SiCw／Al—Li—Cu—Mg—Zr复合材料的微观组织和性能

研究了挤压铸造法制备的ＳｉＣ＿ｗ／Ａｌ－Ｃｕ－Ｍｇ－Ｚｒ复合材料微观组织和性能。结果表明，ＳｉＣ晶粒均匀分布于基体中，复合材料中主要沉淀强化相为δ＇相、Ｓ＇相和δ＇相，ＳｉＣ＿ｗ与基体铝之间无明显的界面反应，界面附近存在δ＇相的无沉淀析出带（ＰＦＺ）。复合材料具有较高的室温强度和弹性模量，且密度低，热膨胀系数小。     

Li对Li—Mg—Si合金时效过程的影响

Ａｌ－０．６Ｍｇ－０．８Ｓｉ－０．２Ｃｒ合金中加入不同含量的Ｌｉ后，无针状Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相析出，而形成近球形ＡｌＬｉＳｉ相，δ’成为主要时效析出相。     

Li 对 Al-Mg-Si 合金时效过程的影响

Ａｌ－０．６Ｍｇ－０．８Ｓｉ－０．２Ｃｒ合金中加入不同含量的Ｌｉ后，无针状Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相析出，而形成近球形ＡｌＬｉＳｉ相，δ′成为主要时效析出相。Ｌｉ的加入量为１．７％时，δ′相体积分数和晶界析出相的线密度低，其时效硬化过程缓慢，峰值强度显著降低，但具有较好的延伸率；Ｌｉ的加入量为２．６时，δ′相体积分数高，其时效硬化速度与基体合金相近，但具有更高的峰值强度，大量δ′相的存在产生强烈的共面滑移倾向，合金的延伸率略有下降。     

Al-Li-Mg-Si合金时效行为及力学性能的研究

研究了加入1. ７％ Ｌｉ对Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金的时效析出行为及拉伸性能的影响,用Ｌｉ－ｖ 模型阐述了Ｌｉ使Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金时效下行为发生转变的机制：Ｌｉ与空位优先结合,抑制了位错环的形成及Ｓｉ, Ｍｇ 原子的扩散和聚集,从而推迟和限制了Ｇ．Ｐ．区的形成,因此, Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金中δ'相是主要强化相,Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相只有经长时间的人工时效才能在基体中均匀析出。探讨了形变时效对Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金组织和性能的影响,结果表明,时效前的预变形显著提高了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金的时效硬化速率和峰值强度,同样变形６０％ 的Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金与不含Ｌｉ的合金相比,具有相近的强度和延伸率,但前者具有较低的密度和较高的弹性模量,因此,Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金表现出良好的应用前景。     

SiCw／Al复合材料时效行为的研究

研究了６０６１Ａｌ合金和ＳｉＣＷ／６０６１Ａｌ复合材料在１７０℃、１９０℃和２２０℃三种温度下的时效析出行为，分析了峰时效温度对６０６１Ａｌ合金和ＳｉＣＷ／６０６１Ａｌ复合材料拉伸性能的影响。研究结果表明，６０６１Ａｌ合金弹性模量不随峰时效温度的提高而发生变化，屈服强度和抗拉强度随峰时效温度的提高而略有下降；ＳｉＣＷ／６０６１Ａｌ复合材料的弹性模量则随峰时效温度的提高而略有下降，ＳｉＣＷ／６０６１Ａｌ复合材料屈服强度和抗拉强度随峰时效温度的提高而明显降低。     

类6013铝合金热处理制度的研究

研究了类６０１３铝合金Ａｌ－（０．５％－１．４％）Ｃｕ－（０．５５－２％）Ｍｇ－（０．４－１．４％）Ｓｉ－（０．３５－１．３％）Ｍｎ合金铁固溶处理制度、人工时效制度及形变热处理对实验合金强度的影响。实验结果表明;Ａｌ－１．４％Ｃｕ－０．９５％Ｍｇ－０．７５％Ｓｉ－０．３５％Ｍｎ合金与Ａｌ－１．４％Ｃｕ－２％Ｍｇ－１．４％Ｓｉ－１．３％Ｍｎ合金的极限拉伸强度为４５０ＭＰａ,已远超过美国６０１３合金的     

时效对快速凝固铝锂合金组织和性能的影响

研究了时效对快速凝固Ａｌ—３．２Ｌｉ—１．２Ｍｇ—０．３Ｃｕ—０．２Ｚｒ合金拉伸性能和微观组织的影响。结果表明,低温长时间时效达到接近峰值状态,合金的综合性能优于高温短时间时效达到峰值状态的综合性能。合金中主要强化相为δ＇（Ａｌ３Ｌｉ）相,Ｃｕ、Ｍｇ起固溶强化。合金中Ｚｒ主要以亚稳态的Ａｌ３Ｚｒ存在,并同时与δ＇相形成（δ＇／Ａｌ３Ｚｒ）相。文中讨论了影响合金塑性的因素,指出界面析出相是快速凝固Ａｌ—Ｌｉ合金中值得重视的问题。     

B／Al复合材料的界面微观结构

利用透射电镜及Ｘ－射线能谱仪研究了Ｂ／Ａｌ复合材料的界面微观结构。结果表明，复合材料的界面结合状况良好，除极少数的Ａｌ４Ｃ３外没有其他界面反应产物。增强纤维由β－菱形Ｂ的超微晶粒组成，其表面涂层中除主要的Ｂ４Ｃ微晶外还存在游离的石墨碳团。Ｂ４Ｃ涂层有效地阻止了纤维与基体间除Ｍｇ以外的其他元素扩散，而由基体中扩散过来的Ｍｇ则完全被涂层中的游离碳吸附，从而阻止了Ｍｇ进一步向Ｂ纤维内扩散。     

SiC涂层/B4C改性炭基复合材料的氧化行为研究

以Ｓｉ和ＳｉＯ为硅化蒸气源,用ＣＶＲ和ＣＶＩ工艺对两种基体材料（纯石墨和Ｂ４Ｃ粒子改性石墨）进行了高温硅化处理,得到了四种复合材料：ＳｉＣ涂层／石墨（ＳＣ／Ｇ）,梯度ＳｉＣ涂层／石墨（ＧＳＣ／Ｇ）,ＳｉＣ涂层／Ｂ４Ｃ改性石墨（ＳＣ／ＢＧ）和梯度ＳｉＣ涂层／Ｂ４Ｃ改性石墨（ＧＳＣ／ＢＧ）。考察了四种复合材料在１２００℃的恒温氧化行为。同时也考察了梯度ＳｉＣ涂层／Ｂ４Ｃ改性石墨在１３００℃及经历了１０     

工艺动态

ＭｏＳｉ２复合材料可替代镍基超级合金用于飞机发动机　　美国俄亥俄州的ＣｌｅｖｅｌａｎｄＮＡＳＡ刘易斯研究中心正在研究在飞机发动机上采用ＭｏＳｉ２（二硅化钼）复合材料来替代镍基超级合金。最有希望的是在ＭｏＳｉ２基体中添加ＳｉＣ基纤维（含体积百分比３０％～５０％的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４颗粒）的复合材料。这种复合材料具有良好的抗高温氧化性能,与超级合金相比,密度低、熔化温度高,但存在低温时发脆,高温时抗蠕变性能低,热膨胀系数（ＣＴＥ）高和一种称作“瘟疫”或“瘟疫氧化”（即粉碎成粉末状）的现象。在大多数情况下,Ｍｏ…     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.