攻击移动目标的末制导导弹命中概率评估方法

针对攻击移动目标的末制导导弹的命中概率评估问题,深入分析了影响导弹精度的各类误差源,研究了目标机动特性对末制导雷达捕获概率的影响,提出了打击任意形状目标的命中概率计算模型。以慢速移动目标——舰船为例进行了仿真分析,结果表明提出的命中概率评估方法能够有效融合多源信息,评估结论符合工程实际。     

舰船纵摇突变对舰面流场的影响

舰船在海上航行时会受到海浪的影响而产生横摇、纵摇等不同方向上的运动,同时海浪的随机性也会造成舰船摇摆参数发生变化,扰乱舰面流场,增加舰载直升机在甲板上方作业的危险性.为了保障舰载直升机在舰船上的起降和其他甲板作业的安全性,现基于两栖攻击舰的简化模型,通过计算流体力学方法,在纵摇状态下对舰面流场进行数值模拟,将不规则的纵...     

反舰导弹对小目标攻击能力分析方法

反舰导弹单发命中概率是导弹攻击目标能力的核心体现。文章从影响命中概率因素分析人手,系统分析了目标特性对导弹末制导雷达捕捉概率和自导概率的影响,搭建了导弹武器系统对不同种类目标命中能力的函数关系,给出了反舰导弹对小目标攻击能力的理论计算分析方法,并通过实例验证了该方法的实用性,为靶场开展反舰导弹攻击小目标性能评定奠定了基础。     

基于层次分析法的导弹命中点选择研究

导弹对目标命中点进行选择是提高导弹对目标攻击效率的有效方法。以导弹对通讯大楼进行攻击为例,通过邀请专家填写调查表,综合分析专家意见,应用层次分析法(AHP)确定导弹对通讯大楼攻击时的命中点选择顺序。     

中远距空空导弹导引头系统仿真及误差分析

针对中远距空空作战,建立了中远距空空导弹的飞行仿真模型,给出了导弹攻击目标的全过程,并给出了攻击结果,即脱靶量和目标杀伤概率的计算方法。在分析末制导阶段导弹雷达工作过程的基础上,分析了导引头误差对测量目标信息及导弹飞行过程和攻击结果的影响。最后,使用Visual Studio 2010和OpenGL进行了空空导弹的全过程飞行仿真,验证了模型的正确性和有效性。     

气动力与推力矢量控制近距击顶弹道研究

针对某型反坦克导弹从顶部攻击近距离目标存在的空气动力控制不足的问题,探讨了在导弹初始飞行段采用推力矢量控制的可行性,并对有推力矢量控制的近距击顶飞行弹道进行了分析研究,最,通过计算机数字仿真,进行了弹道飞行仿真计算。结果表明,所提方法改善了导弹飞行弹道特性,提出了导弹机动性能和对近距离目标攻击的效果,并有利于减少最小射程。     

对敌舰攻击所需发射导弹数量的算法

针对导弹饱和攻击所需发射导弹数量现行算法中存在的问题,分析了饱和攻击时导弹命中概率与导弹发射数量的关系.建立了命中概率随导弹发射数量变化的动态计算模型,最后给出了计算饱和攻击所需发射导弹数量的一种新算法.     

高弹道导弹靶试命中域确定方法

根据高弹道导弹研制总要求中规定的命中概率指标,通过其影响因素和典型舰船目标特性分析,提出了靶船在什么样的几何尺寸下能达到指标要求的命中精度,即确定导弹命中域的方法。基于该方法,可通过蒙特卡洛仿真,在模拟目标上检验高弹道导弹的命中概率。     

无导引头也无惯导导弹的协同制导

为了在不依赖导弹间实时通信与导弹绝对位置信息的情况下实现无导引头也无惯导导弹的"发射后不管",考虑为无导引头也无惯导导弹安装两个捷联探测器,从而可对有导引头导弹上的两个特定目标点进行探测。在此基础上,针对静止点目标分别采用一般的负反馈控制方法以及有限时间收敛原理设计了2种协同末制导律,并针对静止面目标采用动态逆控制设计了1种协同末制导律。上述协同制导律均可在有导引头导弹命中目标前实现无导引头也无惯导导弹的速度方向指向其攻击目标,而此后无导引头也无惯导导弹只需要作直线运动即可命中其攻击目标。仿真结果验证了上述协同制导律的有效性以及优势。     

基于BP神经网络的飞行时间快速计算方法

为快速计算弹道导弹的飞行时间,首先分析了影响弹道导弹飞行时间的各因素,并重点仿真分析了不同发射点纬度、射程、大地方位角对飞行时间变化的影响规律,提出了基于BP神经网络快速计算弹道导弹飞行时间的方法,并仿真验证了该方法的有效性。该方法适用于多枚导弹进行火力协同攻击或饱和攻击时,快速计算不同导弹的飞行时间。     

跨音速喷管流场波系分布的数值仿真

应用分离系数矩阵方法对跨音速喷管流场进行数值仿真, 同时计算喷管内马赫波分布。采用5151个网格点的计算结果清晰反映出喷管内膨胀波和压缩波的生成和反射。数值仿真与实验结果在宽广马赫数范围内吻合一致, 并揭示了波系分区分布, 反映出波系影响下跨音速喷管流场参数分布的规律性。      

进口斜激波、膨胀波干扰下等直隔离段内的激波串特性

 超燃冲压发动机的隔离段在实际工作中会受到进气道唇罩激波及肩部膨胀扇的显著干扰,本文针对这一特定问题进行了专门研究。提出了唇罩入射激波及肩部膨胀扇的模拟方法,并利用德国Achen的风洞试验对其进行了检验,而后以此研究了入射激波及肩部膨胀扇干扰下隔离段内激波串的基本形态,并分析了出口反压和激波入射位置的影响。仿真结果表明：当激波串在隔离段内不断前移时,受唇罩入射激波及其反射激波的干扰,其高速核心区交替地偏向上下壁面;与无激波入射的情况相比,此时激波串的耐反压能力显著降低,且入射点位置越高,降低幅度越大,管道内的沿程静压分布规律与Waltrup经验公式偏离程度也越来越大。该文结果可为进气道/隔离段的一体化设计提供依据。     

Stability and waves of transonic laboratory and space plasmas

The properties of magnetohydrodynamic waves and instabilities of laboratory and space plasmas are determined by the overall magnetic confinement geometry and by the detailed distributions of the density, pressure, magnetic field, and background velocity of the plasma. Consequently, measurement of the spectrum of MHD waves (MHD spectroscopy) gives direct information on the internal state of the plasma, provided a theoretical model is available to solve the forward as well as the inverse spectral problems. This terminology entails a program, viz. to improve the accuracy of our knowledge of plasmas, both in the laboratory and in space. Here, helioseismology (which could be considered as one of the forms of MHD spectroscopy) may serve as a luminous example. The required study of magnetohydrodynamic waves and instabilities of both laboratory and space plasmas has been conducted for many years starting from the assumption of static equilibrium. Recently, there is a outburst of interest for plasma states where this assumption is violated. In fusion research, this interest is due to the importance of neutral beam heating and pumped divertor action for the extraction of heat and exhaust needed in future tokamak reactors. Both result in rotation of the plasma with speeds that do not permit the assumption of static equilibrium anymore. In astrophysics, observations in the full range of electromagnetic radiation has revealed the primary importance of plasma flows in such diverse situations as coronal flux tubes, stellar winds, rotating accretion disks, and jets emitted from radio galaxies. These flows have speeds which substantially influence the background stationary equilibrium state, if such a state exists at all. Consequently, it is important to study both the stationary states of magnetized plasmas with flow and the waves and instabilities they exhibit. We will present new results along these lines, extending from the discovery of gaps in the continuous spectrum and low-frequency Alfvén waves driven by rotation to the nonlinear flow patterns that occur when the background speed traverses the full range from sub-slow to super-fast. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Stochastic acceleration of charged particle in nonlinear wave field

Possibility of stochastic acceleration of charged particle by nonlinear waves is investigated. Spatially regular (SR) and spatiotemporal chaotic (STC) wave solutions evolving from saddle steady wave are tested as the fields. In the non-steady SR field the particle is finally trapped by the wave and averagely gains its group velocity, while in the STC field the particle motion displays trapped-free phases with its averaged velocity larger or smaller than the group velocity depending on the charge sign. A simplified model is established to investigate the acceleration mechanism. By analogy with motor protein, it is found that the virtual pattern of saddle steady wave plays a role of asymmetric potential, which and the nonlinear varying perturbation wave are the two sufficient ingredients for the acceleration in our case. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Recent Developments in Magnetospheric Diagnostics Using ULF Waves

One of the most ubiquitous indicators of the state and topology of the magnetosphere are ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves. These may be continuously and inexpensively monitored from the ground using networks of magnetometers. The most robust measurable quantity provided by magnetometer networks is signal phase and this paper emphasizes the usefulness of this parameter in a variety of ULF wave diagnostic processes ranging from equatorial to high latitudes. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Some Observational Evidence of Alfven Surface Waves Induced Magnetic Reconnection

The surface wave induced magnetic reconnection (SWIMR) model based on Alfven Resonance theory will be discussed briefly both for collisional and collisionless plasmas. It is shown that the spatial scales and time delays associated with Flux Transfer Events and Pulsed Ionospheric Flows, as observed by satellites and SuperDARN radars and the magnetic bubbles, observed at the high latitude boundary of the magnetopause, can be explained by the SWIMR model. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

前缘钝化对高超声速飞行器气动特性的影响

为解决前缘钝化后由于外形的变化引起周围流场改变,导致激波形状发生变化而影响飞行器气动特性的问题,对前缘钝化后的吸气式高超声速飞行器气动特性进行了研究。对比分析了前缘钝化对吸气式高超声速飞行器气动特性的影响,得出了吸气式高超声速飞行器气动性能参数随着钝化半径的变化规律。研究结论可为乘波构型的高超声速飞行器一体化设计提供一定的依据。     

隔板截面造型对超声速膨胀器流场及性能的影响

采用三维雷诺平均N-S方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,在设计工况下对3种隔板截面形状的超声速膨胀器的三维流道流场进行了数值研究.结果表明:矩形截面形状的超声速膨胀器近吸力面区域气流速度大,斜激波之后流动损失低,等熵绝热效率较高;正梯形截面形状的超声速膨胀器出口平均绝对马赫数、静压比以及膨胀比大,综合性能相对最优;角区附面层分离、回流形成的低速气流团以及斜激波所导致高速气流的增压过程是出口流动损失的主要来源;优化隔板沿径向的结构,超声速膨胀器的综合性能有望进一步提高.      

Shocks: Commonalities in Solar-Terrestrial Chains

Shocks are found throughout the heliosphere, wherever supersonic (or super-magnetosonic) flows encounter obstacles or other, slowly moving, media. Although some of the physical parameters are in different regimes, all shocks heat and decelerate the media incident upon them. Most shocks must propagate in a collisionless plasma, thereby adding importance to the particle interactions with the electromagnetic fields, and enabling some particles to be accelerated to high energies. This paper explores the commonalities, and differences, in shocks throughout the heliosphere, and concentrates on the role of shock microstructure in effecting the shock transition and in governing the resulting energy partition amongst the constituent species. Shocks play a significant role in the solar-terrestrial chain.