热变形条件对含银Al-Cu-Mg耐热铝合金流变应力和组织的影响

采用热模拟试验对一种含银Al-Cu-Mg耐热铝合金进行热压缩试验,研究了合金在热压缩变形温度和应变速率分别为340～500℃,0.001～10s-1的条件下的流变应力行为和变形组织.结果表明:合金的流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大,随变形温度的升高而减小.该合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述,也可用Zener-Hollomon参数来描述,其变形激活能为196.27kJ/mol.在较低的变形温度或较高的应变速率下,合金组织中主要存在沿垂直于压缩方向拉长了的晶粒.随着变形温度的升高或应变速率的降低,拉长的晶粒发生粗化,并且合金中出现了再结晶晶粒,说明合金中的主要软化机制逐步由动态回复转变为动态再结晶.该合金较适宜的热轧温度为380～460℃,应变速率为0.1～10s-1.     

7050高强度铝合金流变行为研究

通过等温压缩试验研究了7050铝合金在变形温度300~450℃、应变速率0.01 s-1~10s-1条件下的流变应力变化规律,计算并建立了描述7050铝合金高温变形特性的本构方程.结果表明:变形温度和应变速率对7050铝合金流变应力影响显著,随变形温度升高和变形速率的降低,相同变形程度下合金的流变应力显著降低,并且在较低的应变下合金即可达到稳态流变状态.经计算,在本试验条件下,7050铝合金的热变形激活能为151.63 kJ/mol.     

高强高韧Al-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr-Zn-Mn合金热变形行为

在Gleeble～1500热模拟实验机上，采用高温等温压缩，应变速率为0．001～10／s，变形温度为360～520％，对通用型铝锂合金在高温压缩变形中的流变应力行为进行了研究，分析了其高温变形的物理本质。结果表明：在等应变速率下，真应力随温度的升高而降低；在相同的变形温度下，随应变速率的增加，流变应力水平升高。在较低的变形速率及较高的变形温度条件下热变形时，通用型铝锂合金容易发生动态再结晶。而变形速率较高，变形温度较低时，通用型铝锂合金可能发生剪切变形，热变形过程中则主要发生动态回复。     

一种高硅镍铜合金高温热压缩变形的研究

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟材料实验机,对高硅镍铜合金铸态试样分别在温度为T1,T2,T3,T4,应变速率为S1,S2,S3,S4,S5时进行压缩变形.对该合金的高温塑性变形行为和热压缩后的组织演变规律进行了研究.分析了流变应力与应变速率和温度的关系,计算出了应力指数和变形激活能.结果表明,流变应力随应变速率的增加而增加,随温度的升高而减小,并且该合金在高温变形条件下发生动态再结晶.     

TA7钛合金高温流变行为研究

通过热压缩试验研究了TA7钛合金在变形温度850~1000℃、应变速率0.001~0.1s-1条件下的流变应力变化规律,计算并建立了描述TA7钛合金高温变形特性的本构方程。结果表明:变形温度和应变速率对TA7钛合金流变应力影响显著,随变形温度升高和变形速率的降低,相同变形程度下合金的流变应力显著降低,并且在较低的应变下合金即可达到稳态流变状态。     

喷射成形超高强铝合金热压缩过程中的流变行为

采用Gleeble3500热模拟试验机进行热压缩试验,研究了经热等静压(HIP)致密化的喷射成形Al-10.8Zn-2.8 Mg-1.9 Cu-0.12 Zr铝合金锭坯的流变应力行为。采用线性拟合的方法建立了合金的本构方程与热加工图,利用背散射电子衍射技术(EBSD)表征了变形条件下热压样品的微观组织。结果表明,喷射成形铝合金具有较高的变形激活能,但加工性相对较差,合适的加工温度为380~405℃,应变速率不宜超过0.5s-1;变形温度和应变速率对合金的流变应力有非常显著的影响,合金峰值应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增加而增加;高应变速率和较低温度有利于形成并保留更多的亚晶结构。     

7150铝合金热变形行为及微观组织

采用Gleeble热模拟机进行热压缩实验,研究7150铝合金在变形温度为300~450℃、应变速率为0.01~10s-1条件下的变形行为,采用Zener-Hollomon参数法构建合金高温塑性变形本构方程,并对变形后的微观组织进行分析。研究表明:7150铝合金的流变应力随应变速率增大而增大,随变形温度增大而降低。该合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程描述,其参数A为4.161×1014s-1,α为0.01956 MPa-1,n为5.14336,热变形激活能Q为229.7531k J/mol。随着温度升高和应变速率降低,动态再结晶逐渐取代动态回复成为合金的主要软化机制。     

Ti-46Al-6(Cr,Nb,Si,B)合金高温变形特性研究

采用Thermecmaster-Z型热压缩试验机,在900~1250℃温度范围内、和10-3~1s-1应变速率条件下对铸态和挤压态Til-46Al-6(Cr,Nb,Si,B)at%合金(以下简称G4合金)进行了热压缩模拟试验,建立了两种状态下G4合金的加工图.并以加工图为基础,结合组织观察,研究了高温下该合金的变形特性.结果表明:G4合金的高温变形性能受温度和应变速率强烈影响,并呈现不同特征;流变应力随变形温度升高而减小,随应变速率增大而增大;挤压态G4合金具有比铸态G4合金更好的稳定流变能力和更宽的可热加工窗口;动态再结晶(DRX)是导致G4合金流变软化和稳定流变的主要原因;铸态G4合金的最佳变形温度为1150~1200℃,应变速率为10-2.5～10-3s-1,挤压态G4合金的最佳变形温度为1050~1150℃,应变速率为10-1.5~10-2.5s-1;G4合金的主要失效模式包括表面开裂、局部流动和楔形开裂.     

粉末冶金TiAl合金的热变形行为研究

在Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机上对粉末冶金TiAl合金进行热压缩试验,变形温度为1050~1200℃,,应变率0.001~0.1 s-1,工程应变量为50%,研究其在高温压缩变形中的流变应力行为。研究结果表明:在实验范围内,粉末冶金TiAl合金在热压缩变形过程中发生了明显的动态再结晶,其流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大,随变形温度的升高而降低;粉末冶金TiAl合金热压缩变形过程的流变行为可用包含Arrhenius项的Zener-Hollomon参数来描述,所获得的峰值应力表达式为:σ=90.91ln{(Z/1.68×1016)1/2.06+[(Z/1.68×1016)2/2.06+1]1/2},其变形激活能为477.56kJ/mol,经验算该方程可以较好地描述该合金的变形特点。     

镍基粉末高温合金FGH98流变曲线特性及本构方程

通过对第三代镍基粉末高温合金FGH98进行热模拟压缩实验,得到了不同温度(1050～1110℃)和不同应变速率下(0.01～1s-1)的真应力-真应变曲线.根据其特点分析了该合金的流变应力与温度和应变速率以及应变量的关系.由实验结果得出:该曲线呈典型的热激活特征,合金流变应力对变形温度和应变速率敏感.在此基础上选用Ar...     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.