二次硬化超高强度钢中析出强化相HRTEM研究

使用高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对高Co-Ni超高强度钢AetMet100在482℃/5h回火后的析出强化相进行研究,对高分辨格子像进行傅立叶变换得到FFT花样并进行标定,从而确定强化相。试验结果发现,在Aet-Met100钢马氏体基体上同时存在两种形态的弥散析出强化相:一种是已有很多报道的棒状M2C碳化物,长度约9.6nm,直径约3.1nm,与基体的取向关系为(01)M∥(001)M2C,[010]M∥[100]M2C;另一种是椭球状的Fe2Mo金属间化合物(Laves相),直径约6.5nm,与基体的取向关系为(2  )M∥(001)L,[111]M∥[100]L。这两种第二相尺寸相当,均为基体的强化相。     

超高强度钢中二次硬化现象研究

评述了超高强度钢中二次硬化现象的基本特征,M2C析出热力学、晶体学、动力学和机理等研究现状。研究证明,在位错上单独形核、共格沉淀的介稳定相M2C是一种可用的强化相。M2C比其他稳定碳化物具有更高形核驱动力和聚集抗力,Co提高这一驱动力和形核率。Mo有效增加M2C点阵参数和聚集抗力。     

M50NiL高温渗碳轴承钢中Fe2Mo析出相的电镜观察

应用高分辨电子显微镜(HREM)观察M50NiL高温渗碳轴承钢中的马氏体和强化相Fe2Mo的形貌、结构及其与马氏体的取向关系。分析结果表明:M50NiL高温渗碳轴承钢心部组织主要为板条马氏体,表层组织主要为片状马氏体,其亚结构孪晶的孪生面为{211}晶面族;M50NiL钢中观察到纳米级强化相Fe2Mo,长条状,宽约2～3nm;部分Fe2Mo沿马氏体的孪生面生长,生长方向为[111]M;纳米级强化相Fe2Mo与马氏体的取向关系为:{112}M//{001}Fe2Mo,[1 11]M//[100]Fe2Mo。     

超硬不锈钢9Cr13Ni6Co5Be回火组织与硬度研究

研究超硬不锈钢9Cr13Ni6Co5Be回火组织特征和性能特点.结果表明,9Cr13Ni6Co5Be钢在470℃回火析出金属间化合物Be2Fe,导致材料在室温具有高于HRC66的硬度.分析强化相析出规律,确定Be2Fe与马氏体基体的位向关系为((-1)10)M//((-2)10)Be2Fe,[112]M//[241]Be2Fe.该钢具有良好的高温硬度,300℃硬度HRC＞64,500℃硬度HRC＞58.     

9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V马氏体不锈钢微观组织研究

对不同热处理状态下的微观组织结构进行了研究.采用物理化学相分析技术研究了9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V退火、淬火以及最终热处理制度下析出相的类型、含量及组成结构式.并用X射线小角散射(SAXS)(small angle x-ray scatter)分析了不同热处理制度下析出相在不同粒度间隔中的质量分布.结果表明:①9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V钢退火状态的组织为珠光体 碳化物(M23C6,MC和M6C),淬火状态组织为马氏体 碳化物(M23C6和MC),最终热处理状态的组织为回火马氏体 碳化物(M23 C6,MC和M3C);②小颗粒(≤300nm)碳化物析出相粒度分析表明,9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V钢退火、淬火状态析出相平均粒度相差不大,粗大颗粒较多,而最终热处理状态的析出相平均粒度明显减小,且细小颗粒比例较大.     

《航空材料学报》2003年第23卷目录索引

一种超高强度不锈齿轮钢强化相研究赵振业　李春志　李　志　刘天琦　支敏学　朱杰远　孙继光 ( 1 -1 )……………变质处理 M2铸造高速钢的组织和性能符寒光　邢建东 ( 1 -7)………………………………………………………………高温变形参数对 TC6钛合金微观组织的影响研究熊爱明　黄维超　陈胜晖　李淼泉 ( 1 -1 1 )……………………………低频电磁铸造超高强高韧铝合金元素晶内固溶度和力学性能研究董　杰　崔建忠　赵志浩 ( 1 -1 6)………………………LY1 2铝合金表面铈纳米膜的制备及显微组织特征纪　红　许　越　周德瑞　周育红 ( 1 -…     

300M(40CrNi2Si2MOVA)钢制起落架

1 300M(40CcrNi2Si2MOVA)钢的特点 300M钢是美国于上世纪50年代初在4340钢基础上添加了1.5%左右的硅而发展起来的新型超高强度钢;是美国目前使用最普遍的飞机起落架用钢.该钢采用双真空冶炼(真空感应熔炼--真空自耗电极重熔)并精选原料,严格控制硫、磷元素含量,目前钢中硫含量已降到30ppm以下,其它有害杂质及气体含量也较低,钢的纯洁度很高.该钢淬透性很高,纵向、横向性能差异小,淬火加低温回火后,强度可达1860MPa以上.     

300M超高强度钢锻造粗晶行为研究

通过300M钢楔形试样镦粗试验,研究了不同锻造温度、不同保温时间和不同变形量对该材料低倍组织的影响,分析得出了300M钢锻造粗晶临界温度和临界变形量;并试验研究了300M钢低倍粗晶细化的有效方法.结果表明:(1)300M钢锻造时奥氏体晶粒粗化临界温度TGC为1050℃;(2)因锻造温度过高所形成的低倍粗晶,通过合适的变形量或热处理能够予于有效消除;(3)保温时间长短对低倍粗晶没有明显的影响;(4)在0%~5%之间存在晶粒粗化的临界变形量,这一临界变形程度是锻造时必须控制的最小变形程度.     

20Cr11MoVNbNB 钢高温蠕变过程中沉淀相的粗化动力学

对20Cr11MoVNbNB钢550℃、650℃蠕变过程中的沉淀相研究表明：M23C6和MC型碳化物是该钢的主要沉淀相;M23C6和MC的粗化均符合D-t1/4线性规律、受体扩散和位错扩散综合控制;M23C6的粗化速率比MC的大。     

Mo含量对Mo-Ni-B堆焊合金组织和性能的影响

设计制备了Mo-Ni-B系合金粉块新材料,采用TIG堆焊工艺在Q235钢基体上制备Ni基三元硼化物堆焊合金。研究了合金粉块中Mo含量对三元硼化物堆焊合金层组织、物相、硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,堆焊金属主要由三元硼化物Mo2M’B2、Mo Ni4、Mo5(B、Si)3、γ-(Fe,Ni,Mo,Cr)等相组成;Mo含量对堆焊合金的显微组织有较大影响;随着合金粉块中Mo含量的增加,堆焊合金和三元硼化物的显微硬度均明显下降;在所研究堆焊合金中,Mo 44.18%的耐蚀性最好,Mo 37.53%的堆焊合金的耐磨性能是Q235钢的27.7倍。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.