烧结温度对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４显微结构及性能的影响

基于凝胶分子造孔机理,通过提高凝胶注模工艺中有机单体含量,制备微多孔氮化硅陶瓷,研究了烧结温度对Si3N4微多孔陶瓷烧结体的显微结构、强度、气孔率、孔径等方面的影响.结果表明,温度升高有利于β-Si3N4晶相的生成,烧结温度为1 680℃时,氮化硅陶瓷烧结体中α-Si3N4和β-Si3N4并存,当烧结温度为1 730和1 780℃时,氮化硅陶瓷烧结体的晶相全部为β-Si3N4;陶瓷烧结体的孔径均<1μm,而且孔径分布范围较窄、较均匀;随着烧结温度的提高,陶瓷烧结体的强度单调上升而气孔率下降.     

硅氧氮陶瓷先驱体的合成及表征

以MeViSiCl2、MeHSiCl2和MeSiCl3为原料,采用先部分水解再氨解的方法制备了硅氧氮陶瓷先驱体.利用FT-IR、1H-NMR、29Si-NMR、GPC以及TGA对聚合物先驱体的结构和热性能进行了表征.结果表明:合成的硅氧氮烷在DCP固化2 h后具有77.7%的陶瓷产率.     

热压工艺对SiO2f／SiO2复合材料结构与力学性能的影响

采用真空热压烧结工艺制备了SiO2短纤维补强增韧的SiO2玻璃陶瓷基复合材料，研究了烧结温度和保温时间对其显微结构和力学性能的影响规律，结果表明，SiO2f/SiO2复合材料的强度和韧性较石英玻璃有明显改善；延长热压保温时间、提高烧结温度、虽有利于材料致密化，但析晶量增加和纤维退化更严重，复合材料的强度和断裂韧性随之下降。     

2DCf／SiC-Si复合材料的制备和性能研究

针对短时高温抗氧化的具体环境,采用先驱体转化工艺制备2D Cf/SiC-Si复合材料.首先考察首周期裂解温度对2D Cf/SiC-Si材料力学性能的影响,结果表明,首周期采用1200℃裂解,所制备的2D Cf/SiC-Si复合材料界面结合较好,弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别达到305.4MPa和15.7 MPa·m1/2.在此基础上研究了Si粉含量对材料性能的影响.结果表明,随着Si含量的增加,2D Cf/SiC-Si材料的力学性能稍有降低,而抗氧化性能明显提高,主要原因在于材料中游离碳含量的降低和Si氧化后生成的具有封填裂纹和隔氧作用的SiO2膜.     

原位生成Si2N2O与β-Si3N4晶种协同增韧Si3N4复相陶瓷研究

采用原位生成Si2N2O与添加β-Si3N4晶种的方法协同增韧,利用凝胶注模成型、无压烧结制备了Si3N4复相陶瓷材料,研究了协同增韧对材料力学性能和显微结构的影响.结果表明:通过添加5%(质量分数)的SiO2原位生成Si2N2O使材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧度有明显提高,分别达到359.8 MPa和4.67 MPa·m1/2,通过添加5%质量分数的β-Si3N4晶种,得到的Si3N4复相陶瓷材料中柱状β-Si3N4相生长完好、均匀分布,与板状Si2N2O结合良好.综合以上两种增韧机制使材料的力学性能进一步提高,弯曲强度为486.7 MPa,断裂韧度达到6.38 MPa·m1/2.     

先驱体转化2DCf/SiC-Cu复合材料热处理工艺

针对固体火箭发动机喉衬的使用工况,在Cf/SiC中引入Cu,通过Cu发汗降低材料表面温度,提高其烧蚀性能.采用先驱体转化法制备了2D Cf/SiC-Cu,考察了裂解温度为1 000、1 100、1 200、1 350℃时,对材料力学、烧蚀性能及微观结构的影响.结果表明,随着裂解温度的提高,试样的弯曲强度和断裂韧度均逐渐下降,分别为:280.0、225.7、193.2、163.0 MPa和18.0、13.6、13.4、13.2 MPa·m1/2.经氧乙炔焰烧蚀30 s后试样的弯曲强度随着裂解温度的提高基本不变,分别为121.2、115.5、124.2和117.5 MPa,其中1 200℃裂解制得的试样具有较低的线烧蚀率(0.025 5mm/s)和质量烧蚀率(0.028 g/s).烧蚀后试样中的Cu大量流失,基体中有少量铜硅化合物(Cu3Si,Cu5Si)出现.     

PIP法制备3DNextelTM720／Mullite复合材料

采用先驱体浸渗热解法制备了 3DNextelTM 72 0 Mullite复合材料 ,并对基体的组分控制、复合材料致密化以及热处理温度对复合材料强度的影响进行了研究。结果表明 ,采用正硅酸已酯和异丙醇铝作为先驱体可以在相对低温 (≤ 12 0 0℃ )通过循环浸渗热解制备孔隙率低于 2 0 %的复合材料。     

空心石英纤维增强氮化物基低介电复合材料的制备及其性能

以环硼氮烷和全氢聚硅氮烷组成的混杂先驱体为原料,采用先驱体浸渍-裂解工艺制备了空心石英纤维增强氮化硼-氮化硅混杂基体的复合材料,研究了裂解温度对复合材料的致密化、力学性能、介电性能和断口显微形貌的影响。结果表明,当裂解温度从300℃提高到500℃时,复合材料的密度逐渐增大,材料的弹性模量随之提高,而其弯曲强度先增后减。当裂解温度为400℃时,复合材料表现出最高抗弯强度(132.4MPa),这源于较小的纤维损伤以及基体和纤维之间良好的界面结合状态。随着裂解温度的提高,复合材料的介电常数也逐渐增大,但三种温度下制备的复合材料均具有较低的介电常数(2.60～3.01)和较低的损耗角正切值(小于5×10-3),材料良好的介电性能源于介电性能优异的高纯度空心石英纤维增强相和较低密度的无碳氮化物基体。     

硅氮烷环体的催化聚合及热解制备Si3 N4 材料

采用甲基氢二氯硅烷的氨解产物硅氮烷环体(MHSZ)为原料,以四丁基氟化铵为催化剂,制备了高分子量的硅氮烷聚合物(PHSZ),结合红外、核磁、凝胶色谱仪和热重分析了反应时间对合成的PHSZ结构、组成、分子量和陶瓷产率的影响。考察了低温氨气,高温N2气氛处理工艺对热解产物结构和组成的影响。结果表明,随着反应时间的延长,PHSZ高聚物的分子量提高,热失重降低;采用该热解方式PHSZ可转化为含碳量仅为0.5wt%的Si3N4材料,热解样品在1 600℃时完全结晶,晶相主要是α-Si3N4。     

PIP 法制备SiBN 纤维增强氮化物陶瓷基复合材料Ⅰ———纤维和先驱体性能分析

利用先驱体聚合物浸渍-裂解(PIP)技术制备SiBN纤维增强氮化物陶瓷基复合材料,对SiBN纤维、聚硅硼氮烷有机先驱体裂解以及SiBN纤维增强氮化物陶瓷基复合材料性能进行了分析。研究表明:聚硅硼氮烷先驱体在氨气气氛下裂解得到的陶瓷产物碳含量较低,其裂解产物介电常数在3.0左右,介电损耗小于0.01;SiBN纤维中C和O元素含量均较高,碳的存在对材料介电性能影响明显;制备的氮化物陶瓷基复合材料弯曲强度为88.52 MPa,弹性模量为20.03 GPa。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.