层流边界层C型失稳研究

本文研究了在平板层流边界层中，一个二维基本波和一对三维亚谐斜波的非线性作用，利用修正的弱非线性理论求出这些波的幅值、幅角的演化方程。文中主要观点是：高次谐波的能量不能瞬时被激发，而是由低次谐波通过非线性作用逐步产生的。本文积分有关方程，计算出基本波和亚谐斜波的参数，得到一段扰动演化曲线，与实验吻合较好。     

多孔壁面对高速边界层最优增长条带二次失稳的影响规律

边界层转捩是高超声速飞行器设计中的关键基础理论问题。当环境扰动强度较高时，将在模态扰动失稳区上游发生由最优增长条带二次失稳触发的亚临界转捩。为评估多孔壁面在亚临界转捩中的控制效果，以超/高超声速平板边界层流动为研究对象，建立了基于伴随抛物化稳定性方程的优化系统与求解方法。以最优扰动非线性演化形成的三维条带边界层为新的基本流动开展全局稳定性分析，研究表明：多孔壁面对第一模态频率范围内的二次失稳扰动为促进作用，对第二模态频率范围内的二次失稳扰动起抑制作用，并且转折频率接近局部快/慢模态的同步频率，对于工程应用中多孔涂层的布置方案具有一定的指导意义。     

高超声速三维边界层横流转捩的数值研究

横流失稳是高超声速三维边界层转捩的主要机制。然而到目前为止,由横流失稳导致高超声速三维边界层转捩的数值研究还不多见。本文采用直接数值模拟方法计算了马赫数6、后掠角45°钝板边界层中定常横流涡的演化,在此基础上引入高频二次失稳模态,计算了二次失稳模态的非线性演化,直至湍流发生。计算结果表明:横流定常涡的非线性作用引起平均流修正,可使壁面摩擦系数曲线有一定程度的抬升。而高频二次失稳波的增长导致低频及定常扰动快速增长,促使壁面摩擦系数急剧抬升,同时饱和横流涡结构破碎,最终触发转捩发生。     

等熵侧压诱导的超声速平板边界层二次流研究

为了揭示等熵侧压诱导的超声速平板边界层二次流的形成机理,基于建立的简化流场模型,结合小扰动分析和数值计算,研究了来流边界层马赫数不均匀分布因素对二次流形成的贡献。研究表明,侧压诱导的二次流是流场的平均行为,和瞬时的扰动与涡的相互作用无关。压缩波在主流和边界层中的传播特征不同,导致在侧壁压缩作用下主流和边界层流体压缩不均匀,从而产生了边界层流体相对于主流的横向运动;密度梯度和压力梯度矢量方向不一致,即流动的斜压性是流向涡形成和发展的一个重要因素。     

用弱非线性理论研究二次稳定性问题

本文把研究三波共振的弱非线性理论应用于平板边界层和平面Poiseuille流三维扰动的二次稳定性问题。其数值结果与文献[1]、[2]用Floquet形式的二次稳定性理论得出的结论是一致的。     

高超声速二维钝楔边界层参数分析

为了指导二元高超声速进气道型面设计,基于两类高超声速二维钝楔外形,采用高精度CFD方法计算了四种典型工况下二维钝楔边界层参数,分析了前缘半径、壁面温度、压力梯度对边界层参数的影响,得出了边界层位移厚度、边界层总压恢复及壁面压力梯度沿流向的变化规律。研究表明,前缘半径及壁面温度对边界层参数影响较大,在两者一定的情况下,逆压梯度使边界层位移厚度增速放缓,顺压梯度会使边界层位移厚度快速增长。     

圆柱尾迹影响平板边界层转捩的实验研究

利用氢气泡和染色液流动显示的方法,在水槽中研究了圆柱尾迹对平板边界层转捩的影响。重点讨论圆柱与平板的流向距离和法向距离以及圆柱直径等几何参数对边界层转捩的不同作用,发现平板边界层转捩开始点的位置由尾迹与边界层作用的初始位置决定,这一位置由圆柱与平板的相对几何位置来确定。转捩区长度与边界层内部流体性质、扰动强度等有关,同时也受到圆柱、平板相对几何位置的影响。对转捩区近壁二次涡的产生和演化进行分析,发现尾迹对平板边界层的扰动是通过在近壁面诱导二次涡并影响二次涡的后续运动来体现,二次涡及其演化是边界层转捩位置大为提前的重要原因。     

细长圆锥低超声速绕流层迹流时空演化特性的研究

本文用数值方法研究了在大的迎角范围，采用局部抛物化流动模型所得到的有关圆锥有迎角绕流尾迹流中周期的谐分岔，亚谐分岔以及环上Ｈｏｐｆ分岔这三类不稳定性的时空结构演化与非线性相互作用。     

Blasius边界层C—型失稳的理论分析

本文用空间模式的二次失稳理论分析了Ｂｌａｓｉｕｓ边界层转捩实验＾〔１〕中Ｃ－型失稳后扰动演化过程。其幅值演化曲线与实验曲线符合较好。     

人工扰动在湍流边界层中的传递

在翼型或机翼的风洞试验中,常用绊线或局部表面粗糙度来固定边界层转捩。本文研究了在零压力梯度条件下,这种人工扰动在风洞平板侧壁上的湍流边界层中的传递,并且发现扰动所引起的动量损失会保留在下游的边界层中。在零压力梯度下,这个局部的动量损失几乎是一个附加的常量,而逆压梯度则会扩大这种动量损失。不同直径的绊线在不同的位置对边界层扰动的大小是可以确定的。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.