High power factor AC/DC/AC converter with random PWM

A three-phase AC/DC/AC converter is presented with a power factor preregulator to improve the power quality in the input side and a pseudorandom noise generator to reduce the emitted acoustic noise and the mechanical vibration for an induction motor drive. The space vector modulation with hysteresis current control for a voltage source rectifier is adopted to simplify the hardware circuit. A control scheme is presented to drive the supply current following the reference current. The amplitude of reference current for the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier is derived from the DC bus voltage regulator and the estimated output power. Random switching frequency technique for a three-phase PWM inverter system to reduce the annoying tonal noise and resonant vibration from an induction motor is described. By randomly varying the instantaneous PWM switching frequency from one cycle to the next, the frequency distribution of harmonics is spread in a wide frequency range. The major advantage for using such a strategy is the nonrepetitive output spectral characteristic that results in reduction of torque pulsations in motor drive systems. The nearly unity power factor at the three-phase rectifier and the absence of acoustic noise concentrated at the specific tones which is usually present with conventional sinusoidal modulation are verified by the experimental tests     

AC/DC converter topologies for the Space Station

A new class of AC/DC converter topologies (Type-1 converters) is described, suitable for use in an advanced single-phase sine-wave voltage, high-frequency power distribution system, of the type that was proposed for a 20 kHz Space Station primary electrical power distribution system. The converter comprises a transformer, a resonant network, a current controller, a diode rectifier, and an output filter. The input AC voltage source is converted into a sinusoidal current source using the resonant network. The output of this current source is rectified by the diode rectifier and is controlled by the current controller. The controlled rectified current is then filtered by the output filter to obtain a constant voltage across the load. Three distinct converter topologies, Type-1A, Type-1B, and Type 1-C, are described, and their performance characteristics are presented. All three types have a close-to-unity rated power factor (greater than 0.98), low total harmonic distortion in input current (less than 5%), and high conversion efficiency (greater than 96%)     

大功率UVLED分布式驱动技术研究

以工业印刷过程中UVLED固化为应用背景,研究并设计了一种UVLED驱动控制系统。分析了采用分布式驱动的优势,确定了驱动电源采用两级驱动结构,包括前端AC/DC恒压模块和后端DC/DC恒流模块。对该系统的驱动电源模块进行了试验测试和结果分析,试验结果验证了该UVLED驱动控制系统的可行性。     

Starter/generator employing resonant-converter-fed induction machine. I. Analysis

A new procedure to start a jet engine (JE) and to generate power by means of a single induction machine (IM) directly coupled to the turbine is presented. The JE is brought to an initial speed by the motoring operation of the IM. Later, the IM is taken into generating mode and the turbine is applied to its excitation. The turbine catches up and starts to drive the induction generator (IG). The generated power is converted to a three-phase, 400 Hz voltage-regulated bus via a double stage power conversion utilizing a 20 kHz parallel resonant high frequency AC link and pulse density modulated converter technology. Independent of the engine speed, a constant amplitude and constant frequency three-phase voltage-regulated AC bus is formed and maintained by the proper control of the power converters. The feasibility of operation of such a system has been demonstrated in software where the JE turbine is modeled and replaced by a DC machine. An introduction, background, operation principles of the overall system, and the related software simulations are presented and discussed.     

Novel single-phase AC/DC converter with two PWM control schemes

A novel single-phase AC/DC converter with two pulsewidth modulation (PWM) schemes is proposed to draw a sinusoidal line current with nearly unity power factor, achieve balanced neutral point voltage and regulate the DC bus voltage. With the aid of neutral point clamped scheme, a three-level voltage pattern is generated on the AC side of the proposed rectifier. To track the tine current command derived from a voltage controller and a phase-locked loop circuit, a hysteresis current control scheme is used in the inner loop control. A capacitor voltage compensator is employed to achieve the balanced neutral point voltage. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, the simulation and experimental results based on a laboratory prototype circuit are performed.     

Starter/generator employing resonant-converter-fed induction machine. II. Hardware prototype

The feasibility of operation of a new procedure to start a jet engine (JE) and to generate power by means of a single induction machine (IM) directly coupled to the turbine has been shown by means of a hardware prototype. An introduction, background, operation principle of this type of a system and software simulation portion was presented in Part I. Both in software simulation and in the experimental phase of the studies the JE is replaced by a DC machine. The DC machine is brought to an initial speed by the motoring operation of the IM. Later, the IM is taken into generating mode and the DC machine is into motoring mode of operation. This mode would correspond to the turbine catch-up initiation phase and initiate driving phase of the induction generator in the actual world. The generated power is then converted to a three-phase, 400 Hz (in software), 60 Hz (in hardware), 115 V voltage-regulated bus via a double stage power conversion utilizing a 20 kHz parallel resonant high frequency AC link and pulse density modulated converter technology. Independent of the coupled machine speed, a constant amplitude and constant frequency three-phase voltage-regulated AC bus is formed and maintained by the proper control of the power converters.     

逆变电源输出交流电压分段式前馈控制方法研究

为解决水泵三相AC 660 V电机在DC 750~1 250 V下的供电及起动问题,通过开展电机驱动系统设计研究,形成了以两电平主电路结构、电压空间矢量脉冲宽度调制技术和电压/频率恒定控制策略为基础的水泵电机逆变变频控制方案。在方案中针对较宽输入直流电压范围下的输出交流电压控制技术进行了攻关并取得了突破,形成了相应关键技术解决方案。通过水泵负载试验,全面验证了该方案的有效性和可行性。     

Improved DC/AC interface inverter for high-frequency spaceapplications

A DC/AC interface inverter for a high-frequency space power distribution system that uses dual asymmetrical resonant bridges is examined. Compared to the conventional approach in which two symmetrical bridges are used, the asymmetrical bridges arrangement offers better use of the installed kVA rating and efficiency of the inverter system. A simplified approach for modeling the inverter system in steady-state is presented, and a criteria to select the resonant components is given. A detailed simulation is performed for the following: a symmetrical inverter system with a resistive load, an asymmetrical inverter system with a resistive load, and an asymmetrical inverter system with the type-1A AC/DC converter load     

Generic functional modelling of multi-pulse auto-transformer rectifier units for more-electric aircraft applications

The Auto-Transformer Rectifier Unit (ATRU) is one preferred solution for high-power AC/DC power conversion in aircraft. This is mainly due to its simple structure, high reliability and reduced kVA ratings. Indeed, the ATRU has become a preferred AC/DC solution to supply power to the electric environment control system on-board future aircraft. In this paper, a general modelling method for ATRUs is introduced. The developed model is based on the fact that the DC voltage and current are strongly related to the voltage and current vectors at the AC terminals of ATRUs. In this paper, we carry on our research in modelling symmetric 18-pulse ATRUs and develop a generic modelling technique. The developed generic model can study not only symmetric but also asymmetric ATRUs. An 18-pulse asymmetric ATRU is used to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the developed model by comparing with corresponding detailed switching SABER models provided by our industrial partner. The functional models also allow accelerated and accurate simulations and thus enable whole-scale more-electric aircraft electrical power system studies in the future.     

Development of three-phase switch-mode rectifier using single-phase modules

This paper presents a three-phase (3/spl phi/) switch-mode rectifier (SMR) consisting of three 1 /spl phi/ SMRs, two center-tapped autotransformers and three changeover switches. The ac input sides of three modules are /spl Delta/-connected, and their dc output sides are connected in parallel. As any one module fault occurs, the remaining two modules becomes modified T-connected and continuously perform three-phase rectification with good line drawn power quality. When two constituted 1/spl phi/ modules are faulted, the proposed 3/spl phi/ SMR will be operated as 1/spl phi/ SMR. The quantitative and robust voltage regulation controls for the developed SMR are made to consider the effects of changes of system parameters, operating condition, and number of connected modules.     

SPWM逆变器交流瞬时值反馈控制系统分析

针对应用于交直交VSCF飞机电源系统的SPWM逆变器,提出了包含交流电流内环和交流电压外环的双闭环控制系统方案,利用交流瞬时值反馈的波形校正作用使逆变器输出电压波形得以改善。通过对单相1 kVA SPWM逆变器双闭环控制系统的设计分析和实验研究,结果表明:采用交流瞬时值反馈控制的SPWM逆变器具有较好的输出电压波形、动态响应特性和稳态调压精度,对逆变器输入直流电压的变化影响有很好的抑制作用,适合任由永磁无刷直流发电机供电的VSCF电源系统中应用。     

程控三相中频电源的研制

全面分析了三相程控中频电源的原理,深入讨论了其信号源电路、功率放大电路以及接口控制电路的实现方法,提出了三相程控中频电源的详细设计方案.     

集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统

为了消除高峰均功率比低频脉冲负载对有限容量机载交流供电系统的周期性冲击等不利影响,对开关器件进行集成和复用,提出了能够同时提供功率解耦端口和直流输出端口的三端口功率解耦整流器。通过将三端口整流器与DC/DC变换器组合,构造出集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统,实现了直流侧周期性脉动功率和交流源侧功率的解耦,并保证低频脉冲负载正常供电需求。详细分析了三端口整流器的工作原理,提出了与之相适应的功率控制方法和调制策略,基于开关器件分时复用原理,实现了交流端口到两个直流端口的功率传输和分配,并实现了两个直流端口功率切换过程的平滑过渡。实验结果验证了所提三端口脉冲功率解耦整流器的有效性和可行性。     

Electrical power distribution on space based radar satellites

The radar payload on a space-based radar (SBR) satellite could require tens of kilowatts of power distributed to many small loads over a large area. This poses special problems for the power distribution and control system (PDCS). A study that examined the power requirements of an SBR spacecraft is reported. A baseline prime power system, generating about 30 kW, was derived. The proposed distribution network would transmit 240 V at 20 kHz. The voltage would be downconverted in one converter for about 100 transmit/receive modules. The design considerations are discussed, and the baseline PDCS is described     

电磁抛光装置的结构设计及特性研究

介绍了五轴联动磁流变抛光系统中的关键部件———公自转电磁抛光轮的结构设计进行了详细阐述,创造性的将电刷供电方式应用于该新型抛光轮的结构中。设计并开发了直流供电及交流供电两种驱动电源,并开展了抛光去除特性试验研究,对磁流变抛光过程中的主要控制参量直流线圈电压大小对被抛光工件表面材料去除特性的影响进行了研究。     

基于载波调制 PWM的对称六相与三相 PMSM串联系统矢量解耦控制

针对对称六相与三相 PMSM串联系统的解耦控制问题,基于串联系统的数学模型,在二相旋转坐标系下进行了漏感压降补偿,并基于坐标变换和控制量叠加得到了逆变器期望输出。在解耦控制的工程实现方面,充分考虑了逆变器电压、电流限制,提出 1种直流母线电压分配方法,提高了系统运行的可靠性。实验证明,所提控制策略能够实现 2台电机在负载或转速突变情况下的解耦运行。     

永磁驱动重构型车载充电机三相DC/DC变流器的研究

提出了一种新型永磁驱动重构型车载充电机三相DC/DC变流器集成系统。该集成系统将永磁驱动的电机绕组和DC/AC逆变器重构成车载充电机实现电动汽车驱动-充电的集成,具有空间利用率高、充电快速和可靠性高等特点。分析了集成系统的结构和工作原理,推导了充电系统的三相DC/DC变换器数学模型。在此基础上,利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件搭建了驱动-充电集成系统仿真模型,对同步脉宽调制(PWM)控制和交错PWM控制策略进行仿真研究,分析对比了交流侧电压电流、直流侧电机绕组电感电流和直流侧电压波形。仿真结果表明,与交错PWM控制策略相比,同步PWM控制策略下该新型结构充电系统具有更好的运行性能。     

开关点预置三相四线SPWM逆变器研究

脉宽调制型交直交变速恒频电源采用开关点预置SPWM逆变器,该逆变器由三相桥,交流滤波器,中点形成变压器及控制、驱动电路组成。绝缘栅双极性晶体管是一种新型的电力电子器件;应用该器件为功率器件,研制了一套15kVA开关点预置SPWM逆变器。由于对电路各个部分均进行了充分分析和优化设计,实际制作的逆变器具有较小的体积、重量,并具有优越的电性能。     

Low-cost ground-to-ground mobile telemetry link

A frequency modulated UHF telemetry link giving 5 MHz of baseband capacity with carrier to noise ratio exceeding 30 dB is described. The system is intended for ground mobile use and provides more than 1 km of coverage also in moderately obstructed terrain indicating allowable maximum path loss up to 110 dB. The mobile transmitter end uses a sturdy flexible antenna. Typical sensor signals include voltage outputs from accelerometers, strain gauges, and thermistors, but live broadcasting-quality television is also easy to implement. Digital interfacing is accomplished through suitable D/A converters, multiplexers, and coders. Both the transmitter and receiver utilize commercial-off-the-shelf building blocks in order to keep the total cost within acceptable limits.     

大容量直驱风电机组级联直流组网系统设计

传统交流组网风电场系统存在多次电能转换、成本高的问题。针对这个问题,设计了一种大容量直驱风电机组级联直流组网海上风电场系统,其直接将每台机组的直流输出级联形成高压直流进行传输,而无需额外的海上升压站平台。风电机组采用了永磁直驱风力发电机及其变流器,其中变流器包括了AC/DC单元和DC/DC单元,并设计了控制策略,即通过DC/DC单元的占空比调节来实现电流的持续输出和最大功率跟踪。陆基逆变电站采用晶闸管型逆变器,设计了工作模式和控制策略,其主要功能是实现高压直流链路的电压电流调节。最后,基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台,搭建了容量为150 MW的风电场系统进行了仿真计算,计算结果验证了该系统具有较高的鲁棒性和对风速变化的适应性,同时每个机组都能独立的实现最大风能捕获。