基于模糊自适应PID的开关磁阻电机滞环脉宽调制直接瞬时转矩控制

开关磁阻电机(SRM)具有转矩脉动较大的特点。提出一种结合滞环控制和脉宽调制(PWM)的直接瞬时转矩控制策略解决此类问题。分析了转矩在控制过程中出现大波动的机理,制订了单相区和换相区不同控制方法。考虑到转矩在不同条件下输出特性,将PWM等效策略引入滞环限间,优化了转矩控制效果。加入了模糊自适应PID控制器,提高系统响应性能。仿真结果表明该控制策略响应速度快,能有效地抑制SRM的转矩脉动。     

大攻角地效翼非定常流动实验研究

大攻角地效翼非定常流动研究对大攻角地效翼非定常空气动力特性和流动控制具有重要的意义。对攻角为18°的NACA0012地效翼在模型风洞中进行实验,利用三维热线风速仪对地效翼后缘附近尾迹区内测点的速度脉动进行采样,分析不同飞行高度下大攻角地效翼的非定常流动特性。结果表明：地面效应下,大攻角地效翼后缘涡系形成位置后移;随着地效翼高度的降低,非定常流动的脉动频域宽度减小,速度脉动特征频率减小。     

基于0.6 m量级三声速风洞的压敏漆试验技术

基于0.6 m暂冲式三声速风洞,建立了压敏漆测压系统,解决了各分系统的同步控制问题。研究了涂料喷涂影响、图像滤波和系统测量稳定性及精准度等技术细节,并将该系统首次应用于未来大型客机减阻与激波控制的机翼表面压力测量中,获得了基本外形和鼓包外形机翼表面的压力分布、激波位置及形态。检验了设计鼓包在设计状态和稍偏离设计状态下的激波控制效果及其对上翼面压力分布和升力特性的影响。研究结果表明：涂料喷涂质量不佳造成的表面粗糙度和厚度变化会显著影响压力分布,喷涂质量需严格控制。窗口直径8像素迭代3次的高斯滤波对压力波动的平滑效果较好且不会失真。建立的压敏漆系统与压力传感器的压力系数测量均方根偏差在0.022以内,压力均方根偏差小于620 Pa,测量精准度较高。设计鼓包在设计状态及稍偏离设计状态下,均能够有效减弱激波强度,保证机翼升力变化很小,从而提高机翼的升阻比。     

空间站姿态/动量联合非线性控制

从Lyapunov稳定性理论出发,设计了一个非线性控制器,实现了空间站姿态和控制力矩陀螺角动量的联合控制。在此基础上,为抑制周期性环境干扰力矩对姿态控制性能的影响,引入了周期性扰动抑制滤波器,对非线性姿态/动量控制器进行了改进。改进的控制器不但可以抑制空间站姿态的周期性波动,而且可在满足特定飞行任务的前提下,建立空间站指向和控制力矩陀螺动量管理间的折中。控制器参数物理意义明确,易于调整。对空间站姿态控制/动量管理系统的仿真结果表明,该控制器是可行的。     

一种多脉冲微推力的测量方法

 微推力测量技术是微推进器设计的关键技术之一,是微小卫星进行轨道保持、姿态控制的基础技术。多脉冲平均微推力的测量对于脉冲微推进器的特性研究有着重要的作用。对常用的微推力测量方法进行了总结,提出了一种多脉冲微推力测量的方法。基于二阶系统模型,利用傅里叶展开的方法,分析了在多脉冲推力作用下测量系统的动态响应。理论分析和仿真结果表明：在推力脉冲的频率远高于测量系统的固有频率时,系统的稳态转角同微推进器的平均推力成正比;可通过测量系统的稳态转角来获得平均推力大小;通过测量得到的平均推力,还可以获得总冲的大小。该测量方法可以有效避免推力信号的波动对于平均推力测量的影响。     

基于直流微电网的混合储能协调控制策略仿真研究

针对直流微电网中光伏发电单元出力的波动性和间歇性造成系统内部功率不平衡的问题,混合储能系统可以同时发挥蓄电池高能量密度和超级电容高功率密度的优势,根据直流母线电压进行混合储能单元间的协调控制策略。该策略将直流母线电压进行分层控制,采用四个电压阈值共分成五个控制区域,以直流母线电压为信息载体,决定储能系统的运行状态,实现对混合储能单元的充电、放电模式间自主切换。电压分层控制有效地避免了蓄电池由于电压波动而频繁进行充放电切换,从而延长了电池的使用寿命。最后,MATLAB/Simulink的仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的可行性。     

Dynamics modeling and pressure control of composites tape winding system based on LQSMC

Pressure fluctuations during the composite fiber winding process seriously affect the product's compactness strength, fatigue resistance, stress uniformity, and resin content. The accuracy of pressure control systems is affected by nonlinear disturbances, such as friction, parameter perturbation, and measurement noise. A robust control algorithm based on linear quadratic optimal control and sliding mode control (LQSMC) is proposed to overcome these problems. The method is based on the system state space expression and linear quadratic optimal control. The state space model of the system is improved by using a Kalman filter and control input for state estimation, and a new sliding surface equation is defined. The ameliorated control algorithm exhibits good performance and can effectively suppress sliding mode control (SMC) chattering. Simulation and experimental results show that LQSMC offers high control precision, much stronger anti-interference, and robustness, which can effectively improve the positioning and tracking accuracy of a pressure control system compared with linear quadratic optimal control (LQC). The winding pressure control precision is improved by 45% to 50%. The results show that the porosity of composite fiber tape winding products decreased thanks to our method.     

无人机增程式电推进系统双模糊能量管理策略仿真

为提高应用于无人机的增程式电推进系统能量利用效率,采用基于双层模糊控制的能量管理策略并使用遗传算法对控制参数进行优化,依据飞行动力学理论在仿真飞行工况中设置不同扰动,检验能量管理策略的抗飞行扰动效果。仿真结果表明:相比于基于多点逻辑门规则和比例积分微分PID（proportion integral differential）的能量管理策略,双模糊能量管理策略可使发动机运行平均燃油消耗率下降3.4%,整体燃油消耗量下降3.8%,电池使用量降低10.6%,发动机平均转速误差下降77.0%,面对突风扰动、复合扰动和连续紊流扰动时转速最大波动量分别降低71.4%、72.6%和46.7%。经过遗传算法优化后的双模糊能量管理策略相比优化前的控制参数,发动机平均转速误差下降6.6%,面对上述3种扰动时转速最大波动量分别降低12.8%、8.3%和39.4%。      

Analysis of foliage-induced synthetic pattern distortions

Phase and amplitude fluctuations induced by wave propagation through foliage limit the ability of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system to image a target under foliage. One-way measurements of these fluctuations were done at C-, L-, UHF band during the July 1990 Foliage Penetration Experiment using single frequency CW signal sources and the NASA/JPL SAR receiver. The phase and amplitude data are coherently integrated to create the synthetic azimuthal patterns that would result when attempting to image a point target obscured by foliage. The effect of synthetic aperture length frequency, and polarization on the attenuation and azimuthal response of foliage obscured targets is investigated     

基于ESO的DGVSCMG双框架伺服系统不匹配扰动抑制

针对双框架变速率控制力矩陀螺（DGVSCMG）两种工作模式下内、外框架系统存在的不匹配干扰抑制问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器与状态反馈的扰动抑制方法。在对飞轮工作模式和陀螺工作模式下内、外框架系统的干扰进行建模和分析的基础上,针对其不匹配干扰设计了扩张状态观测器,通过坐标变换减小框架系统扰动对不匹配通道的影响,并结合状态反馈控制设计了复合控制器,同时对全局系统稳定性进行了分析。对框架系统进行的仿真结果验证了所提复合控制方法的有效性。实验结果表明,所提出的控制方法能有效减小耦合力矩对内外框架角速率带来的影响,在飞轮模式下使得内外框架的角速率跳动量分别降低了85%和78%,且在陀螺模式下使外框架角速率跳动量降低了75%。     

Periodic atomization characteristics of an impinging jet injector element modulated by Klystron effect

An experimental study on the Klystron effect of periodic injection modulated by pressure drop fluctuations on subsequent atomization is conducted. Time-resolved atomization backlit images and atomization Mie scatter images are captured by using the high speed camera. It is found that periodicity of forced atomization relies on pressure drop fluctuation amplitude and phase differences between atomization and pressure drop fluctuations relate to fluctuation frequencies. This feature of periodic atomization induced by Klystron effect corresponds to periodicities and high amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in unstable combustion chambers and chaos and low amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in stable combustions chambers. Drastically periodic varying of gross surface area of droplets with time was shown in Mie scatter images. The importance of periodic impinging jet atomization modulated by pressure drop fluctuations for acoustic liquid propellant combustion instabilities is illustrated.     

五自由度磁悬浮轴承的扰动补偿控制系统设计

在比例-积分-微分(PID)控制的基础上加入扰动补偿环节,设计了五自由度磁悬浮轴承的扰动补偿控制系统.通过对转子运动模型的分析,修正并得到了更为精确的磁悬浮轴承扰动观测器模型.对离散化的扰动观测器进行了稳定性分析和参数整定方法研究,进而使扰动观测器的参数整定过程更为规范与便捷.实验结果表明:在PID控制基础上加入扰动补偿控制,转子受扰自由度的位移波动分别减小了38.7%和67%,转子在20000r/min转速下的轴心运动轨迹波动减小了21%,从而验证了扰动补偿控制相比于PID控制的优越性.      

低压对加力燃烧室压力脉动和放热脉动的影响

运用ＣＨ离子浓度传感器及其测试系统，研究燃烧室内低压对两态混气紊流燃烧的压力脉动和放热脉动的影响。结果表明，燃烧装置的结构参数决定了燃烧装置的固有频率，随着压力升高，剧烈化学反应区向上游移动，对蒸发式稳定器而言，低压下油气比对压力脉动值影响较小。     

Design and optimization of a novel electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system for heavy fuel aircraft piston engine

The heavy fuel compression ignition engines are widely equipped as aircraft piston engines. The fuel injection system is one of the key technologies that determines the performance of engine. One of the main challenges is to precisely control the injected fuel quantity and flow rate in the presence of pressure fluctuation. This challenge is even more serious for heavy fuel. An original design for electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system called Multi-Pumppressure-reservoirs fuel injection System(MPS) was demonstrated to reduce the pressure fluctuation and help keep injection stable. MPS was compared with an ordinary high pressure Common Rail fuel injection System(CRS). This work established one-dimensional AMESim and mathematical models for both CRS and MPS to study the effect of different structures and geometric parameters on the pressure fluctuations. The calculations show that the average fuel pressure fluctuation of MPS can be reduced by 57% for the crankshaft speed of 1900 r/min, and the pressure fluctuation before injection reduced by 100%. It is concluded that the pressure performance of MPS is less sensitive to pressure reservoir volume than that of CRS, and there is an opportunity for further volume reduction.     

耦合热、动载荷的超超临界汽轮机迷宫密封动力特性

密封汽流激振严重影响超超临界汽轮机的安全运行,采用DEFINE_CG_MOTION和DEFINE_PROFILE控制宏建立转子的涡动方程,通过Workbench流固耦合方法计算热、动载荷下密封齿形变,根据快速傅里叶变化得到机组运行时的密封动力特性,并对转子稳定性进行分析。结果表明:蒸汽可导致密封齿膨胀变形,温度对密封齿长度变化影响可达1%~1.5%,压力和离心作用对其影响较小。热、动载荷使迷宫密封直接刚度减小,直接阻尼先增加后减小,交叉刚度先减小后增加,动力系数的最大变化为原来的2倍。35~55 Hz内转子稳定裕度急剧下降,转子对密封汽流激振更敏感。热、动载荷引起的压力波动集中在低频范围,密封周向压力波动可增高18.5 kPa。密封高压区的压力波幅剧增是汽流激振显著的主要原因。      

Application of a Highly Parallel Processor to Radar Data Processing

The application of a highly parallel computer known as PEPE (Parallel Element Processing Ensemble) to radar data processing is described. The PEPE computer consists of a large number of identical processing elements which operate in parallel and are controlled by a common control unit. Each of the processing elements is assigned to a particular radar target such that many targets can be tracked in parallel. PEPE is designed to augment a conventional computer rather than to stand alone. The total data processing load associated with a radar tracking system is distributed between PEPE and the sequential machine in a manner than maximizes the overall system efficiency and desensitizes the system performance to fluctuations in traffic levels. The use of PEPE provides very high data processing throughput potential to a radar data processing system.     

动态压力畸变下压缩系统稳定性分析

基于逐级压缩系统模型，发展了一种动态压力畸变下压缩系统失稳识别的数值预测方法。应用方法对一多级轴流压缩系统进行了数值分析。给出了动态压力脉动频率与压缩系统失稳首发级及不稳定发生时间之间的定量关联关系。     

Electrochemical drilling of small holes by regulating in real-time the electrolyte flowrate in multiple channels

Electrochemical drilling(ECD) provides an alternative technique for drilling multiple small holes in difficult-to-machine materials in numerous industrial applications such as for aeroengines. The value and fluctuation of electrolyte flowrate can seriously affect the machining stability and hole quality in ECD. In particular, when drilling multiple holes, the distribution and fluctuations of the electrolyte flowrate in each channel could influence the uniformity of the electrolyte flowrate among...     

Periodic atomization characteristics of simplex swirl injector induced by klystron effect

The atomization dynamic characteristics of a simplex swirl injector was investigated experimentally by using a hydrodynamic mechanical pulsator and the shadow photography technique. The frequency response characteristics of the fluid film and atomization fluctuations and their correlations with pressure fluctuations were obtained by using an in-house code of image processing. It is demonstrated that the klystron effect induced by periodic pressure fluctuations results in periodic liquid film fluctuation with large amplitudes, periodic superposition of droplets and reduction of the breakup length. It was found that the atomization of the simplex swirl injector only responds to the pressure fluctuation in frequency range approximately from 0 to 300 Hz, and it is particularly sensitive to pressure fluctuations at frequencies from 100 to 200 Hz. According to this experiment, the responsive frequency limitation is merely affected by injector configuration, rather than the supply line.     

A scaling procedure for measuring thermal structural vibration generated by wall pressure fluctuation

This paper attempts to develop a scaling procedure to measure structural vibration caused simultaneously by wall pressure fluctuations and the thermal load of hypersonic flow by a wind tunnel test. However, simulating the effect of thermal load is difficult with a scaled model in a wind tunnel due to the nonlinear effect of thermal load on a structure. In this work, the temperature variation of a structure is proposed to indicate the nonlinear effect of the thermal load,which provides a means to simulate both the thermal load and wall pressure fluctuations of a hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer(TBL) in a wind tunnel test. To validate the scaling procedure,both numerical computations and measurements are performed in this work. Theoretical results show that the scaling procedure can also be adapted to the buckling temperature of a structure even though the scaling procedure is derived from a reference temperature below the critical temperature of the structure. For the measurement, wall pressure fluctuations and thermal environment are simulated by creating hypersonic flow in a wind tunnel. Some encouraging results demonstrate the effectiveness of the scaling procedure for assessing structural vibration generated by hypersonic flow. The scaling procedure developed in this study will provide theoretical support to develop a new measurement technology to evaluate vibration of aircraft due to hypersonic flow.