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在搜索状态建模和求解一阶搜索状态方程的特征迹线解的基础上,建立了对随机运动进行离散时间探测的发现概率最优控制模型,结合动态规划原理给出一种最优探测点序列的逼近算法,并给出了短时计算的算法简化形式。在满足一阶搜索状态方程的随机恒速目标条件以及有限指数探测函数条件下,将给出的算法及其简化形式应用到算例。算例表明,当随机恒速运动目标初始位置和速度均服从圆正态分布时,该算法及其简化形式均能够由任意给定的初始探测点序列优化收敛到满足精度要求的最优探测点序列。 相似文献
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为实现多无人机高效捕获灰色任务区域内的移动目标,考虑传感器探测概率与虚警概率,提出了重访机制驱动的协同搜索规划(RMD-CSP)方法,以降低目标遗漏与误判概率。考虑无人机飞行性能约束,以最大化任务执行效能为目标建立多无人机协同搜索模型。根据目标先验信息初始化环境搜索信息图(包括目标概率分布图、环境不确定度图与环境搜索状态图),利用无人机实时探测信息,基于贝叶斯准则持续更新搜索信息图。定制基于环境不确定度更新的重访机制,通过增加长时间未被重访区域的环境不确定度,引导无人机搜索该区域,降低移动目标的遗漏概率;定制基于目标函数权重更新的重访机制,引导无人机快速重访发现新的疑似目标的区域,对疑似目标进行再次确认,减少由于传感器虚警概率造成的目标误判概率。采用滚动时域规划架构,将搜索规划问题分解为一系列短时域规划问题,提升了求解效率。在典型任务想定下,通过数值仿真试验验证了所提方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,RMD-CSP能够在秒级时间内生成每个时域的搜索航迹,相比于光栅式搜索方法与标准的概率启发式搜索方法,能够引导无人机捕获更多的移动目标,同时减少误判次数,有效提升了多无人机协同搜索的任务效能。 相似文献
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针对机动目标跟踪巾扩展卡尔曼算法(EKF)收敛速度慢、跟踪精度低的问题,基于粒子滤波(PF)和辅助粒子滤波(APF)的基本思想,结合目标先验信息将速度约束条件加入到跟踪过程巾,对辅助粒子滤波算法进行了仿真分析,与扩展卡尔曼进行仿真对比,分析了跟踪性能和误差。仿真结果表明,对机动目标跟踪问题,辅助粒子滤波不仅解决了扩展卡尔曼线性化困难难题,与EKF相比还具有收敛速度快,跟踪精度高的优点。 相似文献
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基于自适应容积卡尔曼滤波的非合作航天器相对运动估计 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
《航空学报》2014,(8)
针对目标星无信息传递以及无特征光点的非合作目标交会对接问题,提出了一种利用立体视觉的相对运动估计方法。由于测量装置安装在非质心位置时,CW方程描述的卫星相对运动所存在的误差不能忽略,因而通过给出适用于椭圆轨道和圆轨道下的一般耦合模型,来描述姿态运动对位置运动的影响。为了克服模型的严重非线性以及噪声统计特性时变的问题,提出了基于Sage-Husa噪声估计器的自适应滤波器。仿真表明:该算法能够适应测量噪声统计特性随时间变化的情况,具有较高的相对运动估计精度。 相似文献
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针对飞行器再入轨迹多目标优化问题,提出了一种基于粒子群算法与层次分析法的综合求解策略。首先,根据飞行器的动力学模型以及再入约束条件,建立了飞行器多目标优化模型;然后,考虑到粒子群算法只能求解无约束单目标问题,采用罚函数处理飞行过程中的约束条件和优化目标;最后,针对不同约束及目标的权重对再入轨迹的影响,利用层次分析法建立包含主观评估信息的优化模型,采用粒子群算法优化求解满足相应约束条件的再入轨迹问题。仿真结果表明,该方法所生成的优化轨迹具有较高的精度和计算效率,并对设计者的主观需求有良好的体现。 相似文献
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与地基空间目标监视系统相比,天基观测系统具有监视范围广,不受国界限制,观测精度高等优点,是未来空间目标观测技术的重要发展方向。但天基观测航天器工作时,相机转台的运动,太阳能帆板挠性部件的弹性振动与航天器的姿态运动相互影响,构成强耦合的非线性系统,传统的控制方案无法实现对这类天基观测航天器的高精度姿态控制。文章针对某一空间观测航天器的任务要求,设计了基于干扰观测器的前馈补偿航天器姿态控制系统,仿真实验结果表明:姿态角控制精度小于 0.06°,姿态角速度精度小于 0.03(°)/s,达到了精度要求。 相似文献
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基于自适应IMM的高超声速飞行器轨迹预测 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
为了给基于预测命中点法的高超声速飞行器中制导拦截提供先验知识,提出高超声速飞行器的轨迹预测方法。首先,给出高超声速环境下与目标姿态近似线性的气动参数;其次,针对气动参数作控制量的运动模型,设计自适应交互多模型(IMM)跟踪算法,并进行性能有效性验证;然后,根据气动参数特性和目标假设机动方式,设计基于最小二乘拟合的轨迹预测方法。通过对目标轨迹进行跟踪和预测仿真,预测100 s的位置误差均小于5 km,速度误差均小于100 m/s,结果表明基于自适应IMM的轨迹预测方法对有规律机动的目标进行轨迹预测,效果良好。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(3):1093-1106
The rotational motion of a tumbling target brings great challenges to space robot on successfully capturing the tumbling target. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the target’s rotation to a rate at which capture can be accomplished by the space robot. In this paper, a detumbling strategy based on friction control of dual-arm space robot for capturing tumbling target is proposed. This strategy can reduce the target’s rotational velocity while maintaining base attitude stability through the establishment of the rotation attenuation controller and base attitude adjustment controller. The rotation attenuation controller adopts the multi-space hybrid impedance control method to control the friction precisely. The base attitude adjustment controller applies the dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix to stabilize the base attitude. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) The compliant control method is adopted to achieve a precise friction control, which can reduce the target angular velocity steadily; (2) The dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix is applied to stabilize the base attitude without affecting the target capture task; (3) The detumbling strategy of dual-arm space robot is designed considering base attitude stabilization, realizing coordinated planning of the base attitude and the arms. The strategy is verified by a dual-arm space robot with two 7-DOF (degrees of freedom) arms. Simulation results show that, target with a rotation velocity of 20 (°)/s can be effectively controlled to stop within 30 s, and the final deflection of the base attitude is less than 0.15° without affecting the target capture task, verifying the correctness and effectiveness of the strategy. Except to the tumbling target capture task, the control strategy can also be applied to other typical on-orbit operation tasks such as space debris removal and spacecraft maintenance. 相似文献
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Pre-impact trajectory planning for minimizing base attitude disturbance in space manipulator systems for a capture task 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国航空学报》2015,(4)
Aimed at capture task for a free-floating space manipulator, a scheme of pre-impact trajectory planning for minimizing base attitude disturbance caused by impact is proposed in this paper.Firstly, base attitude disturbance is established as a function of joint angles, collision direction and relative velocity between robotic hand and the target.Secondly, on the premise of keeping correct capture pose, a novel optimization factor in null space is designed to minimize base attitude disturbance and ensure that the joint angles do not exceed their limits simultaneously.After reaching the balance state, a desired configuration is achieved at the contact point.Thereafter, particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is employed to solve the pre-impact trajectory planning from its initial configuration to the desired configuration to achieve the minimized base attitude disturbance caused by impact and the correct capture pose simultaneously.Finally, the proposed method is applied to a 7-dof free-floating space manipulator and the simulation results verify the effectiveness. 相似文献
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In this paper, we consider the coordinated attitude control problem of spacecraft formation with communication delays, model and disturbance uncertainties, and propose novel synchronized control schemes. Since the attitude motion is essential in non-Euclidean space, thus, unlike the existing designs which describe the delayed relative attitude via linear algorithm, we treat the attitude error and the local relative attitude on the nonlinear manifold-Lie group, and attempt to obtain coupling attitude information by the natural quaternion multiplication. Our main focus is to address two problems:1) Propose a coordinated attitude controller to achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver, i.e., synchronize multiple spacecraft attitudes and track a time-varying desired attitude; 2) With known model information, we achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver with disturbances under angular velocity constraints. Especially, if the formation does not have any uncertainties, the designer can simply set the controller via an appropriate choice of control gains to avoid system actuator saturation. Our controllers are proposed based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii method and simulation of a spacecraft formation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of theoretical results. 相似文献
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研究在角速度不可测时航天器的有限时间姿态控制问题。基于有限时间控制技术,提出了由修正Rodrigues参数进行姿态描述的航天器输出反馈姿态控制算法。首先设计了单个航天器的输出反馈姿态控制器,在没有角速度反馈时也能够保证航天器姿态在有限时间内调节到期望姿态。之后,设计了无需绝对角速度和相对角速度信息的多航天器分布式输出反馈姿态控制器。使用Lyapunov理论和图论,对闭环系统全局有限时间稳定性进行了严格的证明。最后对提出的控制算法进行了数值仿真,其结果验证了所设计的航天器输出反馈控制算法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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Target motion modes have a close relationship with the relative orientation of missile-totarget in three-dimensional highly maneuvering target interception. From the perspective of relationship between the sensor coordinate system and the target body coordinate system, a basic model of sensor is stated and the definition of relative angular velocity between the two coordinate systems is introduced firstly. Then, the three-dimensional analytic expressions of relative angular velocity for different motion modes are derived and simplified by analyzing the influences of target centroid motion, rotation around centroid and relative motion. Finally, the relationships of the relative angular velocity directions and values with motion modes are discussed. Simulation results validate the rationality of the theoretical analysis. It is demonstrated that there are significant differences of the relative orientation in different motion modes which include luxuriant information about motion modes. The conclusions are significant for the research of motion mode identification,maneuver detection, maneuvering target tracking and interception using target signatures. 相似文献