基于改进人工鱼群算法的无人直升机编队航迹规划

针对无人直升机（UH）编队的航迹规划问题,提出了一种基于改进人工鱼群算法（AFSA）的航迹规划算法。从邻域学习和算法特性2个角度出发,针对人工鱼群算法中的人工鱼视野模型提出了一种人工鱼自适应视野模型,并对其鱼群的进化策略在无性繁殖方式的基础上进行了改进;从规划原理、代价函数、约束条件3个方面建立了无人直升机编队航迹规划模型;针对航迹规划中普遍存在的搜索效率低、精度差等特有问题改进了所提算法的编码方式和聚类策略。利用三机编队航迹规划的算例对所提算法进行了验证,仿真结果证明,通过对人工鱼群算法的改进、航迹规划模型的建立等措施实现了良好的无人直升机编队航迹规划,同时在搜索效率、收敛速度及求解精度上都有了显著提高。      

Bezdek型模糊属性C均值聚类算法

推广了属性均值聚类算法,提出了基于模糊度m的Bezdek型模糊属性C均值聚类算法(FAMC),给出了FAMC算法的迭代算法,并讨论了模糊度m对算法收敛性的影响.在标准Iris数据集与肿瘤基因芯片表达数据的模式识别实验结果,验证了该算法优于模糊C均值算法和属性均值聚类算法.      

反作用轮不完全数据故障诊断新算法

针对卫星反作用轮遥测数据存在不完备情况,提出一种基于核模糊均值聚类（KernelFuzzy C-Means,KFCM）的数据修复诊断算法KFCM-Imputation(KFCM-I)。该算法通过KFCM聚类实现已知故障样本的聚类中心和聚类半径,通过相似度计算查找与不完备数据最相似的数据点,将该数据点填充于不完备数据点位置,保证数据的完备性,并通过数据的相似度进行故障诊断。考虑所有故障特征同步缺失数据和各故障特征随机缺失数据两种工况,对比工程上直接删除缺失数据的方法,在数据缺失量小于总数据量的13%时,KFCM-I诊断精度能达90%以上;当数据缺失量占总数据量13%～20%时,诊断精度仍能达到80%。KFCM-I算法故障诊断精度高、计算简单,对工程应用有较好的参考价值。     

基于振动参数聚类融合的空间轴承故障辨识方法研究#br#

轴承是飞轮和控制力矩陀螺(CMG)等空间惯性执行机构的核心部件,其健康状态直接影响整机性能和使用寿命.当前,由于轻载轴承在正常运转时也可能产生类似于微弱故障特征的现象,导致单一故障特征参数难以辨识正常和微弱故障状态.针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于振动参数聚类融合的轴承微弱故障辨识方法.首先,通过轴承振动实验获得数据;然后,基于特征频率比值等方法对振动信号进行特征参数的提取;在此基础上,利用K Medoids算法对正常样本进行聚类,并根据3σ法则构建正常运转的安全边界;最后,计算不同轴承故障数据的超限概率,根据概率大小进行故障状态的识别.结果表明,该方法对轴承正常和微弱故障的辨识是可行和有效的.     

基于自适应RVM的电子系统缓变故障预测方法

针对电子系统缓变故障的预测问题,提出一种自适应相关向量机(RVM, Relevance Vector Machine)方法.首先,对反映电子系统性能的参数序列进行相空间重构,建立RVM的输入输出对应关系;然后,将嵌入维数和核函数参数作为人工鱼位置,取留一交叉验证(LOOCV, Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation)误差的相反数作为目标函数,利用人工鱼群算法(AFSA, Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm)实现方法参数的自适应优化选择;最后,通过雷达发射机高压电源与多注速调管的故障预测实验验证了方法的性能.实验结果表明:该方法在预测精度和预测可靠性方面优于现有方法.     

Dirichlet混合样本的EM算法与动态聚类算法比较

Dirichlet分布是一类包含正参数向量的连续多元概率分布,在比例结构问题中具有广泛的应用。针对Dirichlet混合样本的聚类问题,进行了最大期望（EM）算法和动态聚类算法研究。首先,推导其数学过程,并给出算法迭代步骤。然后,利用数字仿真实验,比较了EM算法与动态聚类算法两种机器学习算法在Dirichlet混合样本中的聚类效果。最后,计算对数似然函数值、程序运行时间、收敛迭代次数、聚类正确率、真正率（TPR）和假正率（FPR）6个评价指标。仿真实验结果表明,EM算法聚类正确率更高但是运算效率相对较低,而动态聚类算法运算效率较高但是损失了部分聚类正确率。因此,实际应用中建议综合权衡聚类正确率与运算效率的相对需求后,再选取合适算法进行Dirichlet混合样本聚类。      

基于改进核聚类算法的空间目标识别方法

根据目标区域的矩特征,几何特征以及灰度特征,提取出目标的特征向量,并通过聚类算法对空间目标进行识别,提出了一种基于Voronoi距离的核聚类算法（KFCM）。该算法通过引入一种新的距离度量,使得隶属度函数更加的明晰,改善了核聚类算法极易陷入最小值的问题。运用改进的核聚类算法对3类空间目标进行识别,试验结果验证了算法的正确性和有效性。     

基于M-AFSA的MPRM逻辑电路面积优化

现有基于传统智能优化算法的MPRM电路面积优化算法存在效果差的问题。由于MPRM电路面积优化属于组合优化问题，先提出一种多策略协同进化人工鱼群算法（MAFSA），该算法引入基于反向学习的种群初始化策略，以提高种群多样性及初始种群解的质量；引入觅食与追尾交互性策略，以加强人工鱼个体之间的信息交流、提高所提算法的收敛速度；引入自适应扰动策略，以增加人工鱼个体位置变异的随机性、避免所提算法陷入局部最优。此外，提出一种MPRM逻辑电路面积优化方法，利用所提算法来搜索电路面积最小的最佳极性。基于北卡罗莱纳州微电子中心（MCNC）Benchmark电路的实验结果表明：与遗传算法相比，所提算法优化电路平均面积百分比最高为57.24%，平均为39.57%；与人工鱼群算法相比，所提算法优化电路平均面积百分比最高为33.53%，平均为14.54%；与改进的人工鱼群算法相比，所提算法优化电路平均面积百分比最高为30.25%，平均为13.86%。     

基于混合人工鱼群算法的传感器网络优化

针对传感器网络节点优化的问题,提出一种混合人工鱼群算法.该算法在人工鱼群算法优化的末段引入模式搜索法,以人工鱼搜索到的最优解作为模式搜索法的初始解,利用模式搜索法的单调搜索特性,将解引向全局极值.新算法保留了人工鱼群算法全局搜索能力强、寻优速度快的特点,使寻优精度得到了提高.仿真实验表明:混合人工鱼群算法能够有效地优化传感器网络节点部署,提高覆盖率.     

基于用户查询日志的查询聚类

基于用户查询日志提出了新的查询聚类算法.用户查询日志数据量大,比通常用于查询聚类的查询展现日志和查询点击日志更加稠密,不易产生聚类小的问题,但噪声多,不容易处理.为发现相似查询并减少噪声影响,同一用户同一时段的多次查询(共现查询)之间认为具有较高相似概率.在这一假设基础上,利用查询共现关系建立查询的邻居查询向量空间.将查询用邻居查询向量表示,邻居查询向量的相似度作为聚类中的查询相似度.应用改进的基于密度聚类算法完成聚类.实验证明,95 262个查询组成数据集上,聚类算法实现查准率79.77%、查全率48.21%,平均聚类大小达到51.     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Learning in an immersive digital theater

The Houston Museum of Natural Science, in collaboration with Rice University has an outreach program taking portable digital theaters to schools and community sites for over five years and has conducted research on student learning in this immersive environment. By using an external independent evaluator, the effectiveness of NASA-funded Education and Public Outreach (EPO) projects can be assessed. This paper documents interactive techniques and learning strategies in full-dome digital theaters. The presentation is divided into Evaluation Strategies and Results and Interactivity Strategies and Results. All learners from grades 3–12 showed statistically significant short-term increase in knowledge of basic Earth science concepts after a single 22-min show. Improvements were more significant on items that were taught using more than one modality of instruction: hearing, seeing, discussion, and immersion. Thus immersive theater can be an effective as well as engaging teaching method for Earth and Space science concepts, particularly those that are intrinsically three-dimensional and thus most effectively taught in an immersive environment. The portable system allows taking the educational experience to rural and tribal sites where the underserved students could not afford the time or expense to travel to museums.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

基于最小值原理的冗余度机器人动力学控制

为了解冗余度机器人全局法优化中数值求解的困难,本文讨论了动力学方程的建立,无约束和有约束最优控制问题之间的内在联系,重点分析了求解最优控制问题的数值方法,文中提出了双向异步积分迭代的求解正则方程组的直接迭代法,较好解决了状态方程和协态方程稳定相逆给求解两点这值问题带来的困难。     

基于GPS载波相位的微卫星姿态算法研究

GPS姿态系统是利用GPS载波相位测量来确定载体的航向和姿态角。本文对微卫星的GPS姿态系统进行了研究。重点解决短基线的GPS状态算法，讨论了姿态价格函数的了小化方法。测试结果表明，所提的算法对小于1m的基线是有效的。