基于表观断裂韧性的Ⅰ-Ⅱ型复合断裂准则分析

以Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型裂纹结构为研究对象,对紧凑拉伸剪切试样(CTS)的剩余强度及开裂方向进行了理论分析及试验研究,推导出了仅与CTS结构加载角度相关的破坏载荷公式,并建立有限元模型(FEM),获取结构的表观断裂韧性值,试验验证了模型的可行性。通过对比不同断裂准则在开裂角、临界载荷及复合断裂韧度方面的工程适用性,表明基于von Mises应力的复合型断裂准则更有利于工程分析,为结构的承载能力评估提供了技术支持。     

含MSD铝合金平板的剩余强度试验研究

针对飞机结构中日趋显著的多部位损伤(MSD)问题,进行含多部位损伤铝合金平板结构剩余强度的试验研究.试验中使用三种不同的试验件,将其在相同应力水平下预制出一定长度的多条裂纹后拉断,记录断裂时的载荷.试验结果与常用的五种评估含多裂纹结构失效准则进行计算分析和对比,了解各个准则的准确程度.最后的对比表明,五种估算剩余强度的方法中,净截面失效和裂纹尖端张开位移法误差较大,断裂力学估算方法对于有显著主裂纹的情况更适用,塑性区连通和平均应力准则预测的偏差较小.     

机身加筋壁板环向裂纹损伤容限试验与分析

机身壁板是飞机结构中的主要承力构件,也是损伤的主要产生部位,研究机身加筋壁板的裂纹扩展规律和剩余强度特性具有重要意义。在轴向拉伸载荷作用下,对含环向裂纹的机身加筋壁板进行损伤容限试验;利用ANSYS有限元软件对试验件进行应力强度因子分析,估算裂纹扩展寿命;基于线弹性断裂力学准则和线弹性断裂力学加塑性修正准则,计算剩余强度特征曲线,并对比分析计算结果和试验结果。结果表明:计算得到的裂纹扩展寿命与试验结果的相对误差为6.3%,满足工程要求;线弹性断裂力学加塑性修正准则估算的剩余强度更为合理,误差仅为2.6%,且偏安全。     

镍基高温合金紧凑拉伸试样侧槽优选研究及试验

为了获得平直的紧凑拉伸(Compact Tension,CT)试件裂纹扩展前缘,对带侧槽CT试样的侧槽进行参数化表征,采用有限元方法研究侧槽对裂纹尖端应力强度因子的影响规律,对CT试样的侧槽进行优选。获得了使CT试样裂纹尖端应力强度因子沿厚度方向方差小于0.1(MPa·m1/2)2的侧槽形状。与标准CT试件裂纹扩展试验对比,结果表明,优选的带侧槽CT试件沿厚度方向裂纹扩展更为均匀,方差为标准CT试件的30%。为了研究电位法经验公式计算带侧槽CT试样裂纹长度的适用性,进行了对比分析。结果表明,对于带侧槽CT试件,利用非线性公式计算的裂纹长度与试验结果误差最小,不超过0.7%。优选侧槽CT试样裂纹扩展更平直;电位法测量带侧槽CT试件裂纹长度,非线性公式计算裂纹长度的误差更小。     

高速旋转发动机叶片模型的断裂力学分析

建立了带裂纹平板叶片的断裂力学模型.首先由已知参考均布载荷下的应力强度因子,得到了带裂纹叶片的权函数;然后根据权函数思想,推导出了高速旋转叶片裂纹尖端处的应力强度因子公式;最后,由断裂准则给出了叶片飞断时临界转速的估算方法.算例研究表明,裂纹的深度和位置对裂纹尖端处的应力强度因子和叶片飞断时的临界转速有很大的影响.      

含多处损伤未加筋铝合金壁板的剩余强度

 进行了含多处损伤（MSD）的未加筋LY12CZ铝合金壁板的剩余强度试验。用0.12的钼丝切割预制裂纹,在垂直于裂纹面的方向施加单调增加的拉伸载荷,直至壁板破坏。得到了含不同裂纹几何的未加筋壁板的剩余强度。试验结果表明随着主裂纹长度增加,未加筋壁板的剩余强度减小;对相同的主裂纹长度,主裂纹和相邻的MSD裂纹之间的距离b减小,平板的剩余强度也减小。用5种失效准则分别计算了每个壁板的剩余强度。与试验结果的比较表明,净截面屈服准则和表观断裂韧性准则的误差较大,塑性区连通准则预测的平均误差为22.17%,改进的表观断裂韧性准则的平均误差为16.98%,而改进的塑性区连通准则预测的平均误差为8.27%,改进的塑性区连通准则大大提高了预测结果的精度。     

多处损伤平板的剩余强度研究

进行了多处损伤平板的剩余强度试验,用净截面屈服准则、塑性区连通准则和修正的断裂韧性准则分别计算了MSD平板的剩余强度,并把预测结果与试验进行了对比。结果表明对不同的主裂纹长度和不同的韧带长度,净截面屈服准则预测结果的误差较大,而且偏危险;塑性区连通准则对较长的韧带预测结果的误差较小,而修正的断裂韧性准则对较短的韧带预测的误差较小。研究了不同的主裂纹长度对平板剩余强度的影响,主裂纹长度的增加使平板的剩余强度减小。     

多位损伤铝合金平板剩余强度分析

针对飞机铝合金结构出现的多位损伤(MSD)问题,本文开展了含多位损伤铝合金平板试样的剩余强度试验研究.采用工程常用的8种不同剩余强度准则对MSD试样的剩余强度进行预测,并与试验结果进行对比,以评价各项预测准则的准确性.研究显示,对于本试验选用的材料和试样形式,Swift准则和平均应力准则相比其他准则取得了较好的预测效果...     

6156-T4铝合金焊接加筋薄壁结构剩余强度评估的CTOD方法

为保证飞机设计满足损伤容限性能要求,有必要对其进行剩余强度评估。针对6156-T4铝合金焊接连接薄壁结构进行了R曲线和剩余强度试验,判断了裂纹扩展经过筋条时的裂纹扩展路径,测量了母板和筋条两个方向的裂纹扩展速率,并采用不同的断裂准则和分析方法对单及双跨度多个初始裂纹长度焊接加筋薄板的剩余强度进行了预测。结果表明:裂纹扩展在经过筋条时,同时沿着母板和筋条继续扩展,筋条上的裂纹扩展方向垂直于母板且两个方向的裂纹扩展速率基本相同;采用净截面屈服准则进行剩余强度预测时会低估这种韧性较好的焊接连接薄壁结构的剩余强度;基于SINTAP-FITNET评价体系,以裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD-δ5)作为裂纹尖端弹塑性表征参量进行剩余强度预测时,预测结果比采用K曲线预测方法精度高。     

基于剩余强度和裂纹扩展寿命模型的可靠性分析

对剩余强度可靠性模型和裂纹扩展寿命可靠性模型进行比较分析,结果表明,两种模型在理论上是相容的,但两种模型在物理意义上是不同的,剩余强度模型是根据结构剩余强度与载荷之间的关系,比较直观地给出了结构可靠性的计算方法,即通过在载荷谱作用下裂纹尖端应力强度因子应小于材料的断裂韧度建立安全余量。裂纹扩展寿命模型是根据裂纹扩展寿命小于给定的寿命建立安全余量从而计算可靠性的方法,由于裂纹扩展寿命不如裂纹长度直观,可以通过寿命与裂纹长度的关系,转化到根据裂纹长度求解可靠度。由于剩余强度可靠性模型表达式较复杂,可以考虑对该模型的求解采用Monte-Carlo模拟法,免去了复杂的推导过程,对裂纹扩展寿命可靠性模型的求解采用了均值一次二阶矩法,该方法省去了繁琐的计算过程,近似求解可靠度,并能保证一定的精度。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.