利用气动弹性的柔性振翼模型建立及分析(英文)

Making use of modal characteristics of the natural vibration of flexible structure to design the oscillating wing aircraft is proposed. A series of equations concerning the oscillating wing of flexible structures are derived. The kinetic equation for aerodynamic force coupled with elastic movement is set up, and relevant formulae are derived. The unsteady aerodynamic one in that formulae is revised. The design principle, design process and range of application of such oscillating wing analytical method are elaborated. A flexible structural oscillating wing model is set up, and relevant time response analysis and frequency response analysis are conducted. The analytical results indicate that adopting the new-type driving way for the oscillating wing will not have flutter problems and will be able to produce propulsive force. Furthermore, it will consume much less power than the fixed wing for generating the same lift.     

Adaptive Control of Helicopter Ground Resonance with Magnetorheological Damper

The methodology for adaptive control of helicopter ground resonance with magnetorheological （MR） damper is presented. The adaptive inverse control method is used to control the output damping force of MR damper and the range of the damping force is given. Through the adaptive inverse control, the damping force of MR damper is fit to a desired damping force. With the background of applying MR damper to control of helicopter ground resonance, a model of loss force and an adaptive arithmetic for stabilization of the coupled rotor/fuselage system are presented. The simulation shows that the controller presented in this paper can stabilize the rotor/fuselage coupling system quickly and control the helicopter ground resonance effectively.     

Epistemic uncertainty quantification in flutter analysis using evidence theory

Aimed at evaluating the structural stability and flutter risk of the system, this paper manages to quantify epistemic uncertainty in flutter analysis using evidence theory, including both parametric uncertainty and method selection uncertainty, on the basis of information from limited experimental data of uncertain parameters. Two uncertain variables of the actuator coupling system with unknown probability distributions, that is bending and torsional stiffness, which are both described with multiple intervals and the basic belief assignment(BBA) extricated from the modal test of actuator coupling systems, are taken into account. Considering the difference in dealing with experimental data by different persons and the reliability of various information sources, a new combination rule of evidence––the generalized lower triangular matrices method is formed to acquire the combined BBA. Finally the parametric uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty of flutter analysis method selection are considered in the same system to realize quantification. A typical rudder of missile is selected to examine the present method, and the dangerous range of velocity as well as relevant belief and plausibility functions is obtained. The results suggest that the present method is effective in obtaining the lower and upper bounds of flutter probability and assessing flutter risk of structures with limited experimental data of uncertain parameters and the belief of different methods.     

Numerical analysis for the matching of the core driven compression system in a double bypass engine

The numerical analysis for the matching of the core driven compression system in a double bypass variable cycle engine was presented in this paper.The system consists of a one-stage-core driven fan stage(CDFS),an inner bypass duct and a five-stage high pressure compressor(HPC),providing two basic operating modes: the single bypass mode and the double bypass mode.Variable vanes are necessary to realize the mode switch of the system.The correct matching in the double bypass mode requires a proper combination of the mass flow,total pressure ratio and blade speed.The work capacity of the system decreases in the double bypass mode and the pressure ratio tends to decrease more for the CDFS and the front stages of the HPC.The overall system efficiency is higher in the double bypass mode.The radial distributions of aerodynamic parameters are similar in different modes.The notable redistribution of mass flow downstream the CDFS in the single bypass mode leads to strong radial flows and additional mixing losses.The absolute flow angles into the inner bypass increase for the inner span and decrease for the outer span when the system is switched from the single bypass mode to the double bypass mode.     

Lock-in phenomenon of tip clearance flow and its influence on aerodynamic damping under specified vibration on an axial transonic compressor rotor

In this study, the lock-in phenomenon of Tip Clearance Flow(TCF) instabilities and their relationship to blade vibration are investigated numerically on an axial transonic rotor with a large tip clearance. The capabilities of simulating instability flow and lock-in phenomenon are verified on a transonic rotor and a NACA0012 airfoil by comparing with the test data, respectively.The lock-in phenomenon is first numerically confirmed that may occur to TCF instabilities when its frequency is close to...     

Damping of Ni-Mn-Ga epoxy resin composites

By combining the advantages of effcient damping and high mechanical properties,Ni-Mn-Ga particle composites have a very good prospect for applications in damping structure design.In this paper,a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni-Mn-Ga composite is prepared.Ni-Mn-Ga particle/bisphenol-A epoxy composite cantilever beam vibration tests under a magnetic feld and without the magnetic feld are conducted to analyze the structural damping ratios n.Meanwhile,the damping characteristics of the Ni-Mn-Ga composite are studied through the axial loading-unloading method and the acoustic emission signals method.The damping coeffcient of the composite for different Ni-Mn-Ga volume fractions is obtained.The interface properties of the composite are discussed by micro examination and axial loading.The relationships between the damping of the composite and that of the component materials are discussed.The specifc damping capacity（SDC）and acoustic emission counts diagram of different specimens with different Ni-Mn-Ga volume fractions are analyzed.     

A coupling VWM/CFD/CSD method for rotor airload prediction

A coupling fluid-structure method with a combination of viscous wake model(VWM),computational fluid dynamics(CFD) and comprehensive structural dynamics(CSD) modules is developed in this paper for rotor unsteady airload prediction. The hybrid VWM/CFD solver is employed to model the nonlinear aerodynamic phenomena and complicated rotor wake dynamics;the moderate deflection beam theory is implemented to predict the blade structural deformation; the loose coupling strategy based on the ‘delt method' is used to couple the fluid and structure solvers.Several cases of Helishape 7A rotor are performed first to investigate the effect of elastic deformation on airloads. Then, two challenging forward flight conditions of UH-60 A helicopter rotor are investigated, and the simulated results of wake geometry, chordwise pressure distribution and sectional normal force show excellent agreement with available test data; a comparison with traditional CFD/CSD method is also presented to illustrate the efficiency of the developed method.     

Exploration of acceptable operating range for a compression system in a double bypass engine

The variable cycle engine is distinguished by its highly adjustable compression system,whose aerodynamic characteristic is extremely complex. To explore the regulation range of a double bypass engine compression system, a multi-dimensional analysis method is developed, through which the coupling mechanism between the compressor component and the bypass is examined.The operation zones of the compressor components and the bypass system are proposed, and the operation range of the compression syste...     

Vibration suppression of thin-walled workpiece machining considering external damping properties based on magnetorheological fluids flexible fixture

Milling of the thin-walled workpiece in the aerospace industry is a critical process due to the high flexibility of the workpiece. In this paper, a flexible fixture based on the magnetorheological(MR) fluids is designed to investigate the regenerative chatter suppression during the machining.Based on the analysis of typical structural components in the aerospace industry, a general complex thin-walled workpiece with fixture and damping constraint can be equivalent as a rectangular cantilever beam. On the basis of the equivalent models, natural frequency and mode shape function of the thin-walled workpiece is obtained according to the Euler–Bernoulli beam assumptions. Then,the displacement response function of the bending vibration of the beam is represented by the product of all the mode shape function and the generalized coordinate. Furthermore, a dynamic equation of the workpiece-fixture system considering the external damping factor is proposed using the Lagrangian method in terms of all the mode shape function and the generalized coordinate, and the response of system under the dynamic cutting force is calculated to evaluate the stability of the milling process under damping control. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach are validated by the impact hammer experiments and several machining tests.     

Analysis and Testing of Microvibrations Produced by Momentum Wheel Assemblies

The microvibrations produced by momentum wheel assemblies(MWA) can degrade the performance of instruments with high pointing precision and stability on spacecraft.This paper concentrates on analyzing and testing the microvibrations produced by MWA.We analyze the disturbance sources produced by mass imbalance,structural mode,bearing irregularity and nonlinear stiffness,and random noise;then,test a well-balanced MWA by a highly sensitive measurement system consisting of a Kistler table and an optical tabletop.The results show that the test system has a resolution of less than 0.003 N in the frequency range of 3-300 Hz.The dynamic imbalance of the MWA cannot excite the radial rocking mode,but there are dynamic amplifications when the poly-harmonic disturbances intersect with the structural modes.Especially at high rotational speed(>3 000 rev/min),the main disturbance sources of the MWA come from the bearing irregularity interacting with radial translation mode in the high frequency range.Thus,bearing noise deserves more attention for the well-balanced MWA,and alternative of high quality bearings are proposed to reduce the microvibrations.     

大展弦比弹性飞机着陆特性影响因素分析

安装点广义位移、结构阻尼系数和机体弹性振动频率对着陆冲击能量耗散效率有显著影响。以大展 弦比全球鹰无人机为例,基于拉格朗日方法建立刚弹耦合的弹性飞机动力学方程,对各模态质量、广义安装位 移、频率和结构阻尼系数等参数下的着陆特性进行仿真,分析各模态质量、广义安装位移、频率和结构阻尼系数 参数对缓冲器载荷和能量耗散时间的影响。结果表明:模态质量越小,安装点广义位移越大,缓冲器载荷越小; 安装点广义位移越大,结构阻尼系数越大,弹性振动频率越小,着陆冲击耗散速率越快。     

捷联惯组空间八点减振IMU组合设计CSCD

为了研究捷联惯组空间八点减振IMU组合的力学性能及其在抑制线角耦合方面的作用,采用NX三维建模及ANSYS仿真分析工具对IMU组合的刚度、减振器的线角频率、减振性能方面进行了充分的理论验证。同时,推导出平衡机的调平原理,通过调平使IMU弹性中心与质心重合,然后对惯组进行振动试验,观察其减振性能及三向陀螺角速度输出值。结果表明,经理论分析该IMU组合模态为875.7Hz,具备足够的刚度;减振器线角频率差值在50Hz以上,具有较高的离散度。经试验验证,该IMU组合调平小于0.1mm时,减振效率不低于42%,三向陀螺角速度输出不大于11(°)/s,具有较好的力学环境适应性与极高的角速度输出特性。     

基于POD和DMD方法的跨声速抖振模态分析

跨声速抖振现象是由于非定常跨声速流动中激波的自激振荡而引起的结构强迫振荡,这种现象在跨声速飞行器中普遍存在,对飞机的结构强度和疲劳寿命有不利影响。基于模态分解的分析方法是进一步发展抖振控制手段的有效工具。本文通过两类典型模态分析方法（本征正交分解（POD）和动态模态分解（DMD））对OAT15A翼型的跨声速抖振现象进行分析,通过对模态频率、翼面压力分布、流场重构误差等方面的研究,将两种模态分解方法进行对比。发现基于频率特征的DMD方法能够准确捕捉抖振的临界稳定特征和抖振主频的典型模态,同时能够更准确反映流场变量在激波间断附近随时间的变化过程;而POD方法尽管在流场重构时具有较小的总体误差,但对激波附近压强随时间的变化历程拟合较差。     

基于正交试验的柔性联轴器设计灵敏度分析与优化研究

柔性联轴器是某型涡轮热电转换系统的核心部件,对转子动力学特性和工作可靠性有重要影响.本文针对闭式循环热电转换柔性联轴器的结构优化设计问题,开展转子固有频率与临界转速分析,设计柔性联轴器的正交试验,建立转子固有频率同柔性联轴器尺寸参数之间的数学关系;研究转子固有频率随柔性联轴器尺寸参数的变化规律,进行柔性联轴器尺寸参数灵...     

压电网络对叶盘结构气动阻尼的影响

首先通过引入气动影响系数,建立了振动相关气动力与系统振动位移成比例的线性模型。基于此导出了叶盘结构气弹耦合的线性振动方程。接着在叶盘结构中引入压电网络,建立了流 机 电耦合动力学方程;并采用集总参数等效模型研究了压电网络对叶盘结构气动阻尼的影响,对流 机 电耦合系统的特征值问题进行求解,获得了可作为系统气弹稳定性判据的模态气动阻尼比。研究表明,压电网络可以有效改善叶盘结构主要振动形式——节径型振动的气弹稳定性;通过对压电网络中电学参数进行优化设计,可以在较宽范围内提高叶盘结构的颤振边界;压电网络对弯曲振动模态气动阻尼的改善效果优于弯扭耦合振动模态。      

弹性环金属橡胶支承结构刚度设计与试验验证

 弹性环金属橡胶阻尼器(MRD/ER)是本文提出的一种有别于传统挤压油膜阻尼器的新型无油润滑转子弹性支承阻尼结构,其支承刚度主要来源于弹性环和金属橡胶,并利用金属橡胶阻尼元件提供结构阻尼。该结构具有良好的线性支承刚度且对转子振动阻尼减振效果明显,其限幅凸台限制转子系统可能出现的过大振幅,保证系统安全可靠。本文对该种弹性阻尼支承结构进行结构和动力学设计,并通过刚度阻尼性能仿真计算以及相应的试验进行验证,结果表明:在准静态试验中,阻尼器的组合刚度在大变形范围内具有良好的线性特征且具有稳定的阻尼性能;在动态试验中,结构动刚度随激振频率的增加而减小,在宽频域内具有较大的阻尼系数。     

Motion equations of hemispherical resonator and analysis of frequency split caused by slight mass non-uniformity

The mass non-uniformity of hemispherical resonator is one of reasons for frequency split, and frequency split can cause gyroscope to drift. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the relationship between mass non-uniformity and frequency split, which can provide a theoretical basis for mass balance of imperfect resonator. The starting point of error mechanism analysis for gyroscope is the motion equations of resonator. Firstly, based on the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis in the elastic thin shell theory, the geometric deformation equations of resonator are deduced. Secondly, the deformation energy equation of resonator is derived according to the vibration mode and relationship between the stress and strain of hemispherical thin shell. Thirdly, the kinetic energy equation of resonator is deduced by the Coriolis theorem. Finally, the motion equations of resonator are established by the Lagrange mechanics principle. The theoretical values of precession factor and natural frequency are calculated by the motion equations, which are substantially consistent with the ones by the finite element method and practical measurement, the errors are within a reasonable range. Simultaneously, the varying trend of natural frequency with respect to the geometrical and physical parameters of resonator by the motion equations is consistent with that by the finite element analysis. The above conclusions prove the correctness and rationality of motion equations. Similarly, the motion equations of resonator with mass non-uniformity are established by the same modeling method in case of ignoring the input angular rate and damping, and the state equations with respect to the velocity and displacement of vibration system are derived, then two natural frequencies are solved by the characteristic equation. It is concluded that one of reasons for frequency split is the 4th harmonic of mass non-uniformity, and thus much attention should be paid to minimizing the 4th harmonic of mass non-uniformity in the course of mass balancing for imperfect resonator.     

豆包阻尼器的减振特性研究

豆包阻尼器是一种以柔性约束下非连续颗粒介质为特征的阻尼器。研究了豆包阻尼器在不同振动条件下的减振特性,揭示了主系统激励力、阻尼、固有频率以及豆包和主系统之间的间隙等参数的变化对其减振效率的影响规律,得到了对工程应用有指导意义的结论。     

重型直升机飞行动力学刚弹耦合建模及空中共振稳定性分析

针对重型直升机（HLH）大重量、低转速的固有特性,提出了一种适用于重型直升机的飞行动力学刚弹耦合建模方法。该方法结合传统直升机飞行动力学与旋翼机体耦合动力学,将传统飞行力学的分析频段拓展到了5 Hz,额外考虑了桨叶和机体的弹性变形,基于阻抗匹配法推导出了显式的旋翼/机体耦合动力学方程,模拟了真实飞行状态下的直升机气弹耦合特性,利用该模型计算并分析了算例重型直升机的悬停飞行特性和空中共振稳定性。结果表明：旋翼机体耦合导致摆振前进型和机体弹性模态的阻尼-转速曲线先相互靠近至同一点再分离,可能引起直升机的高频瞬态振动;在摆振等效阻尼不足时,旋翼摆振后退型是不稳定的,但随着等效阻尼增加,摆振二阶周期型模态和机体弹性模态会出现耦合;桨叶弹性变形与机体弯曲模态及挥舞集合型耦合,但不会引起明显的不稳定现象。