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为了减小脉冲爆震发动机PDE(pulse detonation engine)单次循环时间,缩短爆燃向爆震转变DDT(deflagration to detonation transition)距离是关键.为此,提出了一种在头部添加球形点火腔的新型爆震管道结构设计方案,并采用丙烷和空气为可爆混合物,通过对新型爆震管DDT过程的二维数值模拟,研究其对DDT距离以及DDT时间的影响.数值模拟结果表明,头部采用球形点火腔后,点火腔中的压缩波经过多次反射后,能够在爆震管中更快地促使爆震波形成,DDT距离大大缩短;当球形点火腔直径为1.5倍等直爆震管直径时,相对于常规等直管爆震管结构,其DDT距离和过程时间分别减少了14%和16.26%. 相似文献
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脉冲爆震发动机点火过程离子催化效应数值模拟 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
利用气体电离理论推导出氢气-空气混合气体电离后组成成分,理论分析活性基团对燃烧速率及剧烈程度的催化效应,以及不同点火能量、活性基团浓度对缓燃转爆震(DDT)过程的影响.结合氢气-空气燃烧23步化学反应动力学机制,采用FLUENT软件对不同工况下的DDT过程进行模拟,与理论分析结果对比.结果表明:点火温度为2000~2500K时,活性基团的加入,可提高燃烧速率,DDT时间可缩短9.91%~21.08%,DDT距离可缩短3.32%~8.08%,DDT时间和DDT距离的改变幅度随点火温度的升高而增大.点火能量较高时应该考虑气体电离效应. 相似文献
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在无阀式以汽油为燃料,空气为氧化剂的脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)模型机上进行了低点火能量多循环实验研究,分析了无阀两相脉冲爆震发动机多循环工作过程。模型机热态试验提供了10~66 Hz爆震循环特征时间分配和爆震管内不同位置压力的变化过程。由于在两相系统中存在较长的点火延迟时间和DDT时间,发现无阀PDE存在较长的点火后填充时间。通过对两相爆震波的形成过程和排出过程的实验研究和分析,以及点火后填充时间,提出了新的无阀PDE特征时间分布。不同频率实验结果表明,从火花塞放电到下一个循环新鲜混合气开始填充这段时间基本不变,称之为极限周期。在该模型中,点火延迟时间和DDT时间占据了极限周期时间的大部分时间,进一步分析了提高循环频率的关键因素。 相似文献
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以汽油/空气两相混气为可爆混合物,采用汽油机点火和半导体高能点火系统,实验研究了不同点火频率对脉冲爆震室中不同位置脉冲爆震波压力的影响,结果发现,充满度大,产生的紊流强度大,有利于爆震波的形成;在大多数情况下,用低能量(50mJ)的点火系统点火时,点火频率大于实际产生的爆震频率;用高能(IJ)点火系统时,可缩短烯向爆震转变(DDT)的距离,易产生爆震,所得爆震波的峰值压力明显增大,所得结果可为脉冲爆震发动机的设计、爆震点火系统选型提供重要参考。 相似文献
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为了研究基于液态燃料的爆震波点火技术,进行了一系列液态煤油/氧气爆震波点火实验。实验中氧气和煤油的供给压力分别为1.0 MPa和0.7 MPa,火花塞点火能量为50 mJ。研究了两相爆震波点火技术的基本特性,实验表明:采用低点火能量能够快速产生充分发展的爆震波,煤油/氧气爆震压力可达4.0 MPa,爆震波速度可达1500 m/s到2001 m/s,尾焰温度约为2075 K。开展了两相爆震波由单管向多管传播的实验,验证了两相爆震波多管点火技术的可行性,目前可实现四管同步点火。实验显示两相爆震波点火技术重复性强,多管点火具有较好的同步性,时间差别为几十个微秒量级,适用于多燃烧室液态火箭发动机的同步点火。 相似文献
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本文对三种带不同结构形式的环形预爆管的爆震发生器进行了数值模拟,来研究环形爆震波聚焦起爆现象及其气动特性。数值计算采用多组分理想气体详细的化学反应机理、二维轴对称非定常流动的Navier-Stokes方程来模拟化学动力学和流体动力学过程。研究发现用低的点火能量对环形预爆管中的燃料和氧化剂点火产生层流火焰,层流火焰在狭窄管壁的作用下完成爆燃向爆震转捩,形成环形爆震波,环形爆震波在聚焦腔经过反射、汇聚,最终引爆主爆震室中的可燃混合物;并对稳定爆震的距离和强度进行了对比研究。通过分析对环形爆震波衍射、反射、聚焦的气体动力学特性及复杂波系发展规律有了更深的认识,为进一步试验提供参考。 相似文献
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有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。 相似文献
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LUO Cheng LIU Hua YANG Jia-ling LIU Kai-xin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(3):230-235
Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks. 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面:电子化(e-Enabled)运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境(GCE)。 相似文献
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临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控(TT&;C)与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联(ITU)国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比(SNR)、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。 相似文献
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基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。 相似文献
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Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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Wu Xianyu Li Xiaoshan Ding Meng Liu Weidong Wang Zhenguo 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):488-494
In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances. 相似文献
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(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。 相似文献