激光全息干涉术用于航空梁架结构模型的振动分析

本文叙述激光全息干涉术在航空梁架结构振动分析中的应用。采用激光全息照相得到了两种简化模型的五阶振型图。同时应用振动理论计算了两种模型的固有频率值以及各阶振型的节线分布,两者进行比较,结果十分接近,这表明了实验结果和理论计算结果是可靠的。对一个航空梁架结构的两种简化模型（三梁和五梁）的振动分析表明,其五阶振型存在着较大的差别,这表明了模型简化中存在着刚度的差别。简单的三梁简化模型在多梁机翼的模拟上具有误差,而五梁简化模型得到可靠论证。     

Effects of a Finite-Width Decision Threshold on Binary CPSK and FSK Communication Systems

The function of the receiver in a binary digital communication system is to make a binary (?space?, ?mark? or ?"0?, ?1?) decision by comparing the signal values from the mark and space filters (or correlators) at known successive time intervals (?bit? or ?baud? time intervals). When the signal value out of the mark filter is greater than that out of the space filter, it is decided that mark or 1 is transmitted, and vice versa. It is of fundamental importance to know the exact instant of time at which the two filter outputs are to be compared. This is the problem of synchronization between the transmitter and the receiver. In this paper, we assume a system that is perfectly synchronized. In a practical system, the difference between the two filter outputs must differ from a threshold by some finite amount in order to cause the device to respond reliably. The examination of the effects of this dead zone (finite-width decision threshold) on digital transmission systems is of important practical interest. Its effects on binary differentially coherent phase-shift-keying, and m-level phase-shift-keying systems have been investigated previously. In this paper we consider its effects on binary coherent phase-shift-keying (CPSK), coherent orthogonal (CFSK), and noncoherent orthogonal (NCFSK) systems. The probability of bit error and the channel capacity of each system is obtained in terms of the dead zone threshold.     

从飞机地面振动试验中识别悬臂舱模态

 <正> 带有发动机吊舱的机翼颤振临界参数是悬臂在柔性支柱上短舱质量的固有振动模态。以前的做法是认真地设计和分析,以确保满足颤振分析对支柱特殊频率的要求,然后,做悬臂情况下,发动机短舱的振动试验来论证从分析得到的这些参数是否正确。 目前,已经研究出一种分析方法,从修改飞机分析结果去匹配飞机的地面振动试验结果入手来识别这些短舱模态。并已经成功地应用该方法来代替单独的舱/支柱的地面振动试验。     

气动弹性剪裁中的响应值敏度

进行了一种用解析方法求气动弹性剪裁中的结构响应值敏度的研究。推导了结构的气动弹性响应(位移,振动形态和频率,静气动弹性效率和发散,颤振 )对设计变量导数的封闭解析表达式。设计变量可包含复合材料结构的铺层方向角。广义气动力导数计及正交振动形态导数的影响。经实例验算,所求得的敏度,与差分法相比,数值上吻合得很好。此方法已成功地应用于 CAE倡导发展的结构优化设计程序系统。     

复合材料蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的研究

 用数值模拟和实验研究了飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的规律。提出了蜂窝板积水检测的新型三维传热模型;用有限元法分析了近水检测、远水检测和立放检测3种检测模式下信息参数与积水量的关系;用脉冲热像实验验证了近水检测的基本规律。结果表明:在这3种检测模式下,最大温差和最大对比度与积水高度均呈非线性关系,随着积水高度的增加而增大。近水检测灵敏度最高,其次是蜂窝板立放检测,远水检测灵敏度最低。积水和富胶对表面温度的影响趋势一致,利用温差曲线或最大温差信息无法区分积水和富胶状态。根据可检信息参数与积水高度的关系曲线可以反向估计积水高度。这些研究结果为飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测及评估提供了技术支持。     

某型轿车内流场的仿真分析

利用CATIA软件建立汽车模型.针对某型轿车空气动力学流场特性,采用三维不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程和RNG(renormalization group)k-ε湍流模型来仿真计算.应用二阶迎风差分格式获得控制界面的物理量.将发动机舱冷却风进口设在车头前部,对三种不同的冷却风排风模式进行仿真分析,比较轿车气动性能以选择优越的排风模式.将驾驶室气流进口设在挡风玻璃与发动机罩交汇处,也对三种不同的驾驶室内气流排风模式进行仿真分析,以选择优化的排风模式.发动机舱内流对阻力系数影响较大,驾驶室内流对升力系数影响较大.      

结构动力学拓扑优化局部模态现象分析

使用拓扑优化技术进行结构自然频率最大化设计时的主要问题是结构空洞区域可能出现的局部模态现象。采用刚度矩阵和质量矩阵求解动力学特征方程,通过算例分析了结构密度差异、惩罚因子对自然频率和模态的影响以及局部模态现象产生的原因。结果表明,由于实体各向同性材料惩罚函数法(SIMP)使用了指数惩罚因子,空洞区域的密度与刚度差异远远大于实体区域,导致空洞区域局部模态的产生。分析了局部模态的产生过程,给出了结构自然频率和模态相对实体-孔洞区域密度的比值以及惩罚因子的变化趋势。同时,基于传统体胞微结构均匀化等效模型方法,提出了描述结构空洞区域的多种体胞微结构,计算证实这些微结构形式均可有效地避免局部模态的发生。     

Prediction of Group Delay Distribution Around Receiving Point Using Modified IRI Model and IGRF Model

The international reference ionosphere (IRI) model is generally accepted standard ionosphere model. It describes the ionosphere environment in quiet state and predicts the ionosphere parameters within a certain precision. In this paper, we have made a breakthrough in the application of the IRI model by modifying the model for regions of China. The main objectives of this modification are to construct the ionosphere parameters foF2 and M (3000) F2 by using the Chinese reference ionosphere (CRI) coefficients, appropriately increase hmE and hmF2 height, reduce the thickness of F layer, validate the parameter by the measured values, and solve the electron concentration distribution with quasi-parabolic segment (QPS). In this paper, 3D ray tracing algorithm is constructed based on the modified IRI model and international geomagnetic reference field (IGRF) model. In short-wave propagation, it can be used to predict the electromagnetic parameters of the receiving point, such as the receiving area, maximum useable frequency (MUF) and the distribution of the group delay etc., which can help to determine the suitability of the communication. As an example, we estimate the group delay distributions around Changchun in the detection from Qingdao to Changchun using the modified IRI model and IGRF model, and provide technical support for the short-wave communication between the two cities.     

基于SLDV技术的薄壁机匣三维全场模态测试方法

提出了基于扫描式激光多普勒测振(SLDV)技术的薄壁机匣模态测试方法,实现了薄壁机匣的三维全场振动测试。基于LDV(laser Doppler vibrometry)测试原理,建立了机匣结构分片三维激光测量方法和拼接技术,实现了三维激光测试数据的处理,准确识别出了机匣的各阶模态参数,并与传统加速度传感器获取的测试结果进行了相关性分析。分析结果显示:两种测试结果的模态振型NCO（normalized cross orthogonality）值均在0.9左右,频差较小,验证了薄壁机匣扫描式激光多普勒三维全场测试的可行性和优越性。      

Nonlinear bending-torsion flutter experiments of a medium-aspect-ratio flexible wing model

In this research a two-motion medium-aspect-ratio straight flexible wing model was tested. Tests with the wing model were conducted in the subsonic wind tunnel of the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering at the Technion, Israel. Experimental results obtained for flutter and Limit Cycle Oscillations (LCO) of the wing model are presented. At least two types of flutter and postflutter LCO have been observed. Both types were characterized by coupling between the torsional and bending modes. The first type flutter was associated with coupling of the first bending and first torsional modes, whereas the second type was observed for coupling of the first torsional and second bending modes.     

有声腔推力室的声学振型及其阻尼特性研究

为确定多声学模态压力振荡条件下带有1/4波长管声腔推力室的声学振型及其阻尼特性,揭示1/4波长管声腔对推力室压力振荡的抑制作用机理,对有声腔推力室和无声腔推力室进行近圆周壁面的定容弹激励仿真,激发了多模态的声学振型,给出了推力室压力分布的时空演化,并采用半带宽法定量评价每个激发声学振型的阻尼特性.结果表明:1/4波长管...     

声激励柱壳响应分析中的结合受纳函数

结合受纳函数 (Joint Acceptance Function)是分析声载荷作用下结构特性时遇到的一个特殊的函数。这个函数不仅取决于结构模态 ,还取决于声场特性。本文以柱壳结构为研究对象 ,从分析结合受纳函数的定义、性质入手 ,研究如何利用结构分析中广泛采用的有限元数值结果来计算结合受纳函数 ,获得一种解决工程问题的通用方法。通过和解析解获得的结果比较说明这种结合受纳函数的数值计算方法是可行的。     

Receptivity and structural sensitivity study of the wide vaneless diffuser flow with adjoint method

The stability of the flow in the vaneless diffuser of a centrifugal compressor is studied with the linear theory. The characteristics of direct and adjoint perturbation modes are investigated, and the receptivity of the instability mode to momentum forcing or mass injection is identified based on the adjoint modes. Analysis shows that the perturbation with the largest amplitude is located at the outlet of the vaneless diffuser, while the highest-receptivity region is located in the middle of the vaneless diffuser along the radial direction. The large difference between the direct and adjoint modes indicates that the instability mechanism cannot be identified from a study of either eigenmode separately. Therefore, the structural sensitivity analysis is adopted to study the feedback of the instability mode. The structural sensitivity of the eigenvalue which is proportional to the perturbation pressure and velocity is used to explain the mechanism of flow control for the vaneless diffuser.     

超声速平面剪切层多模态混合扰动数值分析

对Ma_c=1.2二维空间发展超声速平面自由剪切层进行扰动模态及流动结构数值分析.使用线性稳定理论和扰动直接数值模拟方法对超声速剪切层中不同流向站位的流动剖面进行扰动参数分析和局部扰动直接数值模拟,获得了剪切层不同站位处的扰动特性.通过特定单频扰动下的直接数值模拟,在剪切层的不同区域内,无相差地促发了慢模态、混合模态和快模态等多种声涡模态,得到了特定单频扰动促发的多模态无相差不稳定波.      

用矩量法计算任意形状目标雷达散射截面

 1.引言 在电磁散射计算问题中,过去研究较多的是高频情况,所用方法通常是几何绕射法、光学法等。用矩量法计基电磁散射问题,60年代提出了网格法。这种方法多用于尺寸较小的物体,如线天线、小平板等。l984年美国人用矩量法计算了飞机、导弹等的雷达截     

高超声速流场对自由流扰动波响应及边界层扰动波演化

采用高阶精度有限差分方法直接数值模拟了来流慢声波作用下的钝锥高超声速绕流瞬态流场,分析了自由流扰动波与流场的相互干扰,并应用Fourier频谱分析了边界层扰动波时域和空域演化.结果显示:弓形激波出现连续的“∽”变形,初始扰动被显著放大,边界层内外扰动模态存在明显差别.从空域(沿流线)演化来看,在球头附近低频扰动为主导模态,出了球头区,总扰动模态中的低频和高频成分比例迅速转变,高频模态成分显著地增大.至流场下游,大部分低频分量衰减,或者不再增长,边界层内仅存在特殊频率的不稳定波快速增长.从时域演化来看,比起其他模态,主导模态的发展对上游激励的依赖更大.无论时域还是空域演化,都存在模态竞争现象.      

空载固体发动机计算与试验模态相关性分析

为了预测空载状态固体火箭发动机动态特性,对其进行了模态试验,并应用MSC.Marc进行了模态计算,然后对比两者的结果,进行了相关性分析和评估。计算得到了发动机250Hz以内的一阶弯曲模态和五阶呼吸模态。试验测得了发动机的三阶呼吸模态和一阶弯曲模态。比较试验测试模态和与之对应的计算模态:固有频率相对误差均在5%以内;振型相关图上的点大都分布在斜率为1(或 1)的直线周围;MAC(模态置信判据)值在0 9左右。说明计算与试验模态有较好的相关性,有限元计算模型比较准确的反映了实际情况。     

Match-mode method and its numerical simulation for rotor-stator interaction source modes and propagation modes in an annular duct with multi-treatments

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一种基于模态减缩技术的整体叶盘结构失谐识别方法

以谐调叶盘有限元模型解析模态和真实失谐结构的测量模态作为基础信息,提出一种整体叶盘结构失谐识别方法.该方法基于经典模态减缩方法(SNM)降阶技术,降低了识别过程的计算花费以及对基础信息的要求;采用子矩阵型技术使得失谐参数定义更加的自由,并使得该方法具有模型修正的功能;利用最可能向量技术处理实验测量模态振型,可有效的限制测量噪声、非线性等因素对识别过程的影响.最后以一个真实叶盘结构的仿真分析证明了该方法的有效性.      

阵风载荷减缓系统故障分析

阵风引起的额外载荷会引起飞机结构疲劳,降低结构使用寿命。采用非定常气动力有理函数拟合方法建立时域状态空间下的动力学系统,设计了阵风载荷减缓系统。研究了阵风载荷减缓系统3种典型故障模式(副翼偏转饱和、舵机卡死、副翼偏转延时)的力学建模方法,并对机翼在阵风减缓系统故障模式下的阵风响应进行分析。仿真结果表明,3种故障模式均不利于阵风载荷减缓系统对阵风载荷的减缓,对于一些特定情况,故障模式下的阵风载荷减缓系统不仅不能减缓阵风载荷,还会带来由副翼偏转不当引起的额外负载。