激光熔覆制备金属间化合物抗冲蚀涂层

采用同轴送粉方法,激光熔覆制备了WC增强Ni3Al金属间化合物基复合涂层,通过试验,优化了工艺参数,对激光熔覆涂层的成分、组织和硬度进行了测试和分析.结果表明,激光熔覆涂层无裂纹和气孔,与基体形成良好的冶金结合,WC颗粒的添加显著提高了涂层硬度.     

Ni基合金／γ-TiAl基合金的超塑扩散连接

通过对Ni基合金进行激光熔覆γ TiAl基合金涂层处理,对γ TiAl基合金进行激光表面熔凝处理,将异种合金间的连接转化为具有相似显微组织特征的同种合金间的连接。研究了Ni基合金激光熔覆涂层的显微组织特征,探讨了激光表面改性处理和连接温度对Ni基合金/γ TiAl基合金扩散连接质量的影响。结果表明,激光表面改性技术提高了Ni基合金/γ TiAl基合金的连接质量。在连接温度900℃,连接压力60MPa,连接时间1h的连接条件下,可实现Ni基合金/γ TiAl基合金的连接。     

TC4表面钛基激光熔覆层中WC熔解行为及摩擦学性能

WC是有效提升TC4合金表面摩擦学性能的熔覆合成材料之一,但其易在涂层中残留未熔颗粒,影响涂层的质量与性能。本研究采用同轴送粉激光熔覆技术,在TC4表面制备5%,10%和15%（质量分数/%）WC的TC4+WC钛基耐磨涂层,分析研究涂层的宏微观组织、显微硬度及摩擦学性能,重点揭示WC在熔池中的熔解和残留机制。结果表明：WC添加未影响涂层生成相种类,析出相主要包括原位TiC和基体相α-Ti、β-Ti,其中TiC与涂层中残留WC颗粒形成了共格包覆镶嵌结构相,阻止WC在熔池中的进一步熔解,导致WC在涂层中产生残留、团聚现象;WC添加量与涂层显微硬度呈正相关分布;随着材料体系中WC含量逐渐增加,涂层耐磨性能逐步提高,三个WC添加量涂层磨损率较TC4基材分别下降了约21.1%、38.2%和56.1%,但残留WC导致涂层摩擦磨损过程产生局部应力集中,摩擦学性能出现明显波动。     

Ti-6Al-4V合金表面激光制备高温耐蚀涂层的研究

以在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面激光制备高温耐蚀涂层为目标,研究了以激光熔覆的方法在Ti-6Al-4V合金基体上合成制备钛铝化物基原位自生TiC颗粒增强的复合材料涂层以及钛-钼系耐蚀钛合金涂层,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计等分析了两种涂层的形貌、显微组织、相组成、显微硬度分布等特征.     

TiC-TiB2复合相钛基稀土激光熔覆层组织与性能

采用通快同轴送粉4002光纤激光器,在TC4表面熔覆制备了不同含量Y₂O₃的TC4+Ni45+Co-WC+Y₂O₃钛基复合耐磨涂层。采用XRD、SEM、EDS、EPMA测试研究了涂层微观组织,利用显微硬度计、摩擦磨损实验机和白光轮廓仪分析评价了涂层的显微硬度和摩擦学性能。结果表明,涂层生成相不随Y₂O₃含量变化而改变,主要包括Ti₂Ni、TiC、TiB₂以及α-Ti;未添加Y₂O₃涂层,生成相尺寸粗大,方向性明显;随着Y₂O₃的加入,涂层组织逐步细化,生成相方向性减弱;当Y₂O₃为3wt%时,涂层析出相以颗粒和短棒状相为主,合成了大量TiC-TiB₂依附生长复合相,经二维点阵错配度计算,TiB₂（0001）与TiC （111）错配度δ为0.912%,TiC与TiB₂形成了共格界面,可有效增加涂层组织分布均匀性;Y₂O₃含量为0wt%、1wt%和3wt%时,涂层显微硬度逐渐减小,磨损体积先增大后减小,摩擦系数逐渐降低;在TiC-TiB₂复合相的作用下,3wt% Y₂O₃涂层的耐磨、减摩性最优,涂层磨损机理为磨粒磨损。     

激光熔覆制备WCp/Ni-Si-Ti复合涂层

在Ni基高温合金表面预置3种不同WC含量的Ni78Si13Ti9(at%)粉末,采用激光熔覆制备了WC和原位自生TiC复相陶瓷增强Ni3(Si,Ti)基复合涂层.利用扫描电镜、能谱分析仪和X射线衍射仪对熔覆层组织进行分析,并测量了其显微硬度.结果表明,熔覆层与基体呈冶金结合,熔覆层组织主要由Ni(Si)固溶体、Ni3(Si,Ti)金属间化合物和WC-TiC复相陶瓷组成.随WC添加量增加,涂层中复相陶瓷含量增多;孔隙率增大;碳化物形态演变历程为不规则状、花瓣状以及不规则状和花瓣状共存.     

45钢表面激光熔覆Ni20合金粉末的抗冲蚀性能

利用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备了Ni20合金熔覆层,通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射等方法,研究涂层相及冲蚀形貌,采用HV-1000型显微硬度计测试熔覆层截面显微硬度,利用自制冲蚀设备对Ni20合金熔覆层耐冲蚀性能进行研究,并得出研究结论。     

激光快速制备Tix Aly-TiN复合涂层

采用激光气体氮化与同步送粉相结合的工艺方法,在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面原位合成了Tix Aly-TiN复合涂层。通过XRD,SEM,OM,EDS,显微硬度测试等手段研究了该复合涂层的物相组成、显微组织、元素分布及显微硬度。结果表明：涂层主要由TiN和Tix Aly 金属间化合物组成;沿激光熔深方向TiN含量下降;Tix Aly 金属间化合物含量上升;涂层无裂纹和孔隙,厚度较均匀,涂层与基体间形成良好的冶金结合;沿激光熔深方向N、Al元素的分布均匀;涂层显微硬度得到显著提高,且从涂层到基体逐渐降低。     

采用激光熔覆技术生产高速线材轧辊的工艺研究

采用激光熔覆技术生产高速线材轧辊是一种新的轧辊生产工艺.使用大功率CO2激光器,采用同步送粉法,在钢坯表面熔覆厚度适当、性能优异的钴基合金层作为轧辊的工作表面,熔覆层硬度和抗弯强度接近粉末烧结的硬质合金辊环性能.在激光熔覆制造热轧辊的过程中,钴基合金开裂倾向大,解决熔覆层开裂是制造轧辊的关键问题.本课题选取最佳工艺参数及熔覆顺序,采用特制的加热炉进行预热及后热处理,激光熔覆获得了无裂纹的熔覆层,实现了激光熔覆生产热轧辊的目的.     

Ni基合金与γ-TiAl基合金的固态连接规律研究

通过对Ni基合金进行激光熔覆γ-TiAl基合金涂层处理,对γ-TiAl基合金进行激光表面熔凝处理,提出了一种采用激光表面改性技术和超塑扩散连接相结合的Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金连接新技术。研究了合金激光改性层的显微组织特征,探讨了Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金固态扩散连接的规律。结果表明:激光表面改性技术提高了Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金的连接质量,合金通过激光表面改性处理后,采用连接温度850℃、连接压力60MPa、连接时间1h的连接条件及900℃保温0.5h连接后续热处理,实现了Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金的连接。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.