的变形。     

三维抛物化N-S方程全隐格式矢通量分裂求解

采用全隐格式的矢通量分裂算法,在通用曲线坐标系内求解三维无因次抛物化强守恒型N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程.所建立的计算程序,可计算较为复杂边界的三维流场,如求解亚、跨、超音速共存的流场,分区模拟内外流共存流动及其混合剪切尾流.给出了一轴对称亚跨超音速喷管内流场的计算结果,包括计算网格,流矢分布,压力、温度和马赫数等值线分布.也给出了一喷管内外流及其混合尾流的计算结果,包括计算网格,流矢分布,无因次压力、密度和温度等值线分布.     

固体发动机实际成型药柱燃面退移快速算法

针对固体发动机电子计算机断层扫描(CT)图像数据具有伪影噪声的问题，和实际成型药柱燃面粗糙度大、退移计算难度大的问题，提出一种CT数据的快速最小距离函数(CTFMDF)法。固体火箭发动机CT图像中存在伪影噪声，采用非均值滤波(NLM)算法对CT图像进行去噪处理，采用Scharr算子对去伪影后的图像进行Canny边缘检测，提取装药燃面。最大类间方差(OTSU)算法将装药分离，并建立三维装药体数据模型，对燃面数据建立多个并行K-d树，快速检索出装药到燃面的最小距离。实验结果证明：对于不同的装药结构，可以完成任意燃去厚度时的燃面位置，且CT-FMDF法运行时间更短。基于CT实测数据，对于带有初始燃面缺陷的装药，可计算出燃烧时缺陷对燃面的影响。     

非结构三角形网格的一个ENO型有限体积方法

基于双曲型守恒律方程,对非结构三角形网格给出了一种ＥＮＯ（ＥｓｅｎｔｉａｌｙＮｏｎｏｓｃｉｌａｔｏｒｙＳｃｈｅｍｅ）型有限体积格式,方法的主要思想是先对每一个三角形单元构造一个加权的二次插值多项式,而在计算交界面的流通量时采用了两点高斯积分公式以保证格式的整体精度,时间离散采用三阶ＴＶＤＲｕｎｇｅＫｕｔａ方法．最后给出了该格式收敛的数值阶,并对前台阶问题进行了计算     

三维四向编织复合材料弹性性能的有限元预报

在四步法方型三维编织复合材料细观结构单胞模型的基础上,假设纱线具有六边形横截面,应用ANSYS软件,建立了实体有限元模型,该模型表面与预制件表面平行,更加符合三维编织复合材料的实际结构,且有利于力学性能的分析,同时,该模型中还考虑了织物的编织角与内部编织角的几何关系.基于该模型,计算了材料的弹性常数,分析了编织角和纤维体积含量对弹性常数的影响规律.结果表明,数值计算与实验结果吻合较好.此外,还确定了材料内部的应力场分布,为材料的强度预测奠定了基础.      

SIMOX样品导电类型反型的研究

氧离子注入Ｐ型（１００）单晶硅形成ＳＩＭＯＸ样品，经俄歇电子能谱、扩展电阻仪测试，形成了ＳＯＩ结构；经霍尔测试仪测试，制备的ＳＩＭＯＸ样品表层硅膜反型为Ｎ型导电类型，ＳＩＭＯＸ样品的反型是硅中的氧施主所致，由近自由电子的类氦模型计算，氧施主电离能力为０．１５ｅＶ，该值与早期文献报道的实验值一致。     

基于SA湍流模型的DES方法应用

使用基于SA(Spalart-Allmaras)湍流模型的分离涡模拟(DES,Detached-Eddy Simulation)方法,对圆柱绕流和超声速圆柱底部流动等高雷诺数大分离流动进行了数值模拟.无粘通量的计算采用二阶迎风格式,时间推进使用二阶隐式双时间步法.计算表明相对于雷诺平均N-S方程(RANS,Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes)模拟,时空均为二阶精度的DES模拟能够分辨更为精细的分离区三维旋涡结构,对分离区主要湍流结构的捕捉和平均压力分布的预测取得了满意的结果.     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

Concept options for the aerial survey of Titan

Various aerial platforms intended for long endurance survey of the Titan surface are presented. A few novel concepts are introduced, including a heated methane balloon and a balloon with a tethered wind turbine. All the concept options are predicted to have lower scientific payload fractions than the Huygens probe. It is concluded that the selection of the best aerial platform option depends on more accurate mass estimates and a clear decision on whether, or not, in situ surface composition measurements are required in conjunction with aerial remote sensing.     

Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets,meteorites, Titan,and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments

To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

The ESA scientific programme

The ESA scientific programme has, so far, provided several significant astrophysics experiments and further important missions are scheduled for execution during the next decade. These missions are briefly summarised together with several astrophysics investigations presently under study.     

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

HELIO: The Heliophysics Integrated Observatory

Heliophysics is a new research field that explores the Sun–Solar System Connection; it requires the joint exploitation of solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and ionospheric observations.