二次硬化超高强度钢中析出强化相HRTEM研究

使用高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对高Co-Ni超高强度钢AetMet100在482℃/5h回火后的析出强化相进行研究,对高分辨格子像进行傅立叶变换得到FFT花样并进行标定,从而确定强化相。试验结果发现,在Aet-Met100钢马氏体基体上同时存在两种形态的弥散析出强化相:一种是已有很多报道的棒状M2C碳化物,长度约9.6nm,直径约3.1nm,与基体的取向关系为(01)M∥(001)M2C,[010]M∥[100]M2C;另一种是椭球状的Fe2Mo金属间化合物(Laves相),直径约6.5nm,与基体的取向关系为(2  )M∥(001)L,[111]M∥[100]L。这两种第二相尺寸相当,均为基体的强化相。     

超高强度钢中二次硬化现象研究

评述了超高强度钢中二次硬化现象的基本特征,M2C析出热力学、晶体学、动力学和机理等研究现状。研究证明,在位错上单独形核、共格沉淀的介稳定相M2C是一种可用的强化相。M2C比其他稳定碳化物具有更高形核驱动力和聚集抗力,Co提高这一驱动力和形核率。Mo有效增加M2C点阵参数和聚集抗力。     

M50NiL高温渗碳轴承钢中Fe2Mo析出相的电镜观察

应用高分辨电子显微镜(HREM)观察M50NiL高温渗碳轴承钢中的马氏体和强化相Fe2Mo的形貌、结构及其与马氏体的取向关系。分析结果表明:M50NiL高温渗碳轴承钢心部组织主要为板条马氏体,表层组织主要为片状马氏体,其亚结构孪晶的孪生面为{211}晶面族;M50NiL钢中观察到纳米级强化相Fe2Mo,长条状,宽约2～3nm;部分Fe2Mo沿马氏体的孪生面生长,生长方向为[111]M;纳米级强化相Fe2Mo与马氏体的取向关系为:{112}M//{001}Fe2Mo,[1 11]M//[100]Fe2Mo。     

超硬不锈钢9Cr13Ni6Co5Be回火组织与硬度研究

研究超硬不锈钢9Cr13Ni6Co5Be回火组织特征和性能特点.结果表明,9Cr13Ni6Co5Be钢在470℃回火析出金属间化合物Be2Fe,导致材料在室温具有高于HRC66的硬度.分析强化相析出规律,确定Be2Fe与马氏体基体的位向关系为((-1)10)M//((-2)10)Be2Fe,[112]M//[241]Be2Fe.该钢具有良好的高温硬度,300℃硬度HRC＞64,500℃硬度HRC＞58.     

9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V马氏体不锈钢微观组织研究

对不同热处理状态下的微观组织结构进行了研究.采用物理化学相分析技术研究了9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V退火、淬火以及最终热处理制度下析出相的类型、含量及组成结构式.并用X射线小角散射(SAXS)(small angle x-ray scatter)分析了不同热处理制度下析出相在不同粒度间隔中的质量分布.结果表明:①9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V钢退火状态的组织为珠光体 碳化物(M23C6,MC和M6C),淬火状态组织为马氏体 碳化物(M23C6和MC),最终热处理状态的组织为回火马氏体 碳化物(M23 C6,MC和M3C);②小颗粒(≤300nm)碳化物析出相粒度分析表明,9Cr13Mo3Co3Nb2V钢退火、淬火状态析出相平均粒度相差不大,粗大颗粒较多,而最终热处理状态的析出相平均粒度明显减小,且细小颗粒比例较大.     

《航空材料学报》2003年第23卷目录索引

一种超高强度不锈齿轮钢强化相研究赵振业　李春志　李　志　刘天琦　支敏学　朱杰远　孙继光 ( 1 -1 )……………变质处理 M2铸造高速钢的组织和性能符寒光　邢建东 ( 1 -7)………………………………………………………………高温变形参数对 TC6钛合金微观组织的影响研究熊爱明　黄维超　陈胜晖　李淼泉 ( 1 -1 1 )……………………………低频电磁铸造超高强高韧铝合金元素晶内固溶度和力学性能研究董　杰　崔建忠　赵志浩 ( 1 -1 6)………………………LY1 2铝合金表面铈纳米膜的制备及显微组织特征纪　红　许　越　周德瑞　周育红 ( 1 -…     

300M超高强度钢锻造粗晶行为研究

通过300M钢楔形试样镦粗试验,研究了不同锻造温度、不同保温时间和不同变形量对该材料低倍组织的影响,分析得出了300M钢锻造粗晶临界温度和临界变形量;并试验研究了300M钢低倍粗晶细化的有效方法.结果表明:(1)300M钢锻造时奥氏体晶粒粗化临界温度TGC为1050℃;(2)因锻造温度过高所形成的低倍粗晶,通过合适的变形量或热处理能够予于有效消除;(3)保温时间长短对低倍粗晶没有明显的影响;(4)在0%~5%之间存在晶粒粗化的临界变形量,这一临界变形程度是锻造时必须控制的最小变形程度.     

300M(40CrNi2Si2MOVA)钢制起落架

1 300M(40CcrNi2Si2MOVA)钢的特点 300M钢是美国于上世纪50年代初在4340钢基础上添加了1.5%左右的硅而发展起来的新型超高强度钢;是美国目前使用最普遍的飞机起落架用钢.该钢采用双真空冶炼(真空感应熔炼--真空自耗电极重熔)并精选原料,严格控制硫、磷元素含量,目前钢中硫含量已降到30ppm以下,其它有害杂质及气体含量也较低,钢的纯洁度很高.该钢淬透性很高,纵向、横向性能差异小,淬火加低温回火后,强度可达1860MPa以上.     

20Cr11MoVNbNB 钢高温蠕变过程中沉淀相的粗化动力学

对20Cr11MoVNbNB钢550℃、650℃蠕变过程中的沉淀相研究表明：M23C6和MC型碳化物是该钢的主要沉淀相;M23C6和MC的粗化均符合D-t1/4线性规律、受体扩散和位错扩散综合控制;M23C6的粗化速率比MC的大。     

Mo含量对Mo-Ni-B堆焊合金组织和性能的影响

设计制备了Mo-Ni-B系合金粉块新材料,采用TIG堆焊工艺在Q235钢基体上制备Ni基三元硼化物堆焊合金。研究了合金粉块中Mo含量对三元硼化物堆焊合金层组织、物相、硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,堆焊金属主要由三元硼化物Mo2M’B2、Mo Ni4、Mo5(B、Si)3、γ-(Fe,Ni,Mo,Cr)等相组成;Mo含量对堆焊合金的显微组织有较大影响;随着合金粉块中Mo含量的增加,堆焊合金和三元硼化物的显微硬度均明显下降;在所研究堆焊合金中,Mo 44.18%的耐蚀性最好,Mo 37.53%的堆焊合金的耐磨性能是Q235钢的27.7倍。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.