A 12 years brazilian space education activity experience

A multidisciplinary group of students from the university and latter also from the high school was formed in 1988 with the objective to make them put in practice their knowledge in physics, chemistry and mathematics and engineering fields in experimental rocketry. The group was called “Grupo de Foguetes Experimentais”, GFE.Since that time more than 150 students passed throw the group and now many of them are in the space arena.The benefits for students in a space hands-on project are many:

1. More interest in their school subjects is gotten as they see an application for them;

2. Interrelation attitudes are learned as space projects is a team activity;

3. Responsibility is gained as each is responsible for a part of a critical mission project;

4. Multidisciplinary and international experience is gotten as these are space project characteristics;

5. Learn how to work in a high stress environment as use to be a project launch.

This paper will cover the educational experiences gotten during these years and how some structured groups work. It is explained the objectives and how the group was formed. The group structure and the different phases that at each year the new team passes are described. It is shown the different activities that the group uses to do from scientific seminars, scientific club and international meetings to technical tours and assistance to rocket activities in regional schools.It is also explained the group outreach activities as some launches were covered by the media in more then 6 articles in newspaper and 7 television news.In 1999 as formed an official group called NATA, Núcleo de Atividades Aerospaciais within the Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL, by some GFE members and teachers from university. It is explained the first group project results.     

固体助推发动机技术研究进展及总体需求分析

随着固体助推发动机技术在航天运输领域的应用,运载火箭对航天动力系统的需求不断提升。美国、欧洲、日本、印度等国家和地区均发展并应用了固体助推发动机技术,并呈现出大推力、低成本、高可靠的技术特征。在总结国外固体助推发动机技术研究进展和发展趋势的基础上,从顶层规划、总体设计、工艺实现等方面提出了未来固体助推发动机技术的总体需求,为我国固体助推发动机技术发展方向提供参考。后续,发动机研制应在运载火箭总体与动力联合优化的基础上,持续开展性能提升和关键技术攻关。     

影响教学质量的原因分析及相应对策

本文对我院有代表性的部分学生学习成绩进行了统计对比，对造成学生学习成绩下降、学风不良的各种原因作了较为系统的分析，并提出了相应对策。指出学风建设和提高教学质量的重要性，它关系到高等教育培养目标能否实现，关系到学校的生存及进一步发展。     

从社会功能角度看大学班级管理

根据教育社会学理论分析，班级具有社会化功能、选择功能、个性化功能和保护功能。大学中班级仍然是学生学习知识技能、接受思想道德教育的基本单位，其社会化、选择、个性化和保护功能有独特的内容和作用机制。在班级管理中做到教育管理与学生自治相结合、专业教育与生涯规划相结合、生活指导与心理保健相结合，充分发挥班级社会功能，完善大学班级管理，促进学生全面发展。     

微射流技术的原理及其应用

介绍了微射流技术的原理及其初步应用。基于非线性系统的演化对初始条件具有敏感依赖这个事实发展起来的微射流技术，由于与常规持续喷射射流控制方式相比具有许多优点，因而在流动和换热控制应用方面取得明显的效果。并指出，随着研究工作的深入，该项技术还可望用于高马赫数飞行体表面气体流动控制、火箭发动机推力方向控制等。     

氢氧火箭发动机组件研制阶段可靠性技术综述

氢氧火箭发动机是火箭的"心脏",必须具备极高的可靠性,才能够保证发射成功.国内外针对氢氧火箭发动机开展了大量的可靠性工作.在发动机的研制阶段,通常是按照自下而上的思路,从组件的失效机理出发,开展稳健设计和试验验证,来保证氢氧火箭发动机的高可靠性.组件的可靠性工作主要是基于失效机理开展分析、监测、试验验证和设计改进;同时...     

Sounding rocket experiment of bare electrodynamic tether system

An overview of a sounding rocket, S-520-25th, project on space tether technology experiment is presented. The project is prepared by an international research group consisting of Japanese, European, American, and Australian researchers. The sounding rocket will be assembled by the ISAS/JAXA and will be launched in the summer of 2009. The sounding rocket mission includes two engineering experiments and two scientific experiments. These experiments consist of the deployment of bare electrodynamic tape tether in space, a quick ignition test of hollow cathode system in space, the demonstration of bare electrodynamic tether system in space, and the test of the OML (orbital-motion-limit) current collection theory.     

Near-critical fluids under microgravity : status of the eseme program and perspectives for the iss

Started 16 years ago, the ESEME program has led to a number of important findings. We note a simple and unified view of phase transitions, which has been applied to the development of biological patterns, and a very fast thermalization mode that we coined the “piston effect”. This effect has been applied to control the cryogenic reservoirs of the Ariane 5 rocket. All these findings have been obtained thanks to the good coordination of the ESA and CNES space facilities and the construction of high technology experimental modules. The future of the program is linked to the CNES DECLIC facility and the ESA Fluid Science Laboratory (FSL). DECLIC has been designed to increase the temperature regulation above the critical point of water (550 K) so as to investigate chemical reactions under conditions of supercritical water, and in relation to the promising applications of waste treatment by supercritical oxidation. Thanks to the construction of a special vibrational Experiment Container for FSL, the thermal and mechanical behavior of fluids under forced vibration can be investigated. The results of such studies will help to estimate the effect of g-jitter on fluids, and control gases and liquids in space.     

运载火箭发射场无人值守加注发射技术研究

针对我国火箭在发射场射前操作项目多、保障人员多的问题，分析了国内外火箭发射场无人值守加注发射的现状。结合火箭射前状态，从火箭系统、地面测发控系统和发射场系统等方面提出了无人值守加注发射总体方案，通过火箭状态远程监测及故障处理技术、连接器零秒脱落技术、箭地接口组合连接技术、连接器自动对接技术和火工品自动短路保护与解保技术等关键技术研究，可提高人员和产品的安全性，为后续我国火箭实现无人值守加注发射提供参考。     

激发学习兴趣 培养创新意识

激发大学生的学习兴趣,对于提高高校电子技术的教学水平,促使学生养成终身学习的良好习惯,提升其生活质量都有着极其重要的现实意义。根据学生心理特征和教材特点激发和培养学生学习电子技术的兴趣,从而培养其创新意识。     

滚转状态下卷弧翼火箭弹气动特性的数值模拟

采用滑移网格技术对卷弧翼火箭弹的滚转特性进行数值模拟,并对模拟所得的马格努斯力与风洞实验数据进行分析比较。误差分析证明了滑移网格技术模拟火箭弹滚转特性的准确性;模拟结果与风洞实验数据对比表明,采用细长体外形效果显著,升阻力系数受滚转特性影响较小,因而在本次模拟的火箭弹滚速下,可不考虑滚转来模拟火箭弹的升力系数和阻力系数,得出火箭弹滚转运动对气动参数的影响。     

新一代运载火箭增压输送系统交叉输送技术研究

介绍了液体运载火箭和航天飞行器推进剂交叉输送技术的概念。分析了贮箱间和管路间两种交叉输送系统的原理和工作特点，以及国外如美国第二代航天飞机、三级并联火箭飞行器、宇宙神运载火箭，以及欧空局阿里安4LP运载火箭采用的交叉输送技术。阐明了交叉输送连接器和交叉增压等关键技术。对所研制的蝶型活门进行的气动螺栓分离和气动分离，以及以水为介质的交叉输送系统小比例系统试验结果表明，两种分离方案均能实现可靠分离，系统工作正常。推进剂交叉输送技术可用于改善捆绑式运载火箭和航天飞机的布局和性能。     

中国航天主动力液体火箭发动机技术进展（英文）

Liquid propellant rocket engines for a launch vehicle are an essential aerospace technology, representing the advanced level of hi-tech in a country. In recent years, China's aerospace industry has made remarkable achievements, and liquid rocket engine technology has also been effectively developed. In this article, the development processes of China's liquid rocket engines are discussed. Then, the performance features of China's new generation liquid rocket engines as well as the flight tests of the new-generation launch vehicles are introduced. Finally, the development direction and the most recent progress of the next generation large-thrust liquid rocket engine is presented.     

液体火箭发动机健康监控技术研究现状

液体火箭发动机健康监控技术是改进和提高运载火箭、航天器可靠性与安全性的核心技术之一,对其进行研究具有重要的学术价值和工程应用价值。液体火箭发动机健康监控技术的研究主要包括液体火箭发动机故障检测与诊断理论方法、液体火箭发动机健康监控系统两方面。该文介绍了基于模型驱动的方法、基于数据驱动的方法和基于人工智能的方法,阐明了液体火箭发动机故障检测与诊断理论方法的研究现状,通过对美国液体火箭发动机典型健康监控系统的介绍,阐明了液体火箭发动机健康监控系统研究的若干进展及现状,并对液体火箭推进系统健康监控技术的演变趋势作了简要评述。     

激发学习兴趣 培养创新意识

激发大学生的学习兴趣,对于提高高校电子技术的教学水平,促使学生养成终身学习的良好习惯,提升其生活质量都有着极其重要的现实意义。根据学生心理特征和教材特点激发和培养学生学习电子技术的兴趣,从而培养其创新意识。     

登月舱用深度变推下降级发动机系统方案研究

在我国的载人登月技术方案中,为实现软着陆,登月舱需要一种大推力、高性能、多次起动,能够大范围变推力的泵压式发动机.通过研究国外登月用下降级发动机技术发展现状和趋势,基于我国氢氧发动机和低温推进剂空间贮存水平,进行了深度变推发动机的系统方案研究;通过分析比对燃气发生器循环和膨胀循环系统优缺点,确定发动机系统方案为涡轮串联闭式膨胀循环;采用空间可长时间贮存的液氧/甲烷推进剂组合,可满足任务周期要求;根据推力深度调节时对各组合件性能要求,确定喷注器燃烧稳定技术和燃烧室身部传热技术是深度变推发动机研制的核心关键技术.     

偏二甲肼组分变化对火箭发动机稳态工作性能的影响

通过建立液体发动机稳态工作模型与热力计算模型,利用最小二乘优化与迭代计算的方法,仿真研究了被空气部分氧化的偏二甲肼(UDMH)对泵压式液体火箭发动机的影响规律。结果表明,随着UDMH中二甲胺、偏腙和水含量的增加,推进剂混合比略有升高,发动机推力、燃烧室压强和燃烧室温度等参数有较明显下降。与传统地单纯分析推进剂能量性能相比,此方法更能准确表征在火箭发动机系统复杂的调节机制作用下,变质推进剂对发动机工作性能的影响。     

Suborbital and low-thermospheric experiments using sounding rockets in Taiwan

The suborbital flight is a kind of flight, which reaches the space and then comes back to ground without completing one orbital revolution. The atmospheric thermosphere extends from 85 km to 600 km in altitude. Therefore, the suborbital and low-thermospheric experiments to be performed at altitude below 300 km can be combined using the sounding rocket. These experiments include rocket staging, fairing separation, ultrasonic flight, reentry, aerobrake and recovery test, ultraviolet and ionization observations, ozone measurement, etc. The advent of Taiwan's sub-orbital and thermospheric experiments project can be traced back to 1997. This is the year Taiwan's National Space Organization (NSPO) was assigned to be responsible for procuring the sounding rocket for applications in science experiments and space technology research effort. From 1997 to 2010, 8 launches have been completed including one experimental hybrid rocket. All onboard instruments and sensors for sub-orbital and low-thermospheric experiments are developed and integrated by the domestic universities. More launches have been planned in the future. Opportunities for international cooperation in developing new instruments and payloads for future experiments will be possible.     

Earth remote sensing as an effective tool for the development of advanced innovative educational technologies

Current educational system is facing a contradiction between the fundamentality of engineering education and the necessity of applied learning extension, which requires new methods of training to combine both academic and practical knowledge in balance. As a result there are a number of innovations being developed and implemented into the process of education aimed at optimizing the quality of the entire educational system. Among a wide range of innovative educational technologies there is an especially important subset of educational technologies which involve learning through hands-on scientific and technical projects. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of educational technologies based on small satellites development as well as the usage of Earth remote sensing data acquired from these satellites. The increase in public attention to the education through Earth remote sensing is based on the concern that although there is a great progress in the development of new methods of Earth imagery and remote sensing data acquisition there is still a big question remaining open on practical applications of this kind of data. It is important to develop the new way of thinking for the new generation of people so they understand that they are the masters of their own planet and they are responsible for its state. They should desire and should be able to use a powerful set of tools based on modern and perspective Earth remote sensing. For example NASA sponsors “Classroom of the Future” project. The Universities Space Research Association in United States provides a mechanism through which US universities can cooperate effectively with one another, with the government, and with other organizations to further space science and technology, and to promote education in these areas. It also aims at understanding the Earth as a system and promoting the role of humankind in the destiny of their own planet. The Association has founded a Journal of Earth System Science Education. Authors describe an effective model of educational technology developed in the Center for Earth Remote Sensing of Bauman Moscow State Technical University and based on scientific and educational organizations integration in the field of applied studies. The paper also presents how students are being trained to acquire and process satellite imagery data from Terra and Aqua satellites. It also reveals the results of space monitoring for Russia's ecologically complex regions conducted by Bauman Moscow State Technical University students in cooperation with specialists from the Laboratory for Aerospace Methods of Moscow State University named after M. Lomonosov.     

一种通用型箭载数据采集传输设备的设计与实现

本文结合国内外运载型号的发展趋势,梳理现役火箭遥测系统的应用需求,实现了一种基于VPX （新一代高速串行总线标准）总线架构的通用型箭载数据采集传输设备设计方案,对其关键技术如结构标准化技术、总线通用化技术、模块化技术等进行了重点分析。该方案对箭上设备的系统架构状态进行统一,大幅度提升设备的性能、集成度和通用性,满足型号未来应用需求,在航天领域具有广阔的发展前景。本文最后给出了该通用型箭载数据采集传输设备相比现役产品的优势。