基于WPD-KVI-Hilbert变换相结合的滚动轴承早期故障特征精准识别

为了能够有效地从轴承早期故障激励的高频振动信号中提取出故障特征信息,基于最优小波包基选取方法和峭度值最大筛选原则,提出了一种改进的小波包分解（WPD）、峭度值指标（KVI）与Hilbert变换相结合的滚动轴承早期故障特征识别方法。计算选取最优小波包基,确定分解层数;采用WPD方法对轴承故障振动信号进行分解,获得若干个Node分量;基于峭度值指标最大原则筛选出有效的Node分量进行信号重构;对重构信号进行包络解调分析,提取出故障特征频率对轴承故障进行诊断。采用建立的方法对凯斯西储大学滚珠轴承外圈、内圈故障实验数据和自行开展的滚棒轴承外圈、滚动体故障实验数据进行了分析与诊断。研究结果表明：该方法能够有效提高故障信号高频分辨率、保留周期性冲击成分,并能准确有效提取出滚珠和滚棒轴承故障特征频率的1~7倍频及其与轴转频调制的系列边频带频率,实现对滚动轴承故障特征的精准识别与故障诊断。     

基于线调频小波路径追踪阶比循环平稳解调的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对变转速工况下滚动轴承的故障诊断问题,提出一种将线调频小波路径追踪算法与阶比循环平稳解调方法相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法.该方法先利用线调频小波路径追踪算法提取轴承的故障特征频率,再根据轴承的故障特征频率对变转速下时域振动信号的包络在角域等角度重采样,并对获取的角域平稳信号进行循环平稳解调,计算得到切片解调谱;最后根据切片解调谱识别滚动轴承故障.仿真分析和应用实例表明:该方法能准确提取变转速工况下滚动轴承的外圈与内圈故障故障特征,提取效果明显优于基于Wigner-Ville峰值跟踪法的包络阶次谱方法.      

基于小波包分析方法的航空发动机滚动轴承故障诊断

将小波包分析技术引入到航空发动机滚动轴承故障诊断的应用研究中,给出了基于小波包分析的滚动轴承故障特征提取方法：应用小波包分解与重构算法分离出了滚动轴承的故障特征频率,识别出了滚动轴承的故障类型。通过对实际航空发动机滚动轴承故障信号的分析表明,该方法可以有效地检测和诊断航空发动机的滚动轴承故障。     

基于小波原理的振动信号包络提取法

根据小波能对信号包络提取的原理对滚动轴承的振动信号进行了研究．应用基于小波原理的自信息包络提取法，同时把该方法应用于分析滚动轴承故障，证明该方法能更有效地提取滚动轴承的信号包络，适用于分析滚动轴承故障。     

基于小波分析的航空发动机故障诊断方法研究

小波变换是一种多分辨率的时频分析方法,应用在振动信号处理、故障诊断方面较传统方法优越。在阐述小波分析理论基础上,对某型航空发动机的振动信号进行分析,采用小波分解和信号重构的方法,提取了噪声掩盖下振动信号中的故障信息,根据航空发动机整机振动的典型故障特征频率,判断该发动机是否发生故障。     

滚动轴承故障诊断的品质因子可调小波重构方法

针对轴承早期故障诊断困难的问题,提出了基于信号共振稀疏分解与品质因子可调小波重构的滚动轴承故障诊断方法.该诊断方法首先对轴承故障信号进行共振稀疏分解获得高共振分量和低共振分量;然后对低共振分量进行品质因子可调小波重构,并结合峭度分析,筛选出最佳分析信号;最后对最佳分析信号进行希尔伯特解调分析,从而提取滚动轴承故障特征信息.通过对仿真信号和实际故障信号进行分析,该方法能有效提取轴承故障信号中的冲击成分,凸显故障特征.      

基于局部均值分解和峭度图的滚动轴承包络分析方法

提出了基于局部均值分解(local mean decomposition,LMD)和峭度图(kurtogram)的滚动轴承包络分析方法.该方法中,原始滚动轴承故障振动信号通过LMD进行自适应的频率成分分离和初步降噪,包络分析中带通滤波器的参数通过峭度图客观地提供,从而提高滚动轴承包络分析的准确度.通过对滚动轴承仿真信号以及实验信号的分析,结果表明:在低信噪比情况下,LMD可以自适应分离出滚动轴承的固有振动成分,峭度图可以自动确定包络分析中带通滤波器的参数,与传统包络分析比较,所提方法能更加清晰准确地提取滚动轴承的故障特征.      

滚动轴承故障特征提取的VMD包络切片谱分析方法

为了准确提取滚动轴承故障非平稳信号中的故障特征,提出基于变分模态分解（VMD）和包络切片谱的轴承故障特征提取方法。该方法使用VMD将轴承故障信号分解成1组模态分量,并进行Hilbert变换求取各模态分量的包络信号,进而求取包络信号的切片谱（VMD包络切片谱）来提取轴承故障特征。为了进行对比,同时对各模态分量进行幅值谱分析,得到其VMD幅值谱。分别采用VMD包络切片谱和VMD幅值谱对正常轴承振动信号、内圈故障信号、外圈故障信号、滚动体故障信号进行分析。结果表明：在VMD幅值谱中无轴承故障特征频率,在VMD包络切片谱中分别存在内圈、外圈和滚动体的故障特征频率fi、fo、fb及相关的倍频和调制频率成分,从而验证了VMD包络切片谱进行轴承故障特征提取的有效性与优越性。     

基于小波相邻系数降噪的滚动轴承早期微弱故障时频特征提取

将小波相邻系数降噪与时频小波切片变换（FSWT）相结合用于滚动轴承的早期微弱故障时频特征提取,通过对滚动轴承加速疲劳试验早期微弱故障振动数据进行分析,结果表明:小波相邻系数可以有效降低淹没滚动轴承早期微弱故障特征的背景噪声;时频小波切片变换方法能有效提取出经小波相邻系数降噪后振动信号的时频特征,即滚动轴承发生故障时的特征频率及其谐频成分,验证了所述方法的有效性.此外,通过与谱峭度时频分析结果的对比,证明所述方法更能准确扑捉到滚动轴承发生早期微弱故障时的时频特性,突出了所述方法的优越性.      

航空发动机中介轴承振动故障分析方法

针对中介轴承振动故障信号微弱、较难提取的问题,提出一种基于小波变换的航空发动机中介轴承故障诊断方法:首先对中介轴承故障信号进行小波分解,得到各层细节信号,并对细节信号进行重构;然后对重构信号进行频谱变换,从频谱图上清晰观察出中介轴承的故障特征频率。对真实发动机中介轴承故障信号进行的实例分析表明,本文方法具有较好的降噪能力,较频谱分析更能突出中介轴承的故障特征。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.