Prediction of solar particle event proton doses using early dose rate measurements

A methodology for predicting solar particle event doses using Bayesian inference is being developed. As part of this development, we have tested criteria for categorization of new solar particle events (SPE) using calculated asymptotic doses and dose rates for the 22 SPEs that occurred in 2001. In 9 out of 22 events, our criteria for categorization would have over-predicted the range of asymptotic doses in which the tested events would have fallen. In two cases, our methodology under-predicted the dose range in which the event would have fallen. In order to better predict a new event's group category and thus, to better restrict the Bayesian inference predictive model parameter space, we have reexamined our dose rate criteria for categorization of new events. We report the updating of the grouping criteria using data from the 22 SPEs of 2001, as well as five additional SPEs. Using the revised grouping criteria, we present an analysis of group categorization prediction results for the first ten SPEs of 2002.     

基于有效准则矢量生成的成像调度方法

进行高效成像调度是卫星控制的一项重要任务。通过将成像需求序列对应为有向图中的成像路径,结合成像调度问题特点,基于多个优化准则使用支配关系对成像路径质量进行综合评价,提出有效准则矢量生成算法。利用成像有向图的拓扑特性,基于时间顺序顶点选择策略进行顶点标记更新,生成出有向图中所有的有效准则矢量及每个准则矢量对应的一条Pareto优化路径。实验结果表明,获得的有效准则矢量数目小,算法可以在较短时间内得到多条具有代表性的优化成像路径,满足卫星成像调度的时间和性能要求。     

基于湿热老化试验的NEPE推进剂贮存寿命预估

用NEPE推进剂进行湿热加速老化试验获得了推进剂在不同湿热老化条件下抗拉强度和弹性模量随老化时间的变化规律,建立了推进剂湿热老化失效物理模型,并提出了将弹性模量作为失效判据预估推进剂贮存寿命的方法。分别用抗拉强度和弹性模量作为失效判据,对推进剂贮存寿命进行估算。结果表明：将弹性模量作为失效判据预估NEPE推进剂贮存寿命的方法可行。     

What do nations want from international collaboration for space exploration?

From 2006 to 2007 14 space agencies developed a Global Exploration Strategy outlining the rationales, goals, and timelines for space exploration. As more nations gain support for exploration programs and begin executing missions, the informal meetings of the Global Exploration Strategy ‘partners’ should be formalized through the establishment of a new international collaboration mechanism for space exploration. This paper outlines a set of desirable criteria a new collaboration mechanism should meet to encourage participation by the major space powers. The criteria were developed by synthesizing information from interviews with space agency representatives, government representatives, and space policy professionals from 10 of the Global Exploration Strategy countries. The criteria give an insight into the current requirements for international collaboration in space exploration.     

挠性双自旋卫星的姿态稳定判据

本文建立了挠性双自旋卫星的姿态稳定性判据。挠性双自旋卫星由半刚性平台、转子以及固连于平台的挠性附件组成,选择由姿态角和模态坐标表示的系统的相对能量函数为Liapunov函数,由此建立的姿态稳定判据由两个部分组成,即忽略附件弹性运动时,半刚性双自旋卫星的姿态稳定条件和附件振动频率所应满足的条件。文中还给出了具体的应用例子。     

航天器喷气姿态机动分力合成抑制模态选取准则

针对利用喷气执行机构实现航天器姿态机动时柔性附件的振动抑制问题,以期望的姿态指向精度及稳定度为约束,提出了需要抑制的系统模态阶次选取准则。仿真验证模型由绕单轴旋转的中心刚体及柔性附件组成,应用拉格朗日法建立适用于不同附件位置的系统动力学方程,利用准则设计了常幅值分力合成控制力矩。仿真结果验证了所提出准则的有效性,并表明：在姿态机动前若能适当调整柔性附件的位置,将便于分力合成控制器设计,易于获得较高的姿态指向精度及稳定度,且利于减少喷气次数。     

用于发动机涡轮盘叶片加工的夹具设计

介绍了用于加工发动机涡轮盘叶片夹具的设计准则,并给出了采用矢量三角函数和VC软件计算夹具极限偏差的公式及其判别依据,采用该准则设计的夹具用于涡轮盘叶片加工,产品满足设计要求,并通过了发动机热试车考核。     

小天体不规则度与光学导航质心提取及应用

针对深空自主导航的小天体"形心和光心"提取问题,提出了小天体不规则度的概念,并给出了定义.小天体不规则度可以度量小天体形状和亮度的不规则程度,并作为不规则小天体质心提取方法的选取准则.首先提出了基于小天体不规则度的图像处理方法选取准则,进而针对形状不规则程度较大的小天体,提出一种基于最小外接图形的不规则小天体形心提取方...     

基于环境压强下NEPE固体推进剂双剪强度准则

基于双剪强度理论和已有的NEPE固体推进剂强度试验资料,提出了一个NEPE固体推进剂双剪强度准则的推广形式,探讨了该双剪强度准则相关参数的选取问题,验证了该双剪强度准则的合理性。研究表明,多轴应力状态下NEPE固体推进剂强度与应力相关,八面体剪应力随平均主应力的增加呈非线性增加;NEPE推进剂的破坏强度随拉伸速率的增加而提高。     

液体火箭发动机工艺与过程关键特性研究

介绍了确定液体火箭发动机制造工艺和过程关键特性的方法。运用FMECA法分析和研究了液体火箭二级发动机设计关键特性、工艺关键特性和过程关键特性,识别出三类关键特性242项,在此基础上总结出了液体火箭发动机工艺关键特性与过程关键特性判别准则,即策划与甄别准则。该准则可有效推进液体火箭发动机的精细化管理,为发动机成熟度进一步提升打下了基础。     

C/C复合材料开孔强度研究及典型连接应用

针对C/C复合材料热结构的开孔和连接问题进行了相关研究。测试了开孔板的强度性能并分析了点应力准则的适用性,结果表明直接采用孔边应力来评估开孔和连接强度将明显偏于保守。测试了C/C开孔的挤压强度特性,对不同的影响参数进行了分析。在此基础上完成了典型连接的开孔设计和强度试验。     

液体火箭发动机动态燃烧稳定性评定研究

动态燃烧稳定性评定是液体火箭发动机燃烧稳定性鉴定考核的重要途径之一。通过调研国内外液体火箭发动机动态稳定性评定研究的相关资料,并结合CPIA655关于稳定性评定的准则,详细阐述了动态燃烧稳定性评定的研究内容,重点分析了不同扰动方法和动态压力测量的特点,并指出了动态燃烧稳定性评定的基本准则和关键技术。     

运载火箭遥测数据智能判读算法应用

在运载火箭高发射密度、高判读需求、高数据量的背景下，现有自动化判读的判据覆盖率不全、判据编写门槛高、耗时多的问题日益凸显，缺少较通用的算法对传统判读算法未覆盖的判读任务进行判读补充，进而影响运载火箭效果评估与系统性能评定。为充分挖掘海量遥测数据中隐含的参数变化规律，设计智能判读算法作为传统算法的有益补充，提升传统判读的判读覆盖率和判读效率。以液体运载火箭长期加电试验产生的遥测数据为研究对象，设计集成神经网络智能判读算法，在给出的判读指标下研究得出，集成神经网络在频率异常、丢帧等五种现有判据难以描述的判读场景下，判读性能提升30%，提高了现有判据的覆盖率，后续可为判读体系完善和智能判读落地提供研究参考。     

Computer search of variants for vehicle system composition synthesis

The design experience of vehicles systems composition synthesis is summerized. Some engineering techniques are suggested, which give an opportunity to solve the problems of a composition synthesis by means of a computer. These techniques are based on the following principles: construction of statistical models for the analysis of criteria behaviour; using of methods of the theory of extreme values statistics for the evaluation of the criteria limiting values; deriving of suboptimum variants groups; using of heuristic procedures for a cyclic correction of the search process in order to specify the range of boundary solutions for the problems with several criteria; using of a probabilistic appraisal for an estimation of search results; construction of educating algorithms using a fine for the variable values (composition variants); clearing up in the course of a dialogue process the interaction of an engineer with a computer.As in the design practice no requirements are extended to the algorithms of vehicle system characteristics design, that is why it is not possible at the stage of design solutions search to use the known recommendations worked out for the problems of linear, non-linear and dynamic programming.     

Integrating local multi-criteria evaluation with spatially explicit uncertainty-sensitivity analysis

The conventional methods of Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) fail to account for local variability in criteria values and criteria preferences, disregarding local influence in spatial decision making. Moreover, understanding the interaction between MCE model input and output has paramount importance in terms of the level of confidence in the model results and their subsequent use in decision making. This research contributes to spatial MCE methodology by articulating the presence of uncertainty included in criteria weights and extending a local MCE technique with a spatially explicit uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. The article presents a methodology for multi-criteria evaluation extended by an integrated uncertainty-sensitivity analysis and illustrates it on the example of a land prioritization model for conservation practices.     

采样式成像系统中混叠影响的初步研究

由于采样的固有局限性 ,绝大多数可见和红外的采样式成像系统都存在着不同程度的频率混叠 (或者虚假响应 )问题。伴随着对高分辨率遥感图像的追求 ,采样式成像系统中混叠对图像质量的影响程度一直是人们所关心的问题 ,并提出了不少混叠的量化及容忍程度的方法和标准。文章采用Shade提出的混叠标准 ,对当今的IKONOS、Quickbird、Pleiades等卫星上的高分辨率空间相机进行了仿真和计算 ,分析了这些采样式成像系统中频率混叠的程度 ,并就得到的理论结果提出了建议和看法     

运载火箭加速度计反馈主动减载实施效果评价

针对运载火箭加速度计反馈主动减载实施效果评价,提出一种基于主动减载姿态动力学稳态分析的评价方法,在传统的“载荷侧滑角”评价指标基础上增加了“姿态偏差”、“摆角需求”和“弹道偏离”评价。稳态分析中考虑了结构干扰的偏置效应以及质心运动对风的抵消效应,重点推导了风切变对于火箭姿态动力学特征参数的影响机理。某型号案例分析结果表明,在典型“平稳风+切变风”风场作用下,主动减载技术在4项评价指标上均取得理想实施效果,并且显著缓解风切变导致的姿态参数快变现象。     

Trades and problems in the definition of the Columbus operation concept

This paper describes rationale, criteria and resulting concepts and problematics related to Columbus/Space Station operations.Its content, whilst acknowledging basic operational principles developed by NASA, is based on ESA and European National studies and its conclusions illustrate a consistent and coherent European approach.Starting with the European experience in unmanned and manned operations, the essential new features of the operation of the foreseen manned orbital infrastructure are briefly described. The main aspects governing the approach to future space operations design and implementation are highlighted and criteria for assessing this implementation are discussed.This is followed by illustrative discussion of how specific operational functions can be implemented.Problems and unresolved issues are also identified. rf;)     

从"目的论"来看翻译标准

论文通过大量的实例分析目的论的科学性和可操作性，认为翻译标准不是一元的，而是多元。     

Role of the astronaut in operating the Advanced Fluid Physics Module

The role of man in space is investigated in the operation of the Advanced Fluid Physics Module (AFPM), a scientific instrument dedicated to fluid physics research in a microgravity environment and flown on the Spacelab D2 mission. The astronaut involvement is addressed by applying the criteria of the THURIS study, conducted by NASA for the optimization of future manned space flights. Outcomes of the THURIS study are first summarized. The AFPM characteristics and interfaces are briefly presented. The five experiments performed on board Spacelab D2 are introduced and the involvement of the astronaut is described. Finally, THURIS criteria are applied to an AFPM experiment scenario. Results show that, of all the activities involved in the AFPM nominal operation, two thirds are related to hardware manipulation and to procedure following, while the last third uses the unique astronaut intellectual capabilities, making his presence in orbit mandatory for successful experiment completion.