Fe元素对TiNi形状记忆合金相变点和力学性能的影响

采用纯度均为99%的Ti,Ni和Fe原材料,在真空电弧炉中熔炼5次,制备出TiNiFe(Fe=2 5%,3 0%和3 5%)3种成分的TiNiFe合金铸锭,经850℃保温24h的真空均匀化处理后,锻造成 7mm的棒材。采用光学金相、电阻法和拉伸试验等方法研究了Fe含量对TiNi形状记忆合金晶粒度、相变温度和力学性能的影响。随着Fe的原子含量由2.5%提高到3.5%,TiNiFe合金的晶粒略有细化,晶粒大小从49μm减小到26μm,马氏体相变温度从-73.5℃下降到-190.0℃以下,抗拉强度和屈服强度也显著提高,延伸率δ没有明显变化。所研制的TiNiFe合金的马氏体相变温度和室温力学性能可满足航空管接头用记忆合金的要求。     

八水氢氧化钡相变材料的强化传热实验

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对八水氢氧化钡相变材料进行热物性分析,总结出一种针对结晶水合盐相变温度与潜热准确可靠的测量方法.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)获得相变材料与金属容器截面腐蚀情况的图像,证明八水氢氧化钡与紫铜有优良的相容性.分别对含/未含泡沫铜的固液相变蓄热体进行实验研究,结果表明:泡沫铜填充使相变材料在固相区内熔化时间减少了26%,增强了相变材料的传热效果,而且将八水氢氧化钡过冷度降低了50%.      

TiNiCu形状记忆合金热机械训练诱发双向记忆效应的DSC曲线特征

利用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了TiNiCu双向记忆弹簧训练过程中热机械训练及退火对合金相变特征的影响。结果表明,训练前升温时,DSC曲线表现出的吸热峰由多个小峰组成,随着训练次数的增加,峰的个数减少,具有稳定双向记忆效应的试样中,升温时只出现一个锐利的峰。这是因为在训练过程中引入特定取向的位错,产生一定的应力场,使得马氏体变体的取向比较一致,相变点基本相同所致。由于位错的引入,引起相变点As和Af下降。训练不同次数的样品400℃退火后,由多个小峰组成的吸热峰合并为一个峰,这是由退火导致热机械训练诱发特定取向的位错恢复引起的。     

PTFE/SGM复合材料熔融结晶行为的研究

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了实心玻璃微珠(Solid Glass Microsplaere)含量对聚四氟乙烯/实心玻璃微珠(PTFE/SGM)复合材料熔融结晶行为的影响,并通过Jeziomy法研究了该复合材料的非等温结晶动力学.结果表明:当SGM含量为15%时,PTFE/SGM复合材料的结晶度达到极大值;SGM对PTFE有异相成核作用,提高了PTFE的结晶速率;SGM含量对PTFE/SGM复合材料的结晶温度没有规律性影响;Jeziorny法可以用于分析PTFE/SGM复合材料的非等温结晶动力学过程;PTFE采取多种结晶机理进行阶段性结晶,而且SGM含量的变化不会改变PTFE的结晶机理.     

氰酸酯／环氧树脂共混体系固化反应

运用DSC对F44酚醛环氧树脂、E51环氧树脂以及有机锡(DBTDL)与氰酸酯共混体系固化行为进行了研究,对固化动力学、固化反应机理及固化反应制度进行了分析.结果表明,利用Kissinger和Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方程计算所得的活化能相近,且三种相近树脂共混体系具有较低的活化能,即具有较高的反应活性.采用T-β外推法近似求得三种氰酸酯共混体系的固化制度.     

具有纳米结构的 VO_2 相变薄膜

采用无机溶胶－凝胶法制备ＶＯ２相变薄膜，该薄膜相变时的电阻（率）突变可达４～５个数量级。并用ＸＲＤ，ＤＳＣ和ＴＧＡ法研究了制膜过程中干凝胶膜的层状非晶纳米结构。通过适当的非晶晶化过程及随后Ｖ２Ｏ５→ＶＯ２转变的真空热处理，可获得带有空洞（ｖｏｉｄ）结构的低密度纳米薄膜，从而使电阻（率）突变特性异常优异     

氧化-还原固化体系对丙烯酸酯胶粘剂固化反应影响的研究

利用差示扫描量热法(DSC),对未加氧化-还原固化体系的丙烯酸酯胶粘剂HCB1和加入氧化-还原固化体系的丙烯酸酯胶粘剂HCB2进行热分析,确定两种不同胶粘剂的固化温度范围,并利用Kissinger,Ozawa和Crane方法计算出HCB1胶粘剂和HCB2胶粘剂的固化反应表观活化能和反应级数,研究和探讨氧化-还原固化体系在丙烯酸酯胶粘剂固化反应中所起到的作用.试验结果表明采用氧化-还原反应的固化体系,可以降低丙烯酸酯胶粘剂固化反应的固化温度和固化反应的表观活化能.     

RFI用环氧树脂固化动力学研究

用DSC研究了RFI工艺用环氧树脂的固化过程,研究表明：该固化反应较复杂,其反应动力学方程为dα/dt=2.27×10^4exp（-4764.65/T）（1-α）^0.861.为RFI用环氧树脂固化工艺的确定提供了理论依据.     

陶瓷基复合材料及其环境障涂层发展现状研究

陶瓷基复合材料(Ceramic Matrix Composites,CMC)具有耐高温、低密度、抗氧化、抗腐蚀、耐磨损等一系列优越性能,被视为新一代高推重比航空发动机高温部件的首选材料。但CMC在应用环境中存在抗水汽氧化性能不足等问题,需要在环境障涂层(Environmental Barrier Coatings,EBCs)的保护下长期服役。首先介绍了陶瓷基复合材料和环境障涂层的整体发展现状,其次分别对陶瓷基复合材料和环境障涂层进行详细论述;综述了陶瓷基体、纤维、界面层和陶瓷基复合材料的研究进展、应用情况以及近些年国内外学者新的研究成果;同时介绍了环境障涂层的研究进展、制备方法,并综述了其失效机理的研究进展;总结了陶瓷基复合材料和环境障涂层当前存在的问题,并对今后研究工作的重点作出了展望。     

Experimental study of partially-cured Z-pins reinforced foam core composites：K-Cor sandwich structures

This paper presents an experimental study of a novel K-Cor sandwich structure rein- forced with partially-cured Z-pins. The influence of pultrusion processing parameters on Z-pins characteristics was studied and the effect of Z-pins on mechanical properties was disclosed. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and optical microscopy （OM） methods were employed to determine the curing degree of as-prepared Z-pins and observe the implanted Z-pins in the K-Cor structure. These partially-cured Z-pins were treated with a stronger bonding link between face sheets and the foam core by means of a hot-press process, thereby decreasing burrs and cracking defects when the Z-pins were implanted into the Rohacell foam core. The results of the out-of-plane tensile tests and the climbing drum peel （CDP） tests showed that K-Cor structures exhibited superior mechanical performance as compared to X-Cor and blank foam core. The observed results of failure modes revealed that an effective bonding link between the foam core and face sheets that was provided from partially-cured Z-pins contributed to the enhanced mechan- ical performances of K-Cor sandwich structures.     

The Two-step Reverse Martensitic Transformations of TiNi Shape Memory Alloy Based on Solution-treatment and Aging

A TiNi-alloy is solution-treated in a vacuum furnace of 6.7×10-3 Pa at 1 223 K for 3.6 ks, and then aged at 773 K for 1.8 ks. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements show that after the heat-treatment, takes place a two-step reverse Martensitic transformation, from which results the two-stage recovery strain in a prestrained Martensitic TiNi-alloy wire during heating. The Vickers microhardness indentation test in cross-sectional areas of the TiNi-alloy wire indicates the compositional heterogeneity between its sur-face layers and its inside. The fact that the sizes of the indentation in surface layers smaller than those in the inside bears witness to the existence of slightly harder surface layers. It is believed that these phenomena are related to the compositional fluctuation caused by the evaporation and oxidization of Ti-element during the solution-treatment and heterogeneity formed during the subsequent aging treat-ment.     

Fracture Behavior of TiNi Based Shape Memory Alloy Cold-rolled Tube

The microstructures and interfacial characteristics of matrices at the inwalls and the out-walls of the cold-rolled tube with different amounts of deformation were investigated by the scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the optical microscope (OM), and the trans-mission electronic microscope (TEM) techniques. It was observed that as the amount of deformation increases, the flaws nucleate at the out-walls of the cold rolled tube, the stress-induced martensites change from (111 ) type Ⅰ twins to (011) type Ⅱ twins and then to (100) compound twins, nanocrystals and bulk amorphisation happen, the high density dislocation causes stress concentration at the out-walls of the Ti50Ni50 cold-rolled tube, and then precipitates its fracture, and the Ti2Ni particles strengthen the grain boundaries and curb the dislocation movements during plastic deformation. The inhomogeneity level of the grains in the Ti50Ni50 alloy plays an important role on the fracture of the Ti50Ni50 cold rolled tube.     

Fe和Nb对TiNi形状记忆合金环双程记忆效应的影响

研究了预变形和热循环对Ti50.8Ni49.2及加入Fe和Nb后合金环的双程记忆应变影响。结果表明:在马氏体状态进行10.4%~13.8%的预变形,TiNi合金环随循环次数增加,双程记忆应变增大,在13.8%预变形和4次循环得到4.15%最大值;加入Fe和Nb后,在10.71%~15.18%的变形范围,合金环的双程记忆应变先增后降,其最大值分别为3.14%和2.56%。在变形量和循环次数相同时,TiNi合金环的记忆应变最高,当变形量和循环次数超过12.50%和2以后,TiNiFe合金环的双程记忆应变快速上升,其双程记忆应变超过TiNiNb合金环的。     

含SMA纤维的复合材料层合板的应力集中实验与分析

 由于具有形状记忆效应, 埋入复合材料层合板中的形状记忆合金纤维, 相变后将产生很大的回复应力, 不仅改善了整个承载结构的机械性能, 而且改变了危险区域的应力分布, 降低了应力集中程度。针对带孔的复合材料层合板, 通过拉伸实验及测定应力集中因子, 说明形状记忆合金纤维对于承载复合材料构件孔边附近区域的应力集中有很好的抑制作用, 孔边应力集中因子最大可降低9%。     

The Influence of Co Addition on Phase Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of TiNi Alloys

The influences of Co-addition on phase transformation behavior and mechanical properties of TiNi alloys were investigated. Re- sults indicate that, as a substitute for Ni, Co added to TiNi alloys can dramatically decrease the martensite transformation temperature, and R phase transformation and martensite transformation are accordingly separated. When Co-content reach 10 at.%, the martensite transformation temperature is lower than that of liquid nitrogen. During deformation at room temperature, Ti50Ni48Co2 alloy exhibits good ductility with a lower stress plateau caused by stress-induced martensite and martensite reorientation.     

TiNiMo形状记忆合金的相变、形状记忆效应与力学性能研究

研究了TiNiMo形状记忆合金的相变特性、形状记忆效应和力学性能,结果表明:TiNiMo合金存在一个R相变,Mo的加入降低了TiNi合金的马氏体相变开始温度（Ms）,Ti50Ni48.5Mo1.5和Ti50Ni48Mo2.0合金的Ms分别达到了-85℃,-103℃,这两种合金分别在8.51%和8.26%的预应变下获得了8.06%和7.71%的形状记忆效应。Ti50Ni48Mo2.0合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为589MPa和799MPa,比Ti50Ni48Fe2.0的相应强度分别高73%和31%,同时Ti50Ni48.5Mo1.5的力学性能也较为优异,因而TiNiMo合金是很有发展潜力的新型的记忆合金接头材料。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cross-rolled Ti50Ni47Fe3 Shape Memory Alloy

The microstructures, the phase transformation characteristics, and the mechanical properties of the Ti50Ni47Fe3 alloy in as-forged and as-cross-rolled states were investigated. It is found that, after cross-rolling, the phase transformation temperature （Ms） of the alloy decreases drastically and the grains get refined. Moreover, its yield strength and fracture strength after cross-rolling hit 540 MPa and 687 MPa respectively, up by about 200 MPa over those in as-forged state.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cross-rolled Ti_(50)Ni_(47)Fe_3 Shape Memory Alloy

The microstructures, the phase transformation characteristics, and the mechanical properties of the Ti50Ni47Fe3 alloy in as-forged and as-cross-rolled states were investigated. It is found that, after cross-rolling, the phase transformation temperature (Ms) of the alloy decreases drastically and the grains get refined. Moreover, its yield strength and fracture strength after cross-rolling hit 540 MPa and 687 MPa respectively, up by about 200 MPa over those in as-forged state.