中介机匣典型故障排除及深度修理

航空发动机中介机匣组件因各种故障而需修理或导致报废的现象时有发生。针对发动机中介机匣分流环裂纹掉块、上部衬套磨损松动、弹性环磨损、同心度检测不合格等故障进行分析研究,提出解决措施,制定满足发动机使用要求的合理技术标准和修理方法。在修理技术方法中,采用挖补补焊方法解决分流环裂纹掉块故障;采用极坐标定位与专用模板衬套相结合的方法提高新品衬套加工精度以解决上部衬套更换新品后装配准确性难题;采用装配过盈销钉和扩口工艺以保证零件的堵孔质量等。结果表明:这些修理措施提高了中介机匣零部件的利用率,延长了其使用寿命,降低了发动机修理成本。     

CFM56系列发动机核心机VSV作动环衬套缺失或损坏的修理方法的探讨

对型号为CFM56-3、-5B、-7B航空发动机核心机上VSV系统的作动环与梁臂装配处衬套缺失或损坏的原因进行了分析,对其修理方法进行了研究和探讨,较为详细地描述了修理方法的一些细节,以供同行参考。     

汉莎技术公司的维修研发

<正>虽然大型独立维修企业或航空公司所属维修部经常与OEM合作开发修理技术,但维修企业也会在修理过程中遇到一些频发的故障,需要自行投资开发相应的修理技术,发展自身的维修能力。例如,汉莎技术公司在修理中发现CF6发动机燃烧室点火器衬套频发磨损故障,于是开发了相应的维修能力。由于燃烧室点火器衬套出现磨损后,磨屑在振动的作用下会脱落到发动机燃烧室内,导致大量的空气进入到燃烧室点火器周围。在恶劣的天气条件下,这可能会导致燃烧室火焰熄灭后无法二次点火。     

基于轴承衬套典型构件的微动磨损问题研究

以航空发动机附件机匣轴承衬套为例,从微动磨损问题出发,对轴承衬套工作条件、使用工况进行分析,结果表明轴承衬套磨损为典型的微动磨损现象,并开展了轴承衬套微动磨损试验,复现了轴承衬套磨损现象,验证了理论分析结果。通过本文研究确定了航空发动机附件机匣轴承衬套微动磨损发生的影响因素,并针对这种典型结构提出预防微动磨损问题发生的改进方案,对其中的铝材料表面硬质阳极化方案开展了发动机验证,结果表明对解决铝轴承衬套的磨损问题有明显效果。     

基于瞬态动力学的航空活塞发动机连杆修理检测区域划分

基于瞬态动力学基本理论,选取Lycoming航空活塞发动机的普通连杆为分析对象,在通用有限元软件中建立其三维有限元模型。考虑在发动机额定转速工况下,连杆在压缩行程末期、膨胀行程初期气缸内气体压力作用下的动力学响应。分析发现:在所有载荷步下,最大等效应力和应变均出现在杆身和小头的过渡区域,且与缸内气体峰值压力同时出现;获得的最大等效应力随时间的变化曲线,可为预估连杆疲劳寿命、提高连杆疲劳可靠性提供数值依据;结合等效应力应变云图,划分出的连杆应力集中的危险区域,为修理前检测的重点区域。     

某型IDG缸筒更换衬套的安全性验证

对波音737飞机IDG缸筒在更换衬套修理后的安全性进行了分析研究。根据材料力学原理,对缸筒内部柱塞孔进行力学分析,计算出缸筒修理前后的安全系数,再计算出衬套安装后的保持力安全系数,通过对凹槽加固作用后的安全性系数的分析对比,验证了缸筒更换衬套修理方案的合理性,最后经过装机测试验证了缸筒修理后的安全性。     

某型发动机滑油消耗量大故障的排除

就某型涡桨发动机滑油消耗量大的故障,以故障树的形式列出了所有可能原因并逐一分析排除,在确定了故障的根本原因后,制定了修理措施并提出了对该故障进行检查及预防的方案,为该型发动机类似故障的修理和日常维护提供参考。     

难加工材料精密孔高效珩磨技术研究进展

珩磨技术凭借加工精度高、材料去除率大的优势,广泛应用于精密孔加工.航空发动机广泛采用高温合金、钛合金、不锈钢等航空难加工材料,其难加工性降低了珩磨加工的材料去除及误差修正能力,限制了珩磨工艺在航空发动机精密孔加工中的进一步应用.为突破难加工材料珩磨工艺瓶颈,对难加工材料珩磨工艺特性进行分析,并以高效精密珩磨工艺及工具为切入点,归纳了航空难加工材料精密孔高效珩磨技术现状,并对其发展趋势进行了预测.     

某型航空发动机高压涡轮后衬套喷涂材料国产化及应用

针对某型发动机高压涡轮轴后衬套更换封严涂层的修理需要,通过对原涂层XRD、XPS等的分析,结合其服役条件和使用要求,初步选定国产镍铬铝包氮化硼和镍铜铝包氮化硼两种材料,进行对比研究并考核验证其涂层硬度、热冲击、热稳定性以及喷涂工艺性等,结果表明镍铬铝包氮化硼材料耐热性能优于镍铜铝包氮化硼,可作为替代材料使用。     

V2500发动机反推格栅典型损伤修理技术研究

基于对V2500发动机反推格栅损伤处理经验,并参考空客手册及相关文献资料,对V2500发动机反推格栅损伤原因、修理方法进行深入研究。为更好地完成修理,自主设计了两个格栅超手册修理方案,为格栅深度损伤修理提供新方法,为缠绕型复杂复合材料结构修理提供新的技术支持,同时为将金属结构机械修理方法引入复合材料结构修理提供了参考依据。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.