民机货舱内饰设计特征的抗火焰烧穿试验方法

概括了货舱内饰的三类设计特征,进而给出关于这三类设计特征的抗火焰烧穿的试验方法,弥补了以往抗火焰烧穿试验只针对货舱内饰材料的不足,供国内民机货舱内饰设计参考。     

基于地板结构的机身双层双向加载技术

以民机结构试验机身垂向加载方式为研究对象,分析对比了3种加载方案（蒙皮胶布带加载、客舱地板单层加载、客舱和货舱双层地板结构加载）。结果表明双层地板结构加载方案能够更真实地模拟机身框结构内力分布,更适合作为全机结构试验机身加载方案。在此基础上提出了基于地板结构的机身双层双向加载技术。通过开发一种机身载荷施加策略及配套的加载装置设计技术,解决了固定杠杆比加载系统实现不同工况机身有效加载的问题,并通过全尺寸模拟试验,证明加载装置末端节点载荷分配误差小于1%,加载装置设计满足试验使用要求。该技术被成功应用于某型在研飞机全机静强度适航验证试验,提高了试验质量与效率,并可为同类试验提供技术参考。     

民机机身下部结构耐撞性优化设计

 针对含多设计参数的典型民机机身下部结构耐撞性设计,提出了一种设计方法,该方法以最小化客舱地板的初始加速度峰值与最大化参考压溃状态的结构内能为优化双目标,通过Kriging模型对结构的冲击响应进行预测,采用非支配排序遗传算法II(NSGA-II)对双目标进行优化,进而由Nash-Pareto策略获得最优方案。为了得到最优设计方案,同时研究设计参数对机身结构耐撞性的影响,提出最大化期望提高与最大化预测方差同步加点准则建立代理模型。采用该设计方法,以典型民机机身下部结构设计问题为算例,对客舱地板支撑结构、货舱地板和泡沫构件形状参数进行优化。结果表明,相对原始设计客舱地板的加速度峰值降低约18.3%,次高加速度峰值也得到有效降低,改善了机身结构的耐撞性;Kriging模型预测响应与有限元分析结果误差小于1%,说明了设计方法的有效性。     

民机技术的新发展

本文分析了新世纪民用飞机的发展趋势，介绍了近年来总体、气动、结构强度、设计基础和适航试飞等民机特有技术的新发展，这些技术的发展方向对于国内自行研究民机技术具有很好的借鉴和指导作用，并就如何尽快提高我国的民机技术水平提出了一些措施和建议。     

翼身融合民机扰流板增升技术

为满足翼身融合（BWB）民机增升装置简单、高效的设计需求,以配置三段高升力系统的BWB民机增升构型为对象,采用数值模拟方法研究了下偏扰流板技术的增升机理与设计原则。研究结果表明,设计合理的下偏扰流板能够将BWB民机增升构型设计点升力系数提高约20%;其增升机理集中体现为对缝道射流、流场能量分布、环量及其分布的控制作用。其应用于BWB民机增升装置的设计原则为：扰流板偏转后上表面延长线应与襟翼上表面相切,控制缝道宽度使增升装置环量增大并前移,控制扰流板偏度避免扰流板内段过早分离。研究还表明,受增升装置三维效应影响,扰流板下偏翼型上洗作用越强,则相应三维增升装置升力损失越大,并呈近似线性变化规律。下偏扰流板改造简单,且有助于简化襟翼作动机构,是一种很有潜力的增升技术,具有深入研究的价值和良好的应用前景。     

大型飞机货舱大门结构和机构设计要求研究

通过大型飞机货舱门研究,给出货舱门总体、使用环境、密封、安全性、可靠性、维修性及机身大开口刚度、货舱门结构、运动机构、操纵锁定等设计要求,并提出了设计时应注意的事项.     

一种二元定几何混压式超声速进气道流场控制概念研究

针对二元定几何混压式超声速进气道低马赫数时流量系数低加速性能差的问题,提出了一种新的泄流槽流场控制概念,并通过数值仿真,揭示了泄流槽控制激波结构机理及其主要几何参数对进气道性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:采用该流场控制方案可通过泄流槽入口处的波系结构使进气道在低于设计马赫数时的出口总压恢复系数和流量系数相对于原型方案均得到明显提高,而在设计点关闭泄流槽后进气道的性能与原型进气道基本相当,这对改善冲压发动机在低马赫数转级后的加速性能是有利的.      

相阵列技术在民机机体气动噪声研究中的应用

麦克风相阵列测量技术是进行民机机体气动噪声研究的主要手段。针对民机机体气动噪声,开展了闭口风洞麦克风相阵列测量技术研究。提出了一种适用于闭口风洞气动噪声测量的阵列优化设计方法,分别设计了适用于民机增升装置、起落架气动噪声测量的阵列。将麦克风相阵列技术应用于某飞机增升装置缩比模型、起落架缩比模型气动噪声闭口风洞试验。研究结果显示：利用侧壁阵列清晰地识别出了增升装置主要气动噪声源,并显示出降噪措施的降噪效果;利用组合阵列,实现了较宽频率范围内起落架气动噪声源探测,识别出了起落架主要气动噪声源。     

基于多视角的民机正向设计建模方法

针对民机正向设计中存在的建模对象复杂耦合程度高、建模理论支撑不足、利益相关方需求缺乏模型描述等问题,提出了基于多视角的民机正向设计建模方法。首先,通过分析民机正向设计流程和基于模型的系统工程（MBSE）方法论,明确民机正向设计自顶向下的映射和关联关系;然后,引入多视角对民机设计流程进行多方位解耦与描述,分析各视角下的建模元素及其逻辑关系,将设计领域知识流与各视角下建模流程相结合,通过建模语言SysML对多个视角下的民机正向设计模型进行抽象建模描述;最后,通过舱压控制系统建模实例验证了本方法能够有效契合民用飞机系统的设计。     

气动载荷压心外移对机翼结构重量的影响

以某型飞机机翼气动分布载荷和结构重量为基础,研究气动载荷压心外移对机翼结构重量的影响,得到了气动压心外移量与机翼结构增重之间的函数关系。这个结论可以为其他型号的民机机翼设计提供参考依据。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.