一种周向全屏蔽矩形电连接器的实现

航天器电缆网作为传输信号的重要载体,对整星（器）保持一个良好的电磁环境起着非常重要的作用。为弥补普通矩形电连接器屏蔽效果不理想的弱点,研制了一种周向全屏蔽矩形电连接器,主要通过提高电连接器外壳间的导电连续性,即对电连接器外壳的孔隙采取有效的弥补措施,以使整个电连接器外壳最大限度地接近屏蔽体,从而实现对辐射型干扰的抑制,达到较好的屏蔽效果。     

Electrodynamic Control with Distributed Delay for AES Stabilization in an Equatorial Orbit

Cosmic Research - A satellite with an electrodynamic stabilization system is considered. To solve the problem of triaxial stabilization of an artificial satellite in an arbitrary position in the...     

容错冗余传感器系统与可靠性计算

讨论了正交式、斜置式冗余传感器系统的可靠性计算问题，当考虑故障检测与隔离技术后，讨论了系统配置的Ｍａｒｋｏｖ模型及其状态转移矩阵。针对由六个加速度计构成的斜置式冗余系统，给出容错系统的可靠性计算模型及相应的任务可靠性计算。     

Analysis of an algae-based CELSS. Part 2: options and weight analysis

Life support components are evaluated for application to an idealized closed life support system which includes an algal reactor for food production. Weight-based trade studies are reported as "break-even" time for replacing food stores with a regenerative bioreactor. It is concluded that closure of the life support gases (oxygen recovery) depends on the carbon dioxide reduction chemistry and that an algae-based food production can provide an attractive alternative to re-supply for longer duration missions.     

Evaluating NASA's role in risk communication process surrounding space policy decisions

In an effort to standardize evaluations of agency communications with stakeholders, a recent NASA report outlined the need to consider metrics that could be used to measure effectiveness over time by monitoring communications output and examining the outcome of communication activities. While evaluating agency communications in this way seems straightforward, actually carrying out such an evaluation is fraught with potential problems. This is especially true of communications surrounding risky or stigmatized activities, as evaluations of this type may lead to an overemphasis on negative participant reactions and an obscuring of those areas where competent work is being done. To help avoid this, an alternative is to conduct evaluations of the process involved in creating agency communications, rather than people's reactions to the communication programs themselves. Adopting this approach de-emphasizes the supposed requirement for researchers to correlate an individual or group's behavior with comprehension or agreement with agency communications. This paper outlines 5 criteria for such a process and discusses them in the context of an evaluation of the risk communication program surrounding the Cassini mission to Saturn.     

Taking space to the public

The UK space industry is an important part of the British economy and likely to become more so, but it needs well-educated graduates, government support and investment. Such an effort would be aided by an educated public. Education is an important part of a successful space industry policy. The Space Education Council, supported by the BNSC, is doing important work talking to the public about space. This article argues that there is a need for more space education work and reports on the Space Education Council's recent symposium.     

An optimal microsatellite system for optical remote sensing data management

Inter-Satellite Link represents an innovative aspect in remote sensing missions, allowing the exchange of data between satellites of a constellation according to appropriate algorithms for the minimization of the delivery time of requested data. In a recent study, the feasibility of gaining a long period of Inter-Satellite Link with an acceptable level of Bit Error Rate has been demonstrated by using a Walker Constellation composed of 20 micro-satellites located on Sun-Synchronous Orbits. In this paper, an investigation into the performance of such a constellation through the implementation of an optimal process of target access and data exchange among satellites has been carried out, together with a sizing of the onboard telecommunication system. A process analysis has been executed through the modelling of weighted fitting functions, specific for an optical remote sensing system.     

Precursor to an African Space Agency: Commentary on Dr Peter Martinez “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?”

In 2012 a working group was established to formulate the African space policy and strategy which would lead to the establishment of an African Space Agency (ASA). Dr Peter Martinez asserts in his article “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?” [1] that the arguments that have been posited in support of an ASA are flawed; namely the arguments of the existing example of the European Space Agency (ESA), and that an ASA would lead to fostering competition, synergy, industrial development and capacity building. While this viewpoint agrees that all the perfect conditions may not exist at present for the creation of an ASA, it addresses some of the issues raised by Martinez, and proposes ideas to foster intra-regional cooperation.     

Exploitation of new materials processing in a mega-gravity field

A strong acceleration field (mega-gravity) can cause the sedimentation of even atoms and is expected to create an unique one-dimensional crystal strain state, i.e. an instability in molecular or crystalline state in multi-component condensed matter. However, materials science research under the mega-gravity field has now remained unexploited, while microgravity has been much used in many fields. We developed a self-consistent theory for sedimentation of atoms in condensed matter, and an ultracentrifuge apparatus to generate an acceleration of over 1 million (1×10⁶)g at high temperature. Recently, we for the first time formed an atomic-scale-graded structure by the sedimentation of atoms, and observed crystal growth in an alloy under a mega-gravity field. It is expected that the availability of mega-gravity may offer us new and powerful options in materials processing in terms of controlling compositions even of isotopes, of forming atomic-scale-graded structure or nonstoichiometric structure, and of controlling the ordering of atoms or molecules.     

浅议教材建设质量监控体系的构建

提高教材质量是教材建设的永恒主题,而完善的教材建设质量监控体系是确保教材质量不断提高的重要保证。本文通过借鉴先进的全面质量管理理论,引入ISO9000族质量标准体系,构建切合实际、科学合理、先进实用的教材建设质量监控体系。     

序列凸优化的小天体附着轨迹优化

针对小天体附着多约束轨迹优化问题,提出一种基于序列凸优化的轨迹优化方法。首先采用内球谐引力场模型对目标小天体附近的不规则引力场进行精确建模,内球谐引力场模型是对经典球谐系数法的改进,形式简单,计算量小,并且克服了经典球谐系数模型在形状不规则的小天体附近不收敛的问题。对于小天体附着多约束轨迹优化问题,通过约束松弛、线性化、离散化过程,转化为一个可以迭代求解的二阶锥规划问题（SOCP）,进而采用内点法进行解算。数学仿真结果显示,优化结果符合各项约束条件,以零速度到达了目标着陆点,且符合燃耗最优的优化目标。利用序列凸优化算法进行小天体附着燃耗最优轨迹设计,推导简便,计算速度快,精度高,具有应用价值。     

近圆太阳同步卫星轨道倾角偏差的影响和调整

以某近圆太阳同步轨道卫星为例,分析了倾角偏差引起的降交点地方时的漂移规律及影响。为将降交点地方时漂移限制在允许的范围内,给出了轨道倾角调整方案,仿真实验结果表明控制方案有效。     

网络化飞行器执行机构故障自适应容错控制

针对存在随机短时延和外部干扰的网络化飞行器执行机构故障问题,提出了一种自适应容错控制方法。首先利用扩张状态观测器(Extended State Observer, ESO)对系统不确定性进行估计,并构建了自抗扰控制器对不确定性进行补偿。在此基础上,设计了一种基于跟踪误差的自适应容错控制方法。当执行机构发生未知故障后执行机构指令能自适应逼近设计值,使得重构的控制系统精确跟踪参考模型。最后利用Lyapunov函数方法证明了闭环控制系统的有界稳定。数值仿真校验了所提方法的有效性。     

Optimal control laws for heliocentric transfers with a magnetic sail

A magnetic sail is an advanced propellantless propulsion system that uses the interaction between the solar wind and an artificial magnetic field generated by the spacecraft, to produce a propulsive thrust in interplanetary space. The aim of this paper is to collect the available experimental data, and the simulation results, to develop a simplified mathematical model that describes the propulsive acceleration of a magnetic sail, in an analytical form, for mission analysis purposes. Such a mathematical model is then used for estimating the performance of a magnetic sail-based spacecraft in a two-dimensional, minimum time, deep space mission scenario. In particular, optimal and locally optimal steering laws are derived using an indirect approach. The obtained results are then applied to a mission analysis involving both an optimal Earth–Venus (circle-to-circle) interplanetary transfer, and a locally optimal Solar System escape trajectory. For example, assuming a characteristic acceleration of 1 mm/s², an optimal Earth–Venus transfer may be completed within about 380 days.     

航天器首飞飞行事件系统责任保证链管理

飞行事件系统责任保证链管理是航天器首飞试验质量管理的重要组成部分,是保证发射试验成功的重要管理手段。文章介绍了航天器首飞飞行事件系统责任保证链管理要点,并以某卫星天线展开事件为例介绍了飞行事件系统责任保证链管理实践。     

税后薪资企业代付个人所得税问题的探讨

税后薪资标准的出现，不仅仅是一种薪资形式上的改变，而且对于劳资双方来说，这一变化有着不同的意义。首先，对于劳动力市场来说，由于大多数企业仍采用传统的含税薪资，如何将税后薪资换算为传统的含税薪资，从而将两者加以比较，便成了应聘人员普遍关心的问题。而另一方面，企业实行税后薪资，必然涉及到代付个人所得税问题，这又直接关系到企业的税务筹划问题。     

Human spaceflight and an asteroid redirect mission: Why?

The planning of human spaceflight programmes is an exercise in careful rationing of a scarce and expensive resource. Current NASA plans are to develop the new capability for human-rated launch into space to replace the Space Transportation System (STS), more commonly known as the Space Shuttle, combined with a heavy lift capability, and followed by an eventual Mars mission. As an intermediate step towards Mars, NASA proposes to venture beyond Low Earth Orbit to cis-lunar space to visit a small asteroid which will be captured and moved to lunar orbit by a separate robotic mission. The rationale for this and how to garner support from the scientific community for such an asteroid mission are discussed. Key points that emerge are that a programme usually has greater legitimacy when it emerges from public debate, mostly via a Presidential Commission, a report by the National Research Council or a Decadal Review of science goals etc. Also, human spaceflight missions need to have support from a wide range of interested communities. Accordingly, an outline scientific case for a human visit to an asteroid is made. Further, it is argued here that the scientific interest in an asteroid mission needs to be included early in the planning stages, so that the appropriate capabilities (here the need for drilling cores and carrying equipment to, and returning samples from, the asteroid) can be included.     

反导导弹引信战斗部配合效率优化设计

从反导导弹引信－－战斗部系统整体出发，把引信参数、战斗部参数同时作为优化设计变量，以单发杀伤概率最大、战斗部质量最小为双目标函数，建立了引战系统配合效率优化数学模型，给出了算例，并对计算结果进行了分析。     

略论中国共产党人执政延安的历史努力——纪念中国人民抗日战争胜利60周年

抗战时期延安局面的形成充分显示了中国共产党人高超的执政艺术.本文主要对抗战时期延安局面的形成,从政治、经济和文化等角度入手进行了深入分析,力图揭示延安局面形成的复杂背景和原因.