翼柱型药柱固体火箭发动机工作过程仿真

将翼柱型药柱的18个关键尺寸定义成可变多数，通过人机交互输入具体的数值，构造任意烧去肉厚下的药柱模型，并计算该模型的体积。由Ab=△V／△e计算燃烧面积的大小，并进而计算出燃烧室压强和发动机推力。把任意烧去肉厚下的药柱模型和相对应时刻的压强-时间、推力-时间坐标制作成幻灯文件，通过计算机显示器屏幕连续演示，达到动画模拟的效果。     

无铝CTPB＋PB固体推进剂旋转燃烧的试验研究

启动鱼雷动力系统的固体推进剂药柱系低燃温、无铝复合推进剂，处于旋转状态下燃烧。本项研究利用旋转燃烧试验台进行了药柱的燃烧试验，显示了加速度对无铝推进剂燃烧的影响。结果表明：在试验条件范围内，推进剂药柱随着加速度增大，燃烧室压强增大、燃烧时间缩短。根据实验数据整理出旋转燃烧条件下燃速公式。     

药柱结构对其抗轴向过载能力的影响

采用三维线性粘弹性模型,对构造的8个药柱模型分别进行有限元计算,得出了药柱在轴向过载作用下的变形结果,指出了药柱内危险部位的位置,分析了半径、长径比、翼槽结构对药柱位移、应力、应变场的影响,得到了轴向过载作用下缩比发动机药柱间变形的比例关系,为离心试验时小尺寸模拟发动机药柱的结构设计提供参考。     

碟形锥柱型药柱的燃烧规律

装药设计方法影响发动机内弹道性能，为提高装药利用率，分别采用UG NX和MATLAB软件进行了建模和编程计算，得到了药柱燃烧过程中燃烧面积推移规律和残药率与设计参数的函数关系图，进行了算例分析。计算结果表明：以药柱外径D为基准，当环向槽圆弧半径r∈(0, 0.05D)，圆柱段内孔半径R₂∈(0.1D,0.4D)，环向槽圆弧圆心旋转半径R₃∈(R2,0.42D)，圆柱段长L₂∈(0.4D,1.53D)时，药柱燃烧呈现先增面性后减面性。残药率与r和R₂的变化趋势同为单调递减，残药率与L₂∈的变化趋势为单调递增，残药率与R₃的变化趋势为先增大后减小。从减轻质量，提高强度和提高产品加工制造的工艺性等方面综合考虑，建议优先选择碟形封头。计算结果与实际数据的最大相对误差为0.078%。     

固体药柱超声波特征扫描系统研制

对固体火箭发动机药柱的超声检测方法进行了研究,介绍了超声特征扫描成像原理及缺陷检测方法,研制了药柱超声波特征扫描系统,并用低频组合探头对药柱进行了检测.试验表明,设计的超声特征扫描系统可采用幅度成像、深度成像方法显示药柱的缺陷.     

艇载固体发动机药柱蠕变-疲劳损伤分析

为研究大型艇载固体发动机立式贮存状态下药柱经受长期自重和低频振动载荷作用下的累积损伤,开展HTPB推进剂定应力持续加载破坏试验、定应力幅值往复拉伸试验以及蠕变-疲劳交互试验,拟合了交互损伤本构方程;开展发动机固化降温、长期重力和低频振动联合作用下的有限元计算,得到了药柱应力应变分布规律;并基于Miner线性损伤理论对发动机药柱关键点和关键路径的累积损伤进行了计算。研究结果表明:蠕变作用与疲劳作用具有非对称性的交互作用;长期自重载荷作用下,药柱整体下沉,从头部至尾部下沉量依次减少,蠕应变占据药柱总应变的60%以上;周期性的低频振动后,应力应变呈现周期性变化;药柱内部累积损伤随时间呈线性关系,艇载贮存半年的累积损伤为0.0219。     

侧壁开孔管式点火器点火热流与固体药柱表面间传热

分析了固体火箭发动机侧壁开孔长管式点火器点火热流与固体药柱表面间传热机理，根据轴对称边界层原理，借鉴平面间阵列圆孔射流传热模型，在考虑管式点火器与药柱表面同轴圆面间射流传热过程的基础上推导得到传热系数表达式，仿真研究表明模型合理，能对试验现象进行合理解释。     

固体火箭发动机前、后翼药柱三维有限元分析

应用PRO／ENGINEER、I－DEAS软件构造药柱三维几何模型，利用视算技术和方法对药柱几何模型进行处理，建立药柱三维有限元模型，对药柱受固化降温、轴向飞行过载、工作内压载荷作用下的应力应变及位移完成了三维线弹性有限元分析计算，进行了图形后处理，得到了合理的结果。为大型固体火箭发动机药柱结构完整性分析提供了更为准确合理的理论依据。     

用长期贮存定期检测法预测药柱使用寿命

对不同贮存期的某固体火箭发动机所用ＨＴＰＢ药柱进行了大量的力学性能试验,得到了该推进剂有关力学性能随贮存时间的变化规律, 分析了药柱在生产、运输、贮存、勤务处理和点火燃烧等过程的受载状态; 针对最危险的载荷, 对不同贮存期的药柱进行了应力、应变状态的有限元分析。对比不同贮存期推进剂的力学性能, 预示了药柱的使用寿命     

温度载荷下的药柱累积损伤分析

为研究温度载荷下的药柱累积损伤规律,应用线性累积损伤理论,建立了固体推进剂热粘弹性累积损伤模型,并根据不同应力水平下的蠕变破坏试验数据,获得了累积损伤的表达式;对药柱进行了热粘弹性有限元计算,得到了药柱危险部位的最大Von Mises应力随温度的变化规律,并讨论了不同贮存温度对药柱累积损伤的影响,最后针对典型海区的不同贮存温度进行了药柱的累积损伤算例分析.结果表明,温度是影响药柱损伤的重要因素,在热应力较大时药柱损伤并不总是较大;温度、应力大小以及作用时间共同决定着药柱的累积损伤.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。