Angle/Doppler estimation in heavy-tailed clutter backgrounds

This work describes new methods on the modeling of the amplitude statistics of airborne radar clutter by means of alpha-stable distributions. We develop joint target angle and Doppler, maximum likelihood-based estimation techniques from radar measurements retrieved in the presence of impulsive uncorrelated noise modeled as an alpha-stable random process. We derive the Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) for the additive Cauchy interference scenario to assess the best case estimation accuracy which can be achieved. In addition, we introduce a new joint spatial- and Doppler-frequency high-resolution estimation technique based on the fractional lower order statistics of the measurements of a radar array. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed methods can be of interest in the study of space-time adaptive processing (STAP) for airborne pulse Doppler radar arrays operating in impulsive interference environments     

FOPEN SAR imaging using UWB step-frequency and random noisewaveforms

The detection and identification of targets obscured by foliage have been topics of great interest. Several synthetic aperture radar (SAR) experiments have demonstrated promising images of terrain and man-made objects obscured by dense foliage, by using either linear frequency modulation (LFM) or step-frequency waveforms. We present here the methodology and results of a comparative study on foliage penetration (FOPEN) SAR imaging using ultrawideband (UWB) step-frequency and random noise waveforms. A statistical-physical foliage transmission model is developed for simulation applications. The foliage obscuring pattern is analyzed by means of the technique of paired echoes. The results of the comparative study demonstrates the ability of a UHF band UWB random noise radar to be used as a FOPEN SAR. Advantages of the random noise radar system include covert detection and immunity to radio frequency interference (RFI)     

一种射频噪声干扰信号品质因素改进方法

针对射频噪声干扰信号直接限幅引起的干扰信号品质降低问题,分析了射频噪声干扰直接限幅造成的影响,在射频噪声干扰信号品质因素理论模型基础上,提出 1种基于双地址序列读取的射频噪声干扰信号品质优化方法。通过设置双地址寻址方式,改进基带噪声数据读取方式,提高限幅条件下的射频噪声干扰信号品质因素。仿真实验表明,该优化方法能够在直接限幅条件下提高干扰信号的品质因素,并基于 FPGA进行了硬件测试,验证了该方法的可行性。     

Performance bounds for hot and cold clutter mitigation

A new method is presented for describing the theoretical interference space-time covariance matrix that will be observed in an adaptive airborne radar system under specific topographical conditions. Both hot clutter that is induced by interfering sources and cold clutter that results from the radar transmitter are considered. This method incorporates phenomenology observed under site specific conditions as well as system effects such as array geometry, receiver filtering, and system bandwidth. Use of this formulation rather than sample data analyses that are generally employed enables one to infer performance bounds for site-specific, and thus generally, heterogeneous terrain that are tighter and therefore more meaningful than the thermal noise floor limit     

An Analog Open-Loop Adaptive-Array Antenna System

A new open-loop adaptive-array system with excellent transient behavior is presented. The system is constructed of analog circuits and determines complex weights without using the feedback of the array output. The performance attainable with the system is described in detail. It is shown that the convergence rate of the system does not depend on a noise environment but is determined by the time constant of the low-pass filters included. Moreover, it is shown that although the steady-state performance is quite good when the interference sources differ widely in signal strength, the steady-state performance can be far below optimum when two or more interference sources are present at roughly equal power levels.     

The split symbol moments SNR estimator in narrow-band channels

The split symbol moments estimator (SSME) is an algorithm that is designed to estimate symbol signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The performance of the SSME algorithm in bandlimited channels is examined, and the effects of the resulting intersymbol interference (ISI) are quantified. All results obtained are in closed form and can be easily evaluated numerically for performance-prediction purposes. The results are also validated through digital simulations     

非均匀噪声稀疏均匀圆阵的二维DOA估计

针对在机载雷达、通信等领域有着广泛应用的均匀圆阵(UCA),研究了非均匀噪声下稀疏均匀圆阵的二维波达方向(DOA)估计.首先采用改进的相位模式方法构造非均匀噪卢稀疏均匀圆阵的波柬空间似然函数;之后,在分析非均匀噪声稀疏均匀圆阵的波束空间似然函数特点的基础上,修改了Burg的逆迭代算法以适应稀疏均匀圆阵下非均匀噪声自相关...     

基于人工免疫网络模型的航空发动机传感器故障诊断

提出了一种用于传感器故障诊断的免疫网络,对其结构和特点进行了分析,给出了相应的诊断算法。对传感器典型故障进行了故障诊断仿真,分析了免疫网络能检测出的最小故障偏差水平以及在不同噪声水平下的故障诊断效果。仿真结果表明,所研究的方法能有效检测到故障传感器,并具有良好的灵敏性及抗噪声干扰能力。     

利用FIR滤波器生成随机振动试验驱动信号的新方法

 阐述了一种利用有限冲击响应(FIR) 滤波器生成随机振动试验驱动信号的新方法。该方法通过设计一个FIR 滤波器对白噪声序列进行滤波,使滤波器输出序列的功率谱密度满足试验驱动信号的要求。在随机振动试验控制中,将FIR 滤波器和试验的受控对象组成增广系统,这将有助于简化对控制系统的分析和设计。     

激光脉冲法背温信号中噪声信号的滤除方法

针对激光脉冲法背温信号中存在的噪声干扰,通过频谱分析确定了噪声信号的频率范围,设计了相应的FIR数字滤波器,并对滤波后存在的残留噪声进行了递推平滑滤波.滤波前后的数据对比表明,该方法能有效滤波背温信号中的噪声.     

Angular mean and variance for selected two-source radar-target combinations

Angle tracking of the desired target in the presence of interference is a common radar problem. It can occur when the desired target is competing with a jammer, clutter, or multipath. Angle statistics can vary significantly for a tracking radar depending upon the nature of this interference. The angular mean and variance are presented for three different statistical two-target types for single and multiple measurements. Previously derived values are presented for completeness in conjunction with derivations not found in the open literature. The signal-to-noise ratio is assumed to be large so that the effects of receiver noise may be neglected.     

STFT及其在回声消除方面的应用

论述了STFT(Short-Time Fourier Transform)理论及其特点，设计了一个在桌面音频系统中由于麦克风和听筒的耦合而产生语音干扰(主要是回声)的消除系统，该系统利用STFT将所需信号和噪声信号变换到频域，通过频谱相减消除噪声。提出了一个基于多信道回声消除器的子带最小二乘滤波器理论分析和估算方法，该方法具有较强的自适应能力、算法收敛快、控制精度高。     

未知时延系统的全局优化辅助变量辨识

对于未知时延系统,借助分离性原理,推导出迭代的可分离的非线性最小二乘（SNLS）辨识方法。为了降低收敛于局部最小的可能性,消除强观测噪声所引起的参数估计的偏差,利用全局优化理论,引进辅助变量,推导了全局优化的辅助变量（GOIV）辨识方法。仿真试验验证了算法的有效性。     

Bistatic Interference between Neighboring Radars

Radar transmitters characteristically generate broadband noise sidebands [1] over the entire tunable frequency band of the system for the duration of the transmitted pulse. The noise will be backscattered over a substantial range interval. In certain circumstaces, this bistatic reflection of ground clutter emerges as the predominant mode of interference between adjacent radars operating in common bands. Closed form mathematical expressions are derived which relate this mutual interference to the system noise temperature. These results in turn are applied to a typical S-band radar.     

Angle Estimation with Adaptive Arrays in External Noise Fields

A method of estimating the angle of arrival of a signal at an array of sensors in an external noise environment is outlined. The development is based on a maximum likelihood estimator and leads naturally to adaptive sum and difference beams which null the external noise sources. An algorithm for estimating angle of arrival, based on the outputs of adaptively distorted sum and differnce beams, is shown to perform well in the presence of sidelobe and/or main beam interference.     

供电系统的干扰模式及抑制措施

供电系统的电磁干扰主要由发电机噪声、整流谐波、开关频率和它的谐波,以及在开关转换中高速电流和电压的瞬变所引起,这些干扰可通过传导和辐射的方式直接影响交流电网和用电设备。所以,本文所要讨论的主要问题就是电磁干扰的解决方法。     

基于边缘射流的起落架气动噪声控制研究

:起落架噪声可以看成是一系列结构件单独引起的气体扰流噪声以及这些不同结构件相对位置引起的干扰噪声的耦合.为了降低起落架气动噪声,提出一种基于边缘射流的主动控制技术.以某型飞机前起落架为研究对象,在其扭力臂背风面施加射流,利用分离涡脱模拟方法对其支柱和扭力臂结构简化模型的周围流场进行非定常计算,获取声源分布,采用FW-H积分获得远场噪声特性.结果表明:边缘射流能够有效抑制干扰噪声和支柱噪声,起落架的中频噪声得到一定幅度的下降,宽频噪声强度也有所减弱;射流改变扭力臂尾涡的脱落状况,可以减轻甚至消除涡脱落对支柱的冲击,从而减弱了支柱表面由于撞击而产生的脉动压力,达到降低声源强度的目的.     

FM/AM Noise Test Set for a Pulsed Doppler Radar

A new test method to measure the amplitude noise and phase noise in both CW and pulsed CW signals of a Ku-band pulsed Doppler radar is described. These noises are measured in a simulated environment of radar operation; thus the test results may give direct information to determine radar subclutter visibility. In comparison with the conventional noise test method, this new method not only gives more meaningful results but also can obtain results much faster in testing. Actual test system design is described by block diagrams and theoretical analysis. A method to determine approximate frequency jitter in a transmitter signal is also described.     

基于相减式信号抵消的带内隐藏干扰检测

为实现对通信信号的实时监测,提出一种带内隐藏干扰检测方法。该方法先利用解调结果重构期望信号,然后通过时延估计及自适应滤波使其与接收信号中的有用信号在时间、幅度和相位上尽量保持一致,最后利用相减式信号抵消技术将其从接收信号中消除,能够在不中断通信业务的前提下检测出信号带宽内隐藏的干扰。仿真结果表明,当信干比不低于6 dB、信噪比不低于3 dB时,期望信号、干扰信号与各自原信号的相似系数均能达到0.9以上,提取的干扰信号非常准确。将利用文中方法估计出的干扰抵消后,信号的星座图也得到了显著的收敛。     

调频引信中噪声调幅干扰的自适应抑制

噪声调幅干扰是一种有效的压制性干扰,可压制近炸无线电引信对目标信息的获取。为提高线性调频无线电引信抗噪声调幅干扰的能力,将单频率自适应陷波器应用到线性调频引信中,对噪声调幅干扰进行抑制。分析了噪声调幅干扰抑制原理,并对噪声调幅干扰抑制效果进行了仿真。仿真结果表明:SJB=-10 d B时,仍然能达到很好的噪声调幅干扰抑制效果。