航空精密工件高精磨削的研究

零件在外圆磨床上加工时受两个力的作用,一是受零件磨削力的影响,二是受外圆磨床尾座对顶力的影响,尤其细长杆零件受力变形较为明显。为了在加工过程中避免零件变形而影响加工精度,通过使用ANSYS对零件进行有限元分析,控制两个方向力的大小,并对这两个方向力进行逐一分析,并配合高速磨削加工,确定进刀量、磨削速度、零件转速及对顶力等磨削参数,并对上述分析方法进行延伸扩展。     

平面磨削钛合金时磨削力和磨削温度的试验研究

磨削力和磨削温度是磨削过程的两个重要物理量,影响着被加工零件的精度和表面质量.我们按照正交试验法选择砂轮速度、工件速度、磨削深度为试验因素,进行钛合金磨削试验,建立了磨削力和磨削温度经验公式.并且分析了磨削力和磨削温度随磨制过程所表现出来的规律.     

喷嘴类零件精密磨削工艺难点与解决方法

通过分析喷嘴类零件精密磨削的工艺难点,分别对喷嘴类零件的材料特点、加工精度、表面及特殊工艺过程进行深入研究,根据零件结构优化磨削工艺次序及切削方式,合理选择工艺基准及顶紧力,研制专用装夹工装及修整砂轮外形。结果表明这些磨削工艺方法能够满足喷嘴类零件精密磨削的加工精度要求,具有一定的参考价值。     

砂带磨削300M钢的试验研究

为了防止磨削烧伤并提高零件的疲劳强度，对３００Ｍ超高强度钢进行了砂轮磨削和砂带磨间的对比试验。试验结果表明，砂带磨削效果优于砂轮磨削，导致这一结果的原因在于砂带磨削与砂轮磨削有着不同的加工机理。     

碳化硼材料动压气浮轴承零件精密加工

针对高精度、高硬度、高脆性碳化硼材料的动压气浮轴承零件精密加工存在加工合格率低和效率低的问题,进行了加工流程、精密磨削与精密研磨的技术改进。首先,采用电火花套切方法去除大部分加工余量、小余量精密磨削和精密研磨加工的工艺方法,提高了轴承零件加工效率。其次,通过设计制作专用高精度定位磨削夹具和金刚石砂轮修整装置,解决了轴承零件磨削加工形位精度不高和砂轮无法进行在位修整的问题。最后,通过研制圆柱面精密研磨机,解决由于原有研磨设备精度差造成的加工质量和效率低的问题。通过采取技术改进措施,实现了碳化硼轴承零件亚微米级形位精度的磨削加工,提高了轴承零件的加工精度、合格率和加工效率。     

非圆等距型面轮廓X-C轴联动高速磨削试验北大核心CSCD

针对非圆等距型面轮廓磨削加工存在表面质量差的问题,建立基于恒磨除率X-C轴联动磨削理论模型。选用陶瓷CBN砂轮进行三弧段非圆等距型面轮廓的高速磨削正交试验,探究砂轮线速度、工件速度和磨削深度对磨削比能、切向磨削力、磨削温度、表面粗糙度的影响规律。分析表明,砂轮线速度对切向磨削力、表面形貌的影响最大,磨削深度对磨削比能、磨削温度、表面粗糙度的影响最大。进行表面形貌观测未探测到明显的磨削烧伤区域,证明恒磨除率X-C轴联动磨削方式可用于非圆等距型面轮廓磨削加工。     

碳纤维陶瓷基复合材料的磨削加工研究进展

综述了磨削参数、纤维方向、不同加工方式以及其他因素对磨削力和表面质量的影响规律;总结了不同加工方式下的碳纤维陶瓷基复合材料的磨削机理;展望了碳纤维陶瓷基复合材料磨削加工的研究方向。     

精密异形零件的CBN砂轮磨削研究

提出一种采用直线电机，直接驱动弹性刀架做往复运动的微位移进给机构磨削高精度异形截面零件的方法。用微型计算机进行数字控制，用陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮进行磨削加工，对系统的控制方法。CBN砂轮的磨削工艺、砂轮的修整进行了研究，通过对高速防滑三瓣波轴承以及活塞硬靠模的加工实验，得到了较好的轮廓曲线和表面粗糙度．     

高效抗疲劳磨削加工技术研究

通过对航空领域难加工材料磨削加工技术的分析,给出了高效抗疲劳磨削加工技术的概念和意义,并结合高效抗疲劳磨削中的关键技术,以及高效抗疲劳对现代磨削加工技术的要求,阐述了磨削加工过程中的新技术和新工艺,提出了表面完整性高效磨削技术:即在保证零件表面完整性的同时实现对磨削参数的优化选择,从而实现高效磨削,为表面完整性高效抗疲...     

曲面磨削表面微观形貌建模方法研究

针对现有磨削表面微观形貌建模方法仅对某一类特定零件有效,提出了一种适用于空间曲面零件加工的磨削形貌建模方法。基于曲面磨削加工原理,建立砂轮坐标系与曲面零件坐标系之间的齐次变换矩阵,获得磨粒的三维运动轨迹方程。通过提出曲面区域逼近求解算法,建立曲面磨削表面微观形貌预测模型。并以展成法磨削齿轮和磨削轴承内套为例,得到两类实验与仿真结果之间的误差最大为11.338%和18.91%,验证了本文提出的预测模型的有效性与科学性。     

Application of novel force control strategies to enhance robotic abrasive belt grinding quality of aero-engine blades

Robotic belt grinding has emerged as a finishing process in recent years for machining components with high surface finish and flexibility.The surface machining consistency, however,is difficult to be guaranteed in such a process.To overcome this problem, a method of hybrid force-position control combined with PI/PD control is proposed to be applied in robotic abrasive belt grinding of complex geometries.Voltage signals are firstly obtained and transformed to force information with signal conditioning methods.Secondly, zero drift and gravity compensation algorithms are presented to calibrate the F/T transducer which is installed on the robot end-effector.Next, a force control strategy combining hybrid force-position control with PI/PD control is introduced to be employed in robotic abrasive belt grinding operations where the force control law is applied to the Z direction of the tool frame and the positon control law is used in the X direction of the tool frame.Then, the accuracy of the F/T transducer and the robotic force control system is analyzed to ensure the stability and reliability of force control in the robotic grinding process.Finally, two typical cases on robotic belt grinding of a test workpiece and an aero-engine blade are conducted to validate the practicality and effectiveness of the force control technology proposed.     

Prediction on grinding force during grinding powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 with electroplated CBN abrasive wheel

In this article, a grinding force model, which is on the basis of cutting process of single abrasive grains combined with the method of theoretical derivation and empirical formula by analyzing the formation mechanism of grinding force, was established. Three key factors have been taken into accounts in this model, such as the contact friction force between abrasive grains and materials, the plastic deformation of material in the process of abrasive plowing, and the shear strain effect of material during the process of cutting chips formation. The model was finally validated by the orthogonal grinding experiment of powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 by using the electroplated CBN abrasive wheel. Grinding force values of prediction and experiment were in good consistency. The errors of tangential grinding force and normal grinding force were 9.8% and 13.6%, respectively. The contributions of sliding force, plowing force and chip formation force were also analyzed. In addition, the tangential forces of sliding, plowing and chip formation are 14%, 19% and 11% of the normal forces on average, respectively. The pro-posed grinding force model is not only in favor of optimizing the grinding parameters and improving grinding efficiency, but also contributes to study some other grinding subjects (e.g. abrasive wheel wear, grinding heat, residual stress).     

磨削钛合金的磨削力数学模型

本文以磨削钛合金的粘附现象为基础,分析了磨削力与粘附面积百分率间的关系,并导出了磨削力数学模型。该模型计及由于切削工件材料而产生的力以及由于粘到工作磨粒上的工件材料与工件相互接触而产生的力。试验结果证明该模型对钛合金磨削是适用的。     

Modelling of grinding mechanics: A review

Grinding is one of the most widely used material removal methods at the end of many process chains. Grinding force is related to almost all grinding parameters, which has a great influence on material removal rate, dimensional and shape accuracy, surface and subsurface integrity, thermodynamics, dynamics, wheel durability, and machining system deformation. Considering that grinding force is related to almost all grinding parameters, grinding force can be used to detect grinding wheel wear, energy calculation, chatter suppression, force control and grinding process simulation. Accurate prediction of grinding forces is important for optimizing grinding parameters and the structure of grinding machines and fixtures. Although there are substantial research papers on grinding mechanics, a comprehensive review on the modeling of grinding mechanics is still absent from the literature. To fill this gap, this work reviews and introduces theoretical methods and applications of mechanics in grinding from the aspects of modeling principles, limitations and possible future trendencies.     

Thermomechanical coupling effect on characteristics of oxide film during ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID grinding ZTA ceramics

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID (UVA-ELID) grinding is utilized as a novel and highly efficient processing method for hard and brittle materials such as ceramics. In this study, the UVA-ELID grinding ZTA ceramics is employed to investigate the influence of thermomechanical loading on the characteristics of oxide film. Based on the fracture mechanics of material, the model of internal stress for oxide film damage is proposed. The thermomechanical loading is composed of mechanical force and the thermal stress generating from grinding temperature. The theoretical model is established for the mechanical force, thermal stress and internal stress respectively. Then the finite element analysis method is used to simulate the theoretical model. The mechanical force and grinding temperature is measured during the actual grinding test. During the grinding process, the effect of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth on the thermomechanical force and the characteristics of oxide film is analyzed. Compared with the conventional ELID (C-ELID) grinding, the mechanical force decreased by 25.6% and 22.4% with the increase of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth respectively, and the grinding temperature declined by 10.7% and 12.8% during the UVA-ELID grinding. The thermal stress in the latter decreased by 16.3% and 20.8% respectively, and internal stress reduced by 12.3% and 15.6%. It was experimentally found that the topographies of oxide layer on the surface of the wheel and the machined surface in the latter was better than that in the former. The results indicate that the action of ultrasonic vibration establish a significant effect on the processing. Subsequently, it should be well considered for future reference when processing the ZTA ceramics.     

Analysis of grinding mechanics and improved grinding force model based on randomized grain geometric characteristics

Too high grinding force will lead to a large increase in specific grinding energy, resulting in high temperature in grinding zone, especially for the aerospace difficult cutting metal materials,seriously affecting the surface quality and accuracy. At present, the theoretical models of grinding force are mostly based on the assumption of uniform or simplified morphological characteristics of grains, which is inconsistent with the actual grains. Especially for non-engineering grinding wheel,most g...     

基于模糊信息粒化和优化支持向量机的氧化铝陶瓷超声磨削力趋势预测

为实现超声磨削氧化铝陶瓷中磨削力变化趋势的预测,提出了一种基于模糊信息粒化和支持向量机相结合的方法。首先进行氧化铝陶瓷超声磨削试验,然后利用模糊信息粒化方法对试验获得的磨削力进行粒化处理,并将人工免疫系统算法和粒子群算法进行并联混编构成人工免疫系统粒子群算法(AISPSO),接着建立非线性回归支持向量机预测模型并对模糊粒子进行预测,并通过AISPSO算法优化支持向量机预测模型,最后获得超声磨削氧化铝陶瓷中磨削力的变化趋势和变化范围。结果表明:该方法可以有效实现超声磨削中磨削力的变化趋势及变化范围预测,且预测未来5组数据变化范围的误差在10%以内,这为通过磨削力变化调整工艺参数以获得更好的加工表面提供了新的思路。     

单颗磨粒磨削实验及其数值模拟的研究进展

单颗磨粒磨削是研究复杂磨削机理的重要手段,本文从单颗磨粒磨削过程和磨粒形状的角度阐述了磨削基础理论;概述了国内外学者以实验研究单颗磨粒的材料去除、切削力行为;基于数值模拟,探讨了不同工艺参数对单颗磨粒磨削力、磨削温度、工件表面质量的影响规律。最后就这一方向的深入研究工作做了展望。     

Development of a new high-shear and low-pressure grinding wheel and its grinding characteristics for Inconel718 alloy

Nickel-based alloy has been widely used due to its outstanding mechanical properties.However, Nickel-based alloy is a typical difficult-to-machine material, which is a great constrain for its application in the manufacturing field. To improve the surface quality of the ground workpiece, a new high-shear and low-pressure grinding wheel, with high ratio of tangential grinding force to normal grinding force, was fabricated for the grinding of selective laser melting(SLM) manufactured Inconel718 all...     

ELID超精密镜面磨削过程中磨削力变化规律的试验分析

通过对ＥＬＩＤ磨削过程中磨削力变化规律的试验分析,并对试验结果进行了讨论,得出ＥＬＩＤ磨削力与磨削深度、磨粒粒度、磨削时间等之间的变化规律。