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固体火箭超燃冲压发动机补燃室构型的影响分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对不同补燃室结构参数对固体火箭超燃冲压发动机补燃室掺混燃烧性能的影响进行研究,分析各级燃烧室的长度与扩张角度对补燃室性能的影响。采用基于密度的二阶迎风格式对补燃室掺混燃烧进行模拟,湍流模型和燃烧模型分别采用SST k-ω模型和涡团耗散模型。结果表明,提高燃烧效率与降低总压损失是相互矛盾的;燃烧效率随燃烧室长度的增加而增大,随燃烧室扩张角度的增加而减小;总压恢复系数随燃烧室长度的增加而减小,随燃烧室扩张角度的增加而增大;一级燃烧室的结构参数对燃烧效率与总压恢复系数的影响最大。当补燃室的总长与出口面积一定时,以发动机的总体性能参数作为补燃室构型的优化目标,对一、二级燃烧室长度与一、三级燃烧室扩张角度进行优化。 相似文献
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《固体火箭技术》2017,(1)
针对涡轮增压器出口气流进入涡轮增压固冲发动机(Turbocharged Solid Propellant Ramjet,TSPR)补燃室后,因同轴流动而造成掺混燃烧效率不高的问题,通过对比研究ATR(Air Turbocharged Ramjet)及固冲发动机掺混燃烧增强手段,形成了一种可有效增强TSPR补燃室掺混燃烧效果的方案。继而通过数值模拟的手段对该方案的有效性和内在机理进行了讨论。最后通过TSPR工作模式的数值模拟,发现在不同富燃燃气余气系数状态下补燃室效率均能保持90%以上,验证了该方案的有效性和适用性。根据这些研究,该文认为保留驱涡燃气高速旋流配合增压空气采用一定射流角度进入燃烧室的出口流动方式能够使TSPR补燃室有效工作,燃烧效率相对原有ATR模式能够提高1倍以上;其中涡轮的旋转速度高于40 000 rpm时,经过涡轮膨胀做功的驱涡燃气使发动机比冲和补燃室温度分布情况都比较理想;增压空气采用40°~50°的射流角进行斜向射流对发动机比冲性能提高和补燃室内温度分布改善是比较有利的。 相似文献
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《固体火箭技术》2021,44(5)
为研究基于混合气体燃料的旋转爆震发动机燃烧室内流场特性,对混合气体燃料(H2+C2H4+C2H2)与空气在燃烧室内掺混的冷态流场进行了三维数值仿真研究。根据数值仿真结果,系统地描述了燃烧室内混合气体的流动特性,对比分析了不同喷注结构(燃料喷注深度、空气喷注环缝宽度)及不同的气体质量流率等因素对三维冷态流场及掺混的影响,并用掺混不均匀度定量评价了混合气体燃料与空气掺混的程度。研究结果表明,在文中给定的计算参数条件下,随着空气环缝宽度的增大,掺混效果能够得到一定提升;随着燃料喷注深度的增大,掺混效果有所下降;随着空气及燃料的质量流率的增大,燃烧室头部掺混效果略有下降,在中部掺混效果得到提升。 相似文献
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为获得电弧风洞喷管尺寸对试验流场以及模型表面热流的影响规律,针对某特定模拟参数试验状态,采用高焓流动数值模拟方法对不同尺寸锥形喷管下的球柱校核模型试验流场进行了模拟和比较分析。研究发现,在模拟气流焓值和模型驻点热流的条件下,采用出口尺寸小的喷管所需电弧加热功率更低,同时单位流向截面上气流能量转化为模型驻点气动热的比例更低。不同喷管出口尺寸下,试验流场喷管出口区域热力学非平衡程度、波后氧原子质量分数、模型驻点区域压力以及表面传导热流和扩散热流占比都比较接近,但相较飞行状态存在明显差异;不同喷管出口尺寸下来流速度、激波脱体距离以及驻点线上平动温度之间的差异明显,喷管出口尺寸越大,其与飞行状态越接近。 相似文献
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通过数值模拟的方法从冷态方面研究了金属/水反应冲压发动机二次掺混室内横流气体和通过压力旋流喷嘴雾化的液滴群的掺混情况.提出了掺混度、不均匀浓度因子和等浓度线这3种特征量作为评价指标,分析了不同喷嘴入射角度情况下,液滴群对横向交叉气流的影响以及气流对液滴群掺混的作用.结果表明,液滴群的加入使气流中产生了尺度不同的涡,促进了湍流;喷嘴附近的掺混初始阶段,大涡作用使液滴分布很不均匀,喷嘴下游,涡的尺度减小,对液滴的扩散影响减弱,但初始的喷雾形态和液滴趋向高应变和低涡量区域造成了壁面处液滴浓度仍然高于其他区域;喷嘴垂直无偏入射的掺混优于轴向或切向入射;轴向向上游偏转入射优于向下游偏转入射;切向偏转角度越大,越不利于掺混. 相似文献
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Two-phase flow effect on hybrid rocket combustion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study numerically explores the aerodynamic and combustion processes in a hybrid rocket combustor, under a two-phase turbulent flow environment, considering the evaporation, combustion and drag of droplet and droplet ignition criterion. The predictions of temperature, reaction mode, reactant mass fraction, velocity, oxidizer consumption, fuel regression and droplet number distribution enhance understanding of the two-phase combustion aerodynamics inside the combustor. A parametric study of the inlet spray pattern, including spray cone angle, spray injection velocity and droplet size, is performed to improve the operation of reactant mixing and higher fuel regression rate. Analytical results indicate that both the oxidizer consumption and the fuel regression increase with increasing spray cone angle and spray injection velocity in the practical range of operation. However, for stoichiometric operation, the superior spray cone angle is within 20–60°, and spray injection velocity within 20–40 m/s, under a volume-mean droplet radius of 50 μm. The power dependence of solid-fuel regression on total mass flux is found to decrease with rising of droplet mean size. 相似文献
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某型冲压燃烧室火焰稳定器布局数值优化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究不同火焰稳定器布局对燃烧室流场特征和燃烧性能的影响,对某型亚燃冲压发动机燃烧室的三维湍流燃烧流场进行了数值模拟。文中采用守恒标量的PDF模型处理扩散燃烧问题,喷雾采用离散相模型,在全流场中用拉格朗日方法跟踪离散液滴的运动和输运。计算结果表明,内外圈稳定器轴向间距取1倍槽宽时出口温度分布最均匀,取2倍槽宽时温升效率最高;等槽负荷原则设计具有最优的出口温度均匀性、温升效率和流阻系数。计算结果定性合理,可用于预估不同条件下的燃烧室性能,用于燃烧室优化设计,指导燃烧试验。 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2016,(1)
This paper focused on the fundamental and applied research of turbulent flows encountered in the hypersonic flight of aerospace vehicles,which take place in the boundary layer and mixing layer.As to the plate boundary layer,LES approach has been used to simulate the flows over compression corners and incident shock waves,revealing that turbulent flows would significantly inhibit the boundary layer separation caused by shock wave-boundary layer interaction(SWBLI).The boundary layer transition over a circular cone has been analyzed through stability analysis and wind-tunnel test,by which the angle-of-attack effect in case of small angle of attack has been studied.Non-linear evolution process and secondary instability structure in the supersonic mixing layer(Mc=0.5) were initially figured out through the study of mixing layer,and knowledge of the flow control mechanism of the boundary layer and mixing enhancement mechanism of the mixing layer has been obtained through this research.Artificial boundary-layer transition technique based on subharmonic resonance has been proposed and applied to the flow control in a scramjet inlet,inhibiting the flow separation of the boundary layer while improving the inlet performance.To guarantee the mixing of kerosene and supersonic airflow in the scramjet combustor,the mixing enhancement method based on subharmonic resonance has been adopted and a concept of combustor with smooth wall and low internal drag has been proposed for ignition and stable combustion.Finally,future turbulence research and technological development of aerospace vehicles is predicted. 相似文献
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The three-dimensional coupled implicit Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and the two equation standard k–ε turbulence model has been employed to numerically simulate the cold flow field in a typical cavity-based scramjet combustor. The numerical results show reasonable agreement with the schlieren photograph and the pressure distribution available in the open literature. The pressure distribution after the first pressure rise is under-predicted. There are five shock waves existing in the cold flow field of the referenced combustor. The first and second pressure rises on the upper wall of the combustor are predicted accurately with the medium grid. The other three shock waves occur in the core flow of the combustor. The location of the pressure rise due to these three shock waves could not be predicted accurately due to the presence of recirculation zone downstream of the small step. Further, the effect of length-to-depth ratio of the cavity and the back pressure on the wave structure in the combustor has been investigated. The obtained results show that there is an optimal length-to-depth ratio for the cavity to restrict the movement of the shock wave train in the flow field of the scramjet combustor. The low velocity region in the cavity affects the downstream flow field for low back pressure. The intensity of the shock wave generated at the exit of the isolator depends on the back pressure at the exit of the combustor and this in turn affects the pressure distribution on the upper wall of the combustor. 相似文献
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单喷嘴燃烧流场仿真研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
运用CFD技术,采用涡扩散(EDC,eddy dissipation concept)模型对某发动机单喷嘴燃烧的稳态燃烧流场进行了数值模拟,得到了燃烧室内的压力、速度、温度及燃气组分等参数的分布情况,并对其混合程度进行了评估。结构改进前后的计算结果对比表明,适当增加中心喷嘴的壁厚和缩进长度有利于燃烧室火焰的附着和提高燃烧室流场的均匀程度。 相似文献
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基于气体动力学和计算流体力学的相关理论,采用CFD-ACE+流场计算软件,对液体亚燃燃烧室点火装置单独工作时的稳态流场进行了数值模拟.在试验验证的基础上分析了点火器室压、点火导管内径和导管的结构形式对火焰点火性能的影响.结果表明:当点火器室温和燃气流量恒定时,若保持管道的扩张比不变,选用较低室压的点火器更利于点火;在一定范围内增大导管内径可以提高火焰的点火性能;燃气在直管内的流动损失较小,出口射流的速度较高,穿透深度较大,带弯头的点火导管出口火焰特征类似,有无弯头对火焰的影响很大,而角度差异产生的影响很小. 相似文献
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以飞行马赫数为4.5Ma的RBCC发动机典型工作状态为研究背景,采用大涡模拟研究了支板火箭射流和空气来流形成的超声速反应混合层的掺混燃烧过程,获得了燃烧室内详细的流场结构和流动特征,分析了强射流条件下超声速反应混合层的特性。结果表明由于速度梯度的存在,火箭射流进入燃烧室后与空气来流形成环形剪切层,剪切层内丰富的旋涡结构主导火箭射流和空气来流的掺混燃烧,随着湍流能量的串级输运,化学反应过程中释放的能量将被转化成细观尺度的湍流动能,大尺度旋涡将能量传递给小尺度旋涡并最终耗散,细小尺度的旋涡一方面能够促进燃烧反应物的掺混并强化燃烧过程,另一方面会给化学反应过程带来强烈的脉动,使得局部火焰淬灭,火焰结构表现出明显的非定常性。 相似文献