适用于热熔法制备预浸料的氰酸酯树脂的制备

为改进纤维增强氰酸酯树脂基复合材料的制备工艺,研制了一种适用热熔法制备预浸料的氰酸酯树脂体系.以旋转黏度计确定了适用热熔法浸渍纤维的树脂黏度为1.5 Pa·s/80℃、最佳加工温度为(90±2)℃、工艺适用期为2 h.利用DSC及哈克流变仪确定了树脂的固化工艺、纤维增强树脂基复合材料的制备工艺等.结果表明此树脂体系具有良好的热熔加工性能,适宜的工艺适用期,树脂体系在-10℃下贮存6个月后,树脂黏度基本保持不变,应用热熔浸渍法制备的M40J碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料,具有优异的力学性能,拉伸强度和模量分别为2 037 MPa和226 GPa,弯曲强度和模量分别为1 580 MPa和217 GPa.     

大型Mg-Gd-Y铸件成分、热处理优化和性能评价

针对大型砂型铸造镁合金铸件晶粒粗大、室温塑性较差的问题,模拟大型铸件的慢冷条件,通过成分优化、微观组织分析、热处理优化的方法研究了大型Mg-Gd-Y镁合金铸件室温强韧化的最优工艺参数。结果表明:Mg-6Gd-3Y-0. 5Zr(GW63K)具有良好的综合性能,GW63K的最佳固溶处理参数为475℃/7 h+495℃/3 h,最佳时效处理参数为200℃/80 h,本体室温抗拉、屈服强度和延伸率依次达到了334. 5 MPa、201. 0MPa和6. 2%,具有良好的室温强韧性。     

考虑温度环境下树脂基复合材料力学性能及模型研究

采用试验的方法研究了T300/QY8911-Ⅳ复合材料不同温度环境(室温、160,200,260℃)下的纵向拉伸、横向拉伸及面内切变力学性能,探讨了材料的模量、强度随温度变化的规律并提出了相应的力学模型.试验结果表明:在室温至200℃复合材料纵向拉伸模量、强度受温度影响较小,拉伸模量最大变幅为2.82%,强度为1.41%;当温度升高到260℃时,由于树脂基体变质,材料纵向拉伸模量与强度均下降,模量下降5.85%,强度下降7.01%(均相对200℃);横向拉伸和面内切变模量、强度受温度的影响较大,在160℃范围内,材料的平均模量分别下降了49.21%和70.34%,强度下降了38.49%和44.85%.当温度升至200℃时,材料的横向拉伸及面内切变模量与强度进一步下降,模量降幅为25.13%和38.30%,强度降幅为0.41%和15.95%.拟合结果表明:3个力学模型均适用于不同温度、载荷类型下的数据分布规律,但模型Ⅱ与模型Ⅲ对数据的拟合更准确.      

热处理对颗粒增强铝基复合材料阻尼性能的影响

对喷射共沉积工艺制备的 60 1 3Al/SiCp/Gr复合材料 ,研究了 5种热处理制度下材料的阻尼性能。结果表明 :此材料在不同热处理制度下 ,温度高于 3 0 0℃ ,内耗值均大于 0 .0 1 ;1 5 0℃以下 ,不同热处理制度试样的内耗值基本相同 ,在 1 5 0℃～ 2 70℃温度范围内 ,阻尼能力的大小顺序为 :炉冷 >水淬 >-90℃淬火 >空冷 >原样 >-1 95℃淬火 ;模量随温度的升高表现为单调下降 ,在f=1Hz,ε=3 0× 1 0 -6测试条件下 ,模量大小依次为 :-1 95℃淬火 >水淬 >原样 >炉冷 >-90℃淬火 >空冷。     

TG800碳纤维/双马树脂基预浸料等温固化动力学

为复合材料成型工艺参数制定提供准确信息,采用动态力学分析法(DMTA)对国产TG800碳纤维/802双马树脂基预浸料等温固化动力学进行研究,根据损耗模量E″在恒温扫描过程中出现的拐点可准确确定固化凝胶点。以储能模量E′相对增长率为固化反应速率指标,考察不同恒温阶段反应程度增长模式,并建立了固化反应动力学模型。分别采用Hsich非平衡热力学涨落理论和Avrami方程对预浸料固化反应过程中活化能变化规律进行分析。结果表明:Hsich理论得出TG800/802预浸料反应活化能为49. 5 kJ/mol;Avrami方程得出恒温阶段前期活化能均小于后期,且温度越高对应活化能越低。TG800/802在200℃恒温时前期活化能为78. 8 kJ/mol,小于后期109 kJ/mol,温度升高至240℃后活化能降至32. 4 kJ/mol。通过计算不同恒温阶段固化度佐证了双马树脂固化制度150℃/1 h+180℃/2 h+200℃/4 h的可行性,为TG800/802预浸料的工程化应用提供了技术支撑。     

C/C复合材料的纳米压痕实验及其性能分析

采用纳米压痕技术研究了不同石墨化温度和混合基体碳的C/C复合材料的性能。结果表明：石墨化温度为2 500 ℃的C/C复合材料的模量比石墨化温度为2 300 ℃的纳米压痕模量降低了10%;纳米压痕法测得热解碳、树脂碳和沥青碳混合基体的C/C复合材料中的树脂碳模量最高,热解碳的次之,沥青碳的最低;通过对纳米压痕载荷位移曲线进行非线性拟合,经过有限元计算最终得到C/C复合材料微观组元的表面断裂韧度为0.492 MPa?m^1/2。     

铸造铝合金ZL114A 的热处理工艺

对铸造铝合金ZL114A开展热处理试验,研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、淬火水温、时效温度和时效时间等工艺参数对力学性能的影响,比较了铸态和固溶热处理后的组织变化,并优选出最佳的热处理工艺制度,540℃×14 h/水冷(55℃)+155℃×7.5 h/空冷,为后续的工业化生产提供了参考.     

铸造铝合金ZL114A的热处理工艺北大核心CSCD

对铸造铝合金ZL114A开展热处理试验,研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、淬火水温、时效温度和时效时间等工艺参数对力学性能的影响,比较了铸态和固溶热处理后的组织变化,并优选出最佳的热处理工艺制度,540℃×14 h/水冷(55℃)+155℃×7.5 h/空冷,为后续的工业化生产提供了参考。     

纤维增强基于α-BPDA 聚酰亚胺复合材料性能

为了考察基于α-BPDA聚酰亚胺复合材料的高温性能,制备了纤维增强复合材料,进行了高温力学和热物理性能的测试。研究结果表明纤维增强复合材料的T5d分解温度为565℃;Tg超过471℃;在450℃下的弯曲强度保持率大于42%,弯曲模量保持率大于55%,短梁剪切强度保持率超过44%;400℃空气热老化50 h后碳纤维复合材料的弯曲强度保持率66%,弯曲模量保持率为95%;300、500℃的石英增强复合材料的热导率分别为0.503和0.657 W/(m.K)。     

多官能含氯环氧树脂的合成与性能

合成了一种耐湿热性的多官能环氧树脂3,3′一二氯-4,4′-二氨基二苯基甲烷四缩水甘油胺,并用FT-IR对其结构进行了表征.采用非等温DSC法确定了多官能环氧树脂体系的固化工艺为90℃/1 h+160℃/2 h+190℃/3 h:固化物的分解温度为365.9℃,具有很高的热稳定性和较好的力学性能.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。