基于半跨模式波的铝合金板底面缺陷TOFD检测

采用超声衍射时差法（TOFD）检测铝合金板底面缺陷时，受直通波脉冲宽度影响存在近表面盲区。提出了TOFD半跨模式波法进行盲区抑制，利用一次底面反射波在缺陷端点处衍射波的特征及其在B扫查图像中的对称性推导底面缺陷定深公式。仿真和实验结果表明，对于厚度为7.0 mm的铝合金板，在探头中心距为40 mm、中心频率为10 MHz的检测条件下TOFD半跨模式波法能将近表面盲区抑制64%以上，且深度不小于2.0 mm底面缺陷的定位误差不超过6.32%。与模式转换波及TOFD-W波相比，半跨模式波不会与底波混叠且离直通波较近，在铝合金板底面缺陷检测中适用性较强。     

超声TOFD检测技术在航空维修中的应用

某型发动机风扇一级盘由于凸台倒圆处存在划伤、裂纹等故障,一般对凸台倒圆处进行拉削,但当拉削后的凸台倒圆处再出现径向裂纹时,使用常规超声纵波、横波反射方法无法进行检测,只能使用超声衍射时差法(Time of Flight Diffraction,TOFD)检测技术进行检测。本文介绍了TOFD检测原理,通过合理选择TOFD探头频率、楔块材料、晶片尺寸、倾斜角度,制作专用探头,确定仪器参数,完成了风扇一级盘凸台倒圆处径向疲劳裂纹的检测任务。     

复合材料T-形R区超声反射法检测与缺陷判别

R区缺陷的检测是碳纤维复合材料结构中无损检测的焦点,针对此问题,以T-形R区为例,通过研究入射超声波在复合材料结构T-形R区产生回波信号及其特征,在典型超声检测试验验证分析基础上,提出了一种适用于复合材料结构T-形R区在线超声检测方法。系列超声检测与验证结果表明:采用水膜耦合超声检测技术,通过选择不同的声波入射方向,可有效地实现复合材料结构中T-形R区的覆盖检测;根据来自T-形R区的超声回波信号的时域特征可有效地进行缺陷的判别和确定检出缺陷所在铺层位置;表面检测盲区可达0.13mm(即单个复合材料铺层厚度)。解剖验证结果显示了超声检测结果与实际工艺缺陷的良好一致性。     

无损检测在航空发动机维修中的应用

航空发动机维修中最常用的无损检测方法有磁粉检测、渗透检测、涡流检测、超声检测、射线检测和内窥镜检查等。前3种方法主要用于被检物的表面及近表面缺陷检测,后3种方法主要用于被检物内部的缺陷检测。     

浅谈超声衍射时差法(TOFD)检测技术

介绍了TOFD的基本原理、系统参数的设置、缺陷定性定量分析以及TOFD的优点和局限性,为TOFD检测技术的应用、推广提供参考.     

热障涂层表面裂纹水浸超声检测

为有效检测热障涂层(TBCs)表面裂纹,进行了热障涂层表面裂纹水浸超声检测技术的应用研究。以常用的大气等离子喷涂(APS)热障涂层作为试验材料,采用水浸超声检测回波声程差和C扫描图像对不同深度、宽度和长度的热障涂层表面裂纹进行了表征。结果表明:热障涂层基体材料对热障涂层表面裂纹的检测效果无明显影响;通过优化检测参数和合理选用仪器探头,利用水浸超声方法可实现对热障涂层表面深度为0.1 mm、长度为2 mm裂纹的有效检测;水浸超声检测技术可以获得裂纹的长度、深度参数,是解决热障涂层表面裂纹检测问题的有效方法。      

航空航天用增材制造金属结构件的无损检测研究进展

增材制造技术成形工艺的特殊性给无损检测带来了新的挑战,存在各向异性和检测盲区大等问题。为此,国内外研究者开展了增材制造金属结构件的无损检测方法研究。简要概述增材制造技术在航空航天领域的应用情况,同时结合无损检测各方法应用特点,介绍针对增材制造金属结构件的超声、射线、工业CT和荧光渗透等多种无损检测方法的应用和研究现状,分析总结了相关无损检测标准,并指出了增材制造金属结构件无损检测未来的发展方向,即高精度无损检测技术、原位监测方法和标准化体系的构建。     

复合材料高分辨率RF超声检测技术及其应用

通过分析脉冲超声波在复合材料中传播形成的检测信号特征,采用高分辨率RF超声检测技术实现了纤维增强/树脂基复合材料高分辨率缺陷检测.结果表明,采用该技术纵向分辨率和表面检测盲区可达0.13mm左右,可得到复合材料中孔隙率含量的清晰分布,实现复合材料冲击损伤、分层等缺陷的扫描成像检测.     

薄壁铝管超声自动检测及其系统研制

介绍一一种镜像表面的薄壁铝管的超声检测方法及其自动化检测系统。     

超声显微检测系统在涂层检测中的应用研究

主要介绍了超声显微检测系统的组成及原理，采用超声显微检测系统对特种涂层的内部质量进行了超声检测的应用研究。结果表明：该系统能检测出涂层内部的裂纹、气孔、涂层与基体脱粘等缺陷。采用超声瑞利波声透镜，可有效检测出涂层表面及亚表面的缺陷。检测过程中实时显示被测样品的A、B、C三种扫描图像，缺陷检测结果直观。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.