Service Orientation Principles in Integrated Communication Environments

Today, every modern organization aspires to improve its performance through better use of information technology. As communication technology improves, organizations can operate over wider distances and can even assemble operational components on an ad-hoc basis to meet requirements of a specific objective. Future air traffic communication studies are already discussing whether to operate IP networks that are combining voice and data transport. The problem is that although voice and data are using a common infrastructure, they remain separate at the application level. Probably, some service providers have already enjoyed reduced network infrastructure and operational costs by merging voice and data transport, but the majority may have failed to realize the significant cost, productivity, and service differentiation capabilities that converged, collaborative applications could bring. This elaborates mechanisms needed for a robust and globally interconnected network environment (including infrastructure, systems, processes, and people) in which data is shared timely and seamlessly among users, applications, and platforms. Such an environment enables substantially improved situational awareness and shortened decision-making cycles. Stepping ahead, our contribution discusses standards making application or service convergence a reality.     

载人航天 WiFi 头戴的设计与实现

空间站无线局域网是空间站通信网络的重要组成部分。 WiFi头戴是基于空间站无线局域网进行话音通信的一个重要应用,不仅可以为舱内航天员提供便捷的无线话音通信服务,还可以为航天员的出舱活动提供无线话音通信服务。研究和分析了空间站无线WiFi组网和应用的技术可行性,提出了一种适合于空间站使用的WiFi头戴的设计与实现方案。该方案采用现有的专用集成芯片,技术上支持802.11 n标准,性能指标先进,可以满足空间站无线话音通信的使用要求。     

战术数据链中纠错编码技术的设计

战术数据链是现代战场及时有效管理和了解高密集、快速变化的作战态势,传送信息的链路或网络,为作战飞机提供抗干扰、保密的数据通信和数字语音,同时要求信息的传输、处理、分发要做到安全、及时和有效,因此纠错编码技术在其中的作用显得尤为重要。本文讨论了战术数据链中的RS纠错编/译码的具体设计方法,对其纠错性能进行了研究,并进行了仿真。     

基于微核结构的可二次开发语音平台

随着电子商务、客户服务等信息服务的普遍化,为了满足各种商业以及服务系统的需求,语音服务作为电信领域备受关注的一个热点,其应用领域也越来越广泛。本语音平台是基于语音技术,整合了网络资源,使用VoiceXML描述和控制语音逻辑的一种交互式服务系统。其特点是信息获取快速准确,以及客户服务多样化越来越明显。可广泛应用于证券电话委托、电话银行、信息查询、语音信箱、自动传呼系统、多功能小型用户交换机等领域。     

Broadband integrated digital information exchange networks foravionics applications

This paper presents the design concept for Broadband Integrated Digital Avionics Information Exchange Networks (B-IDAIENs) for future aircraft applications. The use of B-IDAIENs can improve communication efficiency, flexibility, and capacity compared with using present avionics data buses. To implement B-IDAIENs the supporting techniques, such as wavelength-division multiplexing/wavelength-division multiple access and optical Benes network, are considered. Related optical components are also discussed. It is expected that the proposed B-IDAIENs can efficiently provide real-time video and voice communications, high/low speed data transmissions, parallel communications, and other time-critical services such as urgent signals from warning receivers     

Security, Internet connectivity and aircraft data networks

Internet connectivity which was in experimental stages only a few years ago is a reality today. Current implementations allow passengers to access Internet for pleasure and in some cases secure VPN access is provided to corporate networks. Several researchers are looking at the possibility of the existence of a total of three networks: passenger network (PN); crew network (CRN); and the control network (CON). Researchers envision an architecture where these three networks will co-exist in an airplane. The available Internet connectivity can be utilized for transporting flight critical information like cockpit flight data recorder (CFDR) data, digital flight data recorder (DFDR) data, cockpit voice recorder (CVR) data, and controller pilot data link communication. In addition, the Internet connectivity could also be used for other safety mechanisms like video surveillance and remote control of the flight. Security is one of the major concerns that affect the successful deployment of aircraft data networks (ADN) and other safety features. Several studies have been carried out to secure the network using firewalls and intrusion detection system but so far no study has focused on securing the communication channel (between the aircraft and the ground station) and its impact on the ADN. The scope of this research is to determine the viability and need of a security mechanism. The research also focuses on the performance of different security architectures and determine their usability in the framework of an ADN.     

ATM and FIS data link services

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) currently has under development data link services for Air Traffic Management (ATM), Flight Information Service (FIS), and communications, navigation, and surveillance (CNS). These services will be provided over the Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN), a worldwide data network intended to provide data communications connectivity among mobile aircraft, airlines, and civil aviation authorities. The ATM and FIS services currently under development are part of an evolutionary process that will begin, for the most part, with duplication of voice services. In the future, services will facilitate a common source of data for pilots, controllers, and flight planners, as well as computer-to-computer communications between ground based and airborne automation systems. These future services will provide benefits such as the use of optimum aircraft tracks and flight profiles     

Use of heads-up displays, speech recognition, and speech synthesisin controlling a remotely piloted space vehicle

Experiments are reported in which heads-up displays and voice input/output were implemented on an experimental pilot console. These displays and controls were developed interactively during the simulation of remotely piloted space vehicles (RPSVs) and US Space Station operations. Demonstrated and evaluated were seven heads-up reticle displays, two heads-up data displays, selection of displays by voice command, use of voice command to call for range and rate data, and the voice annunciation of alarms. The simulation laboratory architecture is described     

动态加载TTS的IVR平台设计与实现

分析了交互式语音自动应答平台的功能特点，设计系统平台的网络拓扑架构，详细分析了平台的设计原理和结构，及其工作流程。使用Microsoft Speech SDK与第三方语音库Smart Read Female Chinese将文字转换为语音音频文件，完成系统动态加载TTS功能，集成了语音卡，实现系统的语音识别、播放、状态控制等功能。给出了系统总体设计结构类图，最后使用了一个测试实例，给出了结果，并分析了输出音频频率与波形。语音卡能够很好地播放第三方语音库合成的语音，整个系统的扩展性安全性得到大幅度提升。     

Digital air/ground communications for air traffic control

The early 1990's communications for air traffic control (ATC) uses analog single channel radios with conventional amplitude modulation (AM) in the very high frequency (VHF) band. To overcome eventual saturation of the current system, a sample “next generation” ATC communications system has been designed to increase capabilities and provide a graceful transition from the current system. The new ATC communication system must address problems with the modulation format and a balance between increased channel capacity and overall cost. The controller/pilot workloads can be reduced in that the information segments allow for either semi-automatic or fully automatic handoff or frequency change. The principal performance factor is the addition of data, fully integrated with voice, while offering an increase in throughput. The architecture is structured to put priority on the uplink voice messages while offering significant information capacity capabilities for external data sources. When digital data and voice communication systems mature in the ATC environment, a natural evolution to more data traffic and less voice will occur. At that time, a simple restructuring of the channel assignments and priorities could offer increased throughput for connection to ground based data sources such as high capacity routers     

无线列车调度实现数据话音同传

为了保证行车安全,在无线列车调度系统中,利用话音压缩/扩展技术实现同一无线信道数据话音同时传输.在分析和比较了几种话音编码方式的基础上,确定本系统采用连续可变斜率增量调制方式(CVSD)编解码方式,该编解码方式具有较好的抗误码特性及量化信噪比.根据CVSD的编解码特性,提出了话音压缩/扩展技术在系统中的具体实现.采用TMS320C3X系列DSP芯片实现了该系统功能.     

大型飞机舱音记录器设计

大型飞机和其他多成员飞机需加装舱音记录器,所记录的各种语音信息可以和飞行数据记录器记录的数据信息一起为飞行事故调查提供全面科学的依据。针对中国目前舱音记录器技术落后的现状。设计研制了一套新型基于ARM9平台,采用嵌入式Linux操作系统的舱音记录器,可以装备大型飞机和其他多成员飞机使用,该记录器采用目前最为先进的主流开发平台,系统运行稳定、高效,选用性能优良的AMBE-1000声码芯片实现了语音信号高品质采集和回放。通过音频频谱分析显示,记录器的频率响应、失真度等指标优于国内外同类产品的技术指标,具有良好的实用性和推广应用价值。     

基于样本熵的语音信号检测算法

船舶自身发出的巨大噪声,严重影响了通讯设备通讯端船舶工作者的正常语音交流和通讯,须要进行语音信号增强,将语音信号从背景噪声中检测分离出来。为此,文章在分析语音信号与船舶背景噪声信号时域序列复杂性基础上,提出基于信号序列样本熵的语音信号检测算法。该算法将含噪信号进行分帧后,首先计算每帧信号的样本熵,并根据自适应预设阈值对信号进行初始判断；然后,利用信号通常持续一定时间的连续性,对信号初始判断进行平滑,得到信号的最终判别类别,实现对语音信号的检测。经过大量实测实验数据的验证,环境噪声信号的辨别准确度为 90.33%,语音信号为 95.05%,该算法取得了较好的判别精度。     

Achieving a hands-free computer interface using voice recognitionand speech synthesis [for Windows-based ATE]

Software designers at Hill Air Force Base have developed a voice recognition and speech synthesis system (Voice Control) for use with the F-16 Analog Test Station Sustainment (FATSS) project. The Voice Control system is reliable, speaker independent, and has a total added hardware price tag of under $50.00 per station. In contrast to traditional voice recognition systems, operator training is not required. OO-ALC has developed a general-purpose internal interface (Voice Control) to the Speech Recognition and Text-To-Speech engines provided by Microsoft. Voice Control can be accessed by any 32-bit Windows software, which has windows messaging capability. This is available to standard programming languages such as LabWindows CVI, Borland or Microsoft C/C++, Visual Basic, or even commercial packages such as Lotus Notes and Microsoft Word. Through Voice Control, the computer uses both video and voice prompts to request input from the operator. The operator is allowed to enter data and to control the software flow by voice command or from the keyboard or mouse. The Voice Control system allows for dynamic specification of a grammar set, or legal set of commands. The use of a reduced grammar set greatly increases recognition accuracy. The computer voice enables the operator to focus his attention away from the computer screen, which is required for activities such as probing a circuit card and taking readings. When the operator takes readings, the computer, to insure reliable entry, echoes his voice entries. With electronic tuning, speech synthesis allows the operator to hear the resulting reading, enabling him to focus on the circuit card instead of constantly turning his head to see the computer screen. This paper describes the capability and functionality of the Voice Control system     

驾驶舱语音控制指令的设计问题讨论

文章以机载语音控制的实时性、准确性、方便性的实际应用要求为出发点,深入讨论既适合于机载语音人机交互特性,又符合机载语音识别技术特点的语音指令的设计思想.提出机载语音控制的命令语言应该是建立在在现有汉语陆空通话语言语法及驾驶舱显控系统按键功能提示信息词汇基础之上,通过修改补充,进而形成一套有功能完整、富有层次的机载语音控制指令系统.文章同时提出,通过恰当选择控制指令的词汇读音和发音力度,能够为语音识别器提供更充分的识别信息量,提高声音信号的信噪比,有助于其在机载噪声和变异的条件下发挥出最佳的识别性能.     

基于VoiceXML的呼叫中心平台的设计与实现

通过对传统呼叫中心的分析与研究,针对传统呼叫中心的缺点,设计并实现了一种基于VoiceXML的呼叫中心平台.该平台采用开源项目OpenVXI作为VoiceXML解析器,在集成东进公司语音卡的基础上实现了语音合成、语音识别、呼叫控制等功能.利用该平台,开发人员可以轻松快捷地建立呼叫中心及各种语音增值业务.介绍了平台的总体设计和关键技术,最后给出了测试实例及运行结果.     

GPWS汉语语音模拟装置的研究

设计了一个低成本的GPWS汉语语音模拟装置,使之按照同样的规律,输出汉语语音信息。模拟装置逻辑处理单元选用了国产BASIC语言单片机PS1008;语音部分采用新型语音芯片ISD1420。经过与某型飞机的机载GPWS系统对比发现,模拟装置的语音更清晰易辩,静噪更小。此模拟装置可以根据需要,录制与输出其他语种的语言。     

基于语音标签的语音浏览器

随着互联网的发展,Web已经成为获取各种信息的重要途径,但是并不是所有人都能享受互联网所带来的便利。针对某些不便于使用鼠标和键盘输入的情况,开发了一个基于语音的网页浏览系统。主要特点是通过采用给网页自动添加语音标签的方法来辅助用户与互联网的语音交互。该系统通过对互联网上的网页进行本地缓存并加入语音标签,对用户的语音输入进行引导和提示,实现了语音控制的网页浏览。     

Operational Concept for Multi-Carrier Broadband VHF Communications

Operational air traffic management needs have led to the concept of the broadband VHF (B-VHF) aeronautical communications system. This explains the functional principles, architecture, and internal mechanisms of the B-YHF system, showing how it can be used to provide the existing aeronautical voice and data link communications services and a multitude of new data link services expected for the next decade or two.     

无人机地面座舱语音控制系统验证平台开发

介绍了一种面向无人机地面座舱的语音控制系统的综合验证平台的设计方案,从系统与实现层面对构成平台的各个组成部分进行了具体功能阐述,并提出了一种动态显示语音指令控件的配置格式,为无人机语音控制系统的测试提供了一种新的解决方案。