惯性系姿态确定的SINS晃动基座初始对准算法

在晃动基座下,载体将受到外界干扰(例如阵风和海浪),从而使传统解析粗对准无法完成捷联惯导系统(SINS)初始对准过程。基于此,采用SINS惯性系姿态确定初始对准算法解决SINS晃动基座初始对准,并使用Davenport-q递归算法实现其姿态确定过程。传统惯性系初始对准算法直接采用构造重力矢量观测来实现初始对准过程,可能会引起矢量构造共线,从而造成初始对准过程姿态计算震荡,降低其对准性能。通过分析晃动基座初始对准实际条件,提出了采用构造速度矢量观测来实现其对准过程,可以充分利用积分平滑作用,抑制周期性噪声和高斯白噪声,从而可以提高其对准性能。最后,通过SINS某码头系泊状态的对比测试试验进行验证,采用速度观测矢量完成SINS姿态确定初始对准时,其误差曲线将更加平滑,并具有优越的性能。     

纬度未知条件下捷联惯导系统晃动基座的初始对准

针对纬度未知条件下捷联惯导系统(SINS)晃动基座的初始对准问题,提出晃动基座下的纬度估计算法和初始对准方法。前者通过惯性坐标系下两个不同时刻的重力加速度向量的夹角来求取纬度;后者利用惯性坐标系下的姿态更新来实时地反映载体在晃动干扰下的姿态变化,结合初始姿态的最优估计实现初始对准。理论分析表明,本文提出的纬度估计算法的误差主要由加速度计误差决定,陀螺误差和晃动干扰对其影响很小。仿真结果表明,本文提出的纬度估计算法和初始对准方法适用于纬度未知条件下晃动基座的初始对准。     

箭载SINS快速自对准技术

为适应运载火箭快速发射需求,捷联惯导系统采用自对准技术逐渐取代了复杂的光学瞄准系统。针对初始对准中Kalman滤波器收敛缓慢的问题,提出了基于低通滤波的运载火箭快速自对准方法。该方法基于凝固惯性系自对准算法,采用移动窗双矢量构造方案,实现了自对准实时解算。通过在凝固惯性系间姿态转换矩阵后端引入低通滤波器,降低杆臂效应引起的有害加速度影响,保证自对准精度。该方法不需要进行复杂的Kalman滤波运算,能够快速收敛,工程实现简单。数字仿真和试验数据表明,采用基于低通滤波的凝固惯性系自对准方法可以达到Kalman滤波对准同等级精度的同时缩短对准时间到5min以内,验证了该方法的有效性。     

车载单天线GPS/MEMS-SINS组合对准算法

捷联式惯性导航系统（SINS）需要精确的初始姿态信息进行姿态、速度和位置解算,而微机电系统（MEMS）惯性传感器由于精度限制无法完成自对准。为了解决这个问题,提出一种基于单天线GPS测姿和MEMS SINS的组合对准算法。采用单天线GPS在载体稳定协调运动条件下给出粗略的航向角信息,进行姿态粗对准。在精对准阶段,使用GPS提供的载体的航向角、位置和速度信息作为观测量,建立Kalman滤波器,对捷联式惯性系统的误差项进行估计,得到精确的姿态矩阵（DCM）,完成对准。经过仿真和车载试验验证,对准后的俯仰角和横滚角均方误差在0.1°内,航向角均方误差在0.5°以内。表明算法可以在运动条件下完成载体的对准要求,有一定的实用价值。     

扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准影响分析及优化方法

针对扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准精度影响较大的问题,通过分析惯性体坐标系下重力加速度积分矢量的物理含义,给出了受扰动线运动影响的惯性系粗对准的误差分析。并在此基础上提出了基于位移积分矢量构造定姿矢量矩阵的抗扰动粗对准算法,利用对速度积分矢量进一步积分得到的3个时间点的位移积分矢量构建姿态解算矩阵,抑制扰动线运动对粗对准精度的影响。仿真结果表明,该算法可有效减小扰动线运动影响下的对准结果振动幅值,能够快速收敛到满足精对准使用的精度范围,从而提高武器装备环境适应性。     

扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准影响分析及优化方法

针对扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准精度影响较大的问题，通过分析惯性体坐标系下重力加速度积分矢量的物理含义，给出了受扰动线运动影响的惯性系粗对准的误差分析。并在此基础上提出了基于位移积分矢量构造定姿矢量矩阵的抗扰动粗对准算法，利用对速度积分矢量进一步积分得到的3个时间点的位移积分矢量构建姿态解算矩阵，抑制扰动线运动对粗对准精度的影响。仿真结果表明，该算法可有效减小扰动线运动影响下的对准结果振动幅值，能够快速收敛到满足精对准使用的精度范围，从而提高武器装备环境适应性。     

基于UKF的大失准角船舶行进间对准技术研究

由于标准卡尔曼滤波只适用于线性系统,通常在SINS/GPS组合导航初始对准过程中,先通过基于惯性系的粗对准方法,将失准角转化为小量,然后再进行卡尔曼滤波精对准。由于杆臂效应,使用的基准信息存在一定误差,导致初始对准精度降低。因此,首先设计UKF的大失准角初始对准算法;其次将基准信息杆臂在UKF方程中建模,对杆臂误差进行补偿;最后通过仿真验证算法的可行性,并利用海试实验数据对UKF算法与传统动基座算法进行对比,实验结果表明该方法具有明显优势。     

基于惯性系双积分的分布式POS抗干扰对准方法

分布式P OS是一种基于惯性/卫星组合技术的柔性基线多节点高精度时空测量系统,是多任务航空遥感载荷高精度成像的关键装置.然而,外部扰动及节点间的柔性连接使得分布式P OS不能采用传统解析粗对准方法进行高精度初始对准.为实现分布式P OS系统在外部扰动下获得高精度初始姿态,提出了基于惯性系双积分的抗干扰对准方法,通过双积分去噪原理极大降低外部扰动影响,最后对算法进行了三轴转台实验和飞行实验验证.实验结果表明,该方法能够有效隔离载体的动态干扰,实现了分布式P OS各节点初始姿态信息的高精度测量.     

一种线运动扰动环境下基于惯性凝固系抗干扰自对准优化算法研究

传统惯性凝固性对准技术可有效隔离角运动干扰环境对捷联惯导自对准精度的影响,但对线运动环境下的抗干扰能力不足.据此,在深入分析线运动干扰对捷联惯导惯性凝固系下自对准精度影响途径之上,对线运动干扰环境划分为速度周期波动、突跳以及速度短期线性漂移.提出采用积分降噪、载体惯性系速度递推拟合与基于带遗忘因子递推最小二乘的速度慢漂提取技术相结合的抗干扰自对准优化算法,并进行了试验验证.试验结果表明,本算法可在5min内实现1.3mil的抗干扰自对准精度.     

一种弱重力环境下的高速旋转载体滚动角快速对准方法

为解决高速旋转载体无控飞行段弱重力环境下惯导空中动基座对准问题，研究了基于旋转载体惯性信息特征的滚动角快速对准方法。首先分析了旋转载体的惯性信息特征。针对这一特征，提出了一种基于载波相位跟踪的滚动角对准方法，仅利用Y轴陀螺或Z轴陀螺信息即可实现滚动角的快速对准。为进一步提高该方法的适应性，充分利用Y轴陀螺或Z轴陀螺的信息，提出了一种基于双信源信息融合的惯导滚动角对准方法，以实现最优的滚动角跟踪结果。仿真与试验结果表明，该方法可在不依赖卫星、无初始姿态角且载体失重的条件下，5s内完成滚动角快速对准，且对准精度优于3°。该方法可自适应地剔除异常滚动角跟踪结果，有效提高了高速旋转载体用惯性导航系统对复杂力学环境的适应性与可靠性。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.