武装直升机红外隐身系统研究

根据武装直升机在执行作战任务时所面临的战场环境,明确了红外隐身时重点考虑红外制导导弹的威胁,介绍了红外制导的方式及发展趋势,导出了导弹在点源制导和成像制导两种情况下作用距离的计算公式,论述了获得武装直升机红外辐射特性的理论分析计算和飞行测量两种途径,通过算例研究辐射强度和温差对导弹作用距离的影响,并对红外抑制效果与途径进行分析.      

最数字

正140万亿自由电子激光是国际上最先进的新一代光源,也是当今世界先进国家竞相发展的重要领域。2017年1月15日,中国科学院研制的"大连光源"成功发出了世界上最强的极紫外自由电子激光脉冲,单个皮秒激光脉冲产生了140万亿个光子,成为世界上最亮且波长完全可调的极紫外自由电子激光光源。目前,"大连光源"是世界上唯一运行在极紫外波段的自由电子激光装置,也是世界上最亮的极紫外光源。     

差分卫星定位技术及其在武器系统中的应用

差分卫星定位系统可以极大地提高卫星定位的精度,但也有使用、维护复杂等缺点。针对差分卫星定位的特性,首先阐述了卫星差分定位的基本原理,分析了卫星定位误差源,并介绍了差分定位系统对各种误差的修正情况,然后介绍了差分定位系统的分类、方法及发展,其中详细介绍了在武器系统领域中应用较广的局域差分系统的各种方法及其优缺点;最后,对差分系统的实际应用进行了阐述,并重点探讨了其在进攻性武器及防御性武器领域实现应用的可行性。     

美国新型反坦克导弹

美国陆军航空与导弹司令部（AMCOM）动能导弹（KEM）项目主管指出，对陆军而言LOSAT武器系统是一套全新的武器，将真正改变陆军对忖威胁装甲目标的方法。使用LOSAT武器时，陆军部队将在敌方威胁目标和对抗武器的射程之外。     

环形激光在测角方面的应用

环形激光是指在环形腔体内传播的激光。环形激光基于Sagnac 效应而具有特殊的应用价值。介绍了环形激光的工作原理、发展状况、应用情况。重点介绍了环形激光在惯性导航领域的应用和角度计量领域的应用,包括激光陀螺的介绍及环形激光动态测角仪在动态测角方面的应用,指出了环形激光应用的研究方向。     

红外偏振成像进展

作为一种新型光电探测技术,红外偏振成像探测在军事和民用领域展现出的广阔应用前景,受到国内外众多学者和有关部门的高度关注。本文对近几年红外偏振探测理论、红外偏振成像系统、探测系统的应用等方面进行了总结,通过模拟不同材料的红外偏振辐射特性和实际图像分析,对红外偏振成像探测技术的发展动向、存在的问题和解决这些问题的思路给出了系统的综述。分析了当前红外偏振成像技术存在的优缺点,结合生物多波段偏振视觉的研究进展,提出了仿生偏振视觉的概念。通过分析目标辐射偏振特性,给出了影响偏振成像质量的因素,并用实际拍摄图像分析了红外偏振成像的适用领域。     

复杂背景下远距离合作信标识别与定位

传统的飞行器合作信标测控中,以常规光源作为信标,不具备复杂环境的适应能力,尤其存在主动干扰源的情况,如何准确识信标是电视跟踪与测控领域的重点研究内容。本文对信标设计与识别定位方法进行研究,采用激光光源作为合作信标,设计可调制驱动电路,将信息编码调制技术应用在调制光源中,实现了可调制合作信标;并设计了调制与成像解调耦合的处理算法,可有效区分干扰目标与真实目标。试验结果表明,本文设计的可调制信标满足需求,调制与解调处理算法可实现合作信标的精确识别与定位,具备抗干扰能力。     

美国太空武器最新发展动向及分析

1引言□□太空武器是指部署在太空或以太空物体为攻击目标的武器系统。太空武器是进行空间对抗的基本手段,其攻击的主要目标有航天器、飞机、洲际导弹、地面指挥与通信设施,以及导弹基地与航天器发射设施等。美国布什政府上台后,不断强调太空优势在未来战争中的重要性,认为太空将成为未来战争的重要战场。在此期间,美国制定了一系列太空政策,明确提出太空军事化的发展战略。为夺取太空优势,布什政府支持并批准资助一系列太空武器技术研发及试验计划。这些武器在未来太空攻防对抗中将主要完成两类作战任务——太空控制和太空兵力运用。太空控…     

红外辐射特性校准技术研究进展

红外辐射特性测试在军民领域应用广泛,尤其是对于军用武器装备对抗红外探测打击意义重大.因此,针对提高红外辐射特性测试精度的校准技术成为研究重点.本文从标准黑体辐射源、校准方法和辐射计定标技术三个方面,简述国内外的研究进展.对研究涉及得到计量校准方法和成果进行论述比较,为相关人员提供技术参考,并提出今后的研究方向.     

美天基导弹预警与跟踪能力发展浅析

<正>当前,美天基导弹预警与跟踪系统被视为可提供最先进的导弹预警能力。俄罗斯等国正在加紧部署下一代高超声速、低空飞行导弹,并在研制反卫武器和其他反太空系统。而美军当前的地基、天基系统无法有效应对上述威胁。本文探究了美天基导弹预警与跟踪能力发展动向,聚焦其面临的威胁与挑战及应对策略,浅析其未来发展趋势。     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Learning in an immersive digital theater

The Houston Museum of Natural Science, in collaboration with Rice University has an outreach program taking portable digital theaters to schools and community sites for over five years and has conducted research on student learning in this immersive environment. By using an external independent evaluator, the effectiveness of NASA-funded Education and Public Outreach (EPO) projects can be assessed. This paper documents interactive techniques and learning strategies in full-dome digital theaters. The presentation is divided into Evaluation Strategies and Results and Interactivity Strategies and Results. All learners from grades 3–12 showed statistically significant short-term increase in knowledge of basic Earth science concepts after a single 22-min show. Improvements were more significant on items that were taught using more than one modality of instruction: hearing, seeing, discussion, and immersion. Thus immersive theater can be an effective as well as engaging teaching method for Earth and Space science concepts, particularly those that are intrinsically three-dimensional and thus most effectively taught in an immersive environment. The portable system allows taking the educational experience to rural and tribal sites where the underserved students could not afford the time or expense to travel to museums.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

基于最小值原理的冗余度机器人动力学控制

为了解冗余度机器人全局法优化中数值求解的困难,本文讨论了动力学方程的建立,无约束和有约束最优控制问题之间的内在联系,重点分析了求解最优控制问题的数值方法,文中提出了双向异步积分迭代的求解正则方程组的直接迭代法,较好解决了状态方程和协态方程稳定相逆给求解两点这值问题带来的困难。     

基于GPS载波相位的微卫星姿态算法研究

GPS姿态系统是利用GPS载波相位测量来确定载体的航向和姿态角。本文对微卫星的GPS姿态系统进行了研究。重点解决短基线的GPS状态算法，讨论了姿态价格函数的了小化方法。测试结果表明，所提的算法对小于1m的基线是有效的。