共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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China has carried out four unmanned missions to the Moon since it launched Chang'E-1, the first lunar orbiter in 2007. With the implementation of the Chang'E-5 mission this year, the three phases of the lunar exploration program, namely orbiting, landing and returning, have been completed. In the plan of follow-up unmanned lunar exploration missions, it is planned to establish an experimental lunar research station at the lunar south pole by 2030 through the implementation of several missions, laying a foundation for the establishment of practical lunar research station in the future. China successfully launched its first Mars probe on 23 July 2020, followed in future by an asteroid mission, second Mars mission, and a mission to explore Jupiter and its moons. 相似文献
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月尘环境效应及地面模拟技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了月球尘的特点及其对探月活动的影响。在分析月球尘环境及其对月面探测器污染、磨损、阻塞、静电效应的基础上,对月球尘环境模拟技术、月球尘扬尘及其运动学和动力学规律、月球尘效应防护及试验评价方法等研究方向和重点提出了一些初步看法。针对研究内容的需求,梳理出一台完整的月球尘地面模拟试验设备应具备真空、温度、太阳风、太阳紫外、月球尘、月面电场、月面磁场等环境因素。在此基础上,设计了一种月球尘地面模拟试验装置方案,并对月球尘环境效应试验方法进行了初步讨论。为月球探测后期任务条件保障建设及相关研究工作提供参考。 相似文献
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Yanwei Li Ralf Srama Hartmut Henkel Zoltan Sternovsky Sascha Kempf Yiyong Wu Eberhard Grün 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
One of the highest-priority issues for a future human or robotic lunar exploration is the lunar dust. This problem should be studied in depth in order to develop an environment model for a future lunar exploration. A future ESA lunar lander mission requires the measurement of dust transport phenomena above the lunar surface. Here, we describe an instrument design concept to measure slow and fast moving charged lunar dust which is based on the principle of charge induction. LDX has a low mass and measures the speed and trajectory of individual dust particles with sizes below one micrometer. Furthermore, LDX has an impact ionization target to monitor the interplanetary dust background. The sensor consists of three planes of segmented grid electrodes and each electrode is connected to an individual charge sensitive amplifier. Numerical signals were computed using the Coulomb software package. The LDX sensitive area is approximately 400 cm2. Our simulations reveal trajectory uncertainties of better than 2° with an absolute position accuracy of better than 2 mm. 相似文献
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China's Planning for Deep Space Exploration and Lunar Exploration before 2030 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
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The current lunar exploration has changed from a single scientific exploration to science and resource utilization. On the basis of the previous lunar exploration, Chinese scientists and technical experts have proposed an overall plan to preliminarily build a lunar research station on the lunar South Pole by several missions before 2035, exploring of the moon, as well as the use of lunar platforms and in-site utilization of resources. In addition, China will also explore Mars, asteroids and Jupiter and its moons. This paper briefly introduces the ideas of Chinese scientists and technical experts on the lunar and deep space exploration. 相似文献
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Yongchun Zheng Shijie Wang Ziyuan Ouyang Yongliao Zou Jianzhong Liu Chunlai Li Xiongyao Li Junming Feng 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Lunar soil simulant is a geochemical reproduction of lunar regolith, and is needed for lunar science and engineering researches. This paper describes a new lunar soil simulant, CAS-1, prepared by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to support lunar orbiter, soft-landing mission and sample return missions of China’s Lunar Exploration Program, which is scheduled for 2004–2020. Such simulants should match the samples returned from the Moon, all collected from the lunar regolith rather than outcrops. The average mineral and chemical composition of lunar soil sample returned from the Apollo 14 mission, which landed on the Fra Mauro Formation, is chosen as the model for the CAS-1 simulant. Source material for this simulant was a low-Ti basaltic scoria dated at 1600 years from the late Quaternary volcanic area in the Changbai Mountains of northeast China. The main minerals of this rock are pyroxene, olivine, and minor plagioclase, and about 20–40% modal glass. The scoria was analyzed by XRF and found to be chemically similar to Apollo 14 lunar sample 14163. It was crushed in an impact mill with a resulting median particle size 85.9 μm, similar to Apollo soils. Bulk density, shear resistance, complex permittivity, and reflectance spectra were also similar to Apollo 14 soil. We conclude that CAS-1 is an ideal lunar soil simulant for science and engineering research of future lunar exploration program. 相似文献
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中国月球探测面临新发展态势,给月球探测任务的规划论证、总体设计、系统研制和在轨探测等提出了更高要求,当前基于模型的系统工程、并行工程等新方法及新手段受到广泛关注。本文从MBSE(基于模型的系统工程)流程、方法、工具及应用层面对MBSE的现状进行研究,分析其发展趋势。结合中国探月工程任务需求和面临的挑战,设计中国探月工程基于模型的并行协同论证框架,论述了基于依赖图的跨专业、层级、地域的模型一致性维护和基于OSLC(面向生命周期协作的开放服务)的一体化协同论证环境构建等技术方案。通过国际月球科研站的论证设计开展初步应用验证,实现多岗位角色的协同论证,为探月工程全面推进基于模型的系统工程实施提供参考。 相似文献
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Shuanggen Jin Sundaram Arivazhagan Hiroshi Araki 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The moon has longstanding questions such as lunar environments, origin, formation and evolution, magnetization of crustal rocks, internal structure and possible life. The recent lunar missions, e.g., SELenological and ENgineering Explorer “KAGUYA” (SELENE), Chang’E-1, Chandrayaan-1, and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter/Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LRO/LCROSS), have provided new opportunities to explore and understand these issues. In this paper, we reviewed and presented the results and findings in the fields of lunar gravity, magnetic field, atmosphere, surface geomorphology and compositional variations, volcano, craters, internal structure, water and life science from new lunar exploration missions. In addition, the new objectives and scientific questions on lunar explorations in near future are presented and discussed. 相似文献
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月球探测器软着陆机构发展综述 总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12
综述了月球探测器软着陆机构的发展概况;分析了国际上月球探测器软着陆机构的结构组成、工作原理及特点。对不同展开机构和缓冲器特点进行了分析,预测了月球探测器软着陆机构的发展趋势。 相似文献
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准确的月球表面温度分布模型对于开展月球探测具有重要意义. 目前有关月球表面温 度模型还缺乏对完整月球表面温度分布的计算方法研究. 本文建立了一套计算完整月球表面温度的方法, 其中月球阳面温度采用Racca模型直接计算得到; 对于月球阴面, 将其沿纬度方向划分为若干区域, 每个区域的地表土壤采用一维非稳态热传导模型, 根据嫦娥三号着陆器太阳电池阵在轨环月阶段的温度数据, 修正得到月球表面土壤导热系数、密度及比热容, 通过数值计算求解一维非稳态热传导方程, 得出任意时刻月球阴面表面温度随时间的变化. 嫦娥三号着陆器太阳电池阵环月阶段热分析结果与在轨温度符合较好, 初步说明本文建立的完整月球表面温度计算方法正确可行. 基于本文方法计算得到整个月球表面温度分布, 进一步研究了极月轨道太阳电池阵外热流变化规律. 相似文献
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S.B. Rakesh Chandran G. Renuka Chandu Venugopal 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The Moon is immersed in plasma environment. The most interesting challenge of the lunar plasma– field environment is that it is alternatively dominated by the extended but variable outer atmosphere of the Earth – the magnetosphere – and by the extended but highly variable solar atmosphere – the solar wind. Understanding the plasma environment and its interaction with the lunar surface will be beneficial to both manned and robotic surface exploration activities and to scientific investigations. Presented is a preliminary map of variations of lunar surface electric potential over the day side and night side using probe equations and a discussion on dust dynamics in this E-field structure using the data from Electron Reflectometer in Lunar Prospector spacecraft during 1998–1999. On the day side, potential is around 5 V and on the night side it reaches up to −82 V. On the night side region, only highly energetic electrons can overcome this large negative potential. The variation at electron temperature (Te) strongly reflects in the surface potential. The potential reaches to a value of −82 V for Te = 58 eV. Surface charging causes the electrostatic transport of charged dust grains. Dust grain size of 0.1 μm shows a levitation height of 4.92 m on lunar day side, 748 m on terminator region and 3.7 km on the night side. The radius of maximum sized grain to be lofted, Rmax, peaks at the terminator region (Rmax = 0.83 μm). At the transition region dust levitation is almost absent. This region is most suited for exploration activities as the region is free from hazards caused by lunar dust. 相似文献
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Chang'E-1 Lunar Mission:An Overview and Primary Science Results 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Ouyang Ziyuan Li Chunlai Zou Yongliao Zhang Hongbo Lu Chang Liu Jianzhong Liu Jianjun Zuo Wei Su Yan Wen Weibin Bian Wei Zhao Baochang Wang Jianyu Yang Jianfeng Chang Jin Wang Huanyu Zhang Xiaohui Wang Shijin Wang Min Ren Xin Mu Lingli Kong Deqing Wang Xiaoqian Wang Fang Geng Liang Zhang Zhoubin Zheng Lei Zhu Xinying Zheng Yongchun Li Junduo Zou Xiaoduan Xu Chun Shi Shuobiao Gao Yifei Gao Guannan 《空间科学学报》2010,30(5):392-403
Chang'E-1 is the first lunar mission in China, which was successfully launched on Oct. 24th, 2007. It was guided to crash on the Moon on March 1, 2009, at 52.36ºE, 1.50ºS, in the north of Mare Fecunditatis. The total mission lasted 495 days, exceeding the designed life-span about four months. 1.37 Terabytes raw data was received from Chang'E-1. It was then processed into 4 Terabytes science data at different levels. A series of science results have been achieved by analyzing and applicating these data, especially "global image of the Moon of China's first lunar exploration mission'. Four scientific goals of Chang'E-1 have been achieved. It provides abundant materials for the research of lunar sciences and cosmochemistry. Meanwhile these results will serve for China's future lunar missions. 相似文献
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Preliminary Scientific Results of Chang'E-1 Lunar Orbiter: Based on Payloads Detection Data in the First Phase 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
OUYANG Ziyuan JIANG Jingshan LI Chunlai SUN Huixian ZOU Yongliao LIU Jianzhong LIU Jianjun ZHAO Baochang REN Xin YANG Jianfeng ZHANG Wenxi WANG Jianyu MOU Lingli CHANG Jin ZHANG Liyan WANG Huanyu LI Yongquan ZHANG Xiaohui ZHENG Yongchun WANG Shijin BIAN Wei 《空间科学学报》2008,28(5)
Chang'E-1 lunar Orbiter was launched by Long March 3A rocket from Xichang Satel-lite Launch Center at 18:05BT(Beijing Time) Oct.24,2007.It is the first step of its ambitious three-stage moon program,a new milestone in the Chinese space exploration history.The primary science objectives of Chang'E-1 lunar orbiter are to obtain three-Dimension(3D) stereo images of the lunar surface,to analyze the distribution and abundance of elements on the surface,to investigate the thickness of lunar soil,evaluate helium-3 resources and other characteristics,and to detect the space environment around the moon.To achieve the above four mission objectives,eight sets of scientific instruments are chosen as the payloads of the lunar orbiter,including a CCD stereo camera(CCD),a Sagnac-based interferometer spectrometer(ⅡM),a Laser Altimeter(LAM),a Microwave Radiometer(MRM),a Gamma-Ray Spectrometer(GRS),an X-ray spectrometer(XRS),a High-Energy Particle Detector(HPD),and two Solar Wind Ion Detectors(SWID).The detected data of the payloads show that all payloads work well.This paper introduces the status of payloads in the first phase and preliminary scientific results. 相似文献
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Jianguo Yan Fei Li Qinghui Liu Jinsong Ping Zhen Zhong Jinling Li 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
High accuracy differenced phase delay can be obtained by observing multiple point frequencies of two spacecraft using the same beam Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) technology. Its contribution in lunar spacecraft precision orbit determination has been performed during the Japanese lunar exploration mission SELENE. In consideration that there will be an orbiter and a return capsule flying around the moon during the Chinese lunar exploration future mission Chang’E-3, the contributions of the same beam VLBI in spacecraft precision orbit determination and lunar gravity field solution have been investigated. Our results show that the accuracy of precision orbit determination can be improved more than one order of magnitude after including the same beam VLBI measurements. There are significant improvements in accuracy of low and medium degree coefficients of lunar gravity field model obtained from combination of two way range and Doppler and the same beam VLBI measurements than the one that only uses two way range and Doppler data, and the accuracy of precision orbit determination can reach meter level. 相似文献
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A. Collette S. Robertson 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
We present a novel instrument concept to measure the energy and mass spectra of ions incident on the lunar surface, based on the E-parallel–B or Thomson-parabola device used extensively as a diagnostic in the plasma fusion community. The Apollo-era Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiment (SIDE) was the first instrument package to perform in-situ measurements of ions incident on the lunar surface. The ions can originate from a variety of sources, including the solar wind, the Earth’s magnetotail, and photoionization of the thin lunar atmosphere. The species and energy distribution of ions arriving at the lunar surface depend in a complicated and poorly-understood fashion on the phase of the lunar day, the position of the Moon with respect to the Earth, and on the local plasma environment. 相似文献
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月尘的静电悬浮和迁移是Apollo时期留下的最有争议的问题之一. 其既是研 究月球表面物质演化历史的重要线索, 也是探月工程必须考虑的重要因素. 月尘在月表环境下易因电子附着、光电效应、二次电子发射等过程带电, 并 在月球全球性静电场作用下发生迁移运动. 但目前对月尘静电迁移过程的认 识还不全面, 其主要原因在于对月尘静电特性的了解不够准确, 对静电迁移 过程的地面模拟不够充分以及对月球尘埃环境的探测较为缺乏. 未来需进一 步开展模拟月尘的研制, 月尘静电特性的分析, 静电迁移过程模拟以及尘埃 环境的探测等工作. 相似文献
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In this presentation, technological progress for China's microwave remote sensing is introduced. New developments of the microwave remote sensing instruments for China's lunar exploration satellite (Chang'E-1), meteorological satellite FY-3 and ocean dynamic measurement satellite (HY-2) are reported. 相似文献