Design and Application of an Adaptive Tracking Filter Control System

The design of an adaptive tracking filter control system and its application to large flexible booster vehicles is described. The problem of elastic vehicle stability is considered along with its solution by conventional and adaptive techniques. The improvement in vehicle stability, which may be achieved with the adaptive tracking filter technique as compared to conventional techniques, is shown. The control system evolved uses two adaptive tracking filters to phase stabilize the first and second bending modes, in addition to conventional compensation techniques. The application of this adaptive technique to a vehicle in which the modal frequencies are in close proximity (<2.5 percent separation) is discussed. The mechanization of the adaptive control system involves the selection of design techniques and components that are electrically and physically compatible with the intended airborne application. The development of a suitable frequency tracking technique and tracking filter is described, in addition to the electronic and mechanical design of the adaptive control system prototype.     

Simple adaptive control of large flexible space structures

Simple adaptive control procedures that do not require explicit parameter identification have been shown to be fit for control of large systems such as flexible structures. It is of interest, however, to test their robustness when fast adaptation is needed or when the resulting adaptive control system must confront finite sensor and actuator dynamics or parasitic disturbances. Flexible structures case studies using parallel feedforward and simplified adaptive controllers are used to present a robust adaptive control solution to these problems. The detailed proof of robust stability of the adaptive control system is also presented. Simulations illustrate the simplicity of implementation and the power of the proposed algorithm in difficult realistic situations     

Adaptive Control of Helicopter Ground Resonance with Magnetorheological Damper

The methodology for adaptive control of helicopter ground resonance with magnetorheological （MR） damper is presented. The adaptive inverse control method is used to control the output damping force of MR damper and the range of the damping force is given. Through the adaptive inverse control, the damping force of MR damper is fit to a desired damping force. With the background of applying MR damper to control of helicopter ground resonance, a model of loss force and an adaptive arithmetic for stabilization of the coupled rotor/fuselage system are presented. The simulation shows that the controller presented in this paper can stabilize the rotor/fuselage coupling system quickly and control the helicopter ground resonance effectively.     

一类非线性系统的神经网络自适应控制

针对一类单输入单输出不确定非仿射型非线性系统,基于多层神经网络提出了一种直接自适应控制方法。该设计方法首先应用多层神经网络自适应模拟逼近逆解中的未知部分,然后应用逆设计和自适应反演设计出虚拟控制量,最后应用反馈线性化设计方法和神经网络设计了直接自适应控制律。并利用Lyapunov稳定性定理推导了神经网络的参数调节律,保证了闭环系统的所有信号均最终一致有界。     

自适应控制在飞机控制中的应用

 1979年,在自适应控制的应用研讨会上,Stein~[1],Kreisselmeier~[2]和Rynaski~[3]等分别发表了有关自适应控制在飞机控制中应用的文章。本文将通过对这些论文的综述,对自适应飞机控制的应用现状,所面临的问题,可能的应用方向和前景,建立一个较明确的认识。     

Backstepping design of missile guidance and control based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control

This paper presents an integrated missile guidance and control law based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control. The integrated model is formulated as a block-strict-feedback nonlinear system, in which modeling errors, unmodeled nonlinearities, target maneuvers, etc. are viewed as unknown uncertainties. The adaptive nonlinear control law is designed based on backstepping and sliding mode control techniques. An adaptive fuzzy system is adopted to approximate the coupling nonlinear functions of the system, and for the uncertainties, we utilize an online-adaptive control law to estimate the unknown parameters. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also conducted. Simulation results show that, with the application of the adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control, small miss distances and smooth missile trajectories are achieved, and the system is robust against system uncertainties and external disturbances.     

基于自适应反演的导弹滑模控制

阐述了在导弹系统存在不确定性情况下,基于自适应反演控制技术和模糊神经网络理论,提出了一种导弹滑模控制系统设计方法。设计过程中将不确定性对系统的影响合成为一项,然后应用模糊神经逼近器来逼近系统的不确定项;考虑了已知信息,利用自适应模糊神经控制理论和滑模控制设计了控制器,应用Lypunov稳定性理论保证了闭环系统的稳定性,并推导出模糊神经逼近器各参数的自适应调节律。     

铣削过程在线辨识与极点配置自适应控制

 研究了铣削加工过程的建模、参数在线辨识及自适应控制问题,为铣削过程建立了二阶离散传递函数模型,提出了一种修正的带遗忘因子递推最小二乘参数辨识算法,从而解决了普通递推最小二乘辨识算法中由于递推计算协方差矩阵衰退或膨胀引起辨识结果失真的问题,采用极点配置设计原理,为铣削过程推导了自适应控制的控制律。仿真和实验表明,修正的最小二乘辨识算法和极点配置自适应控制律是正确和可靠的,自适应控制器可获得所需的响应性能。     

具有智能调节机构的航空发动机自适应控制系统

采用仅利用输入输出测量值的模型,参考自适应控制,设计了某型涡扇发动机的多变量控制系统;在飞行包线内选取标称点分别确定了自适应律的参数,以保证控制系统性能在该标称点处达到最优;用神经网络的方法拟合了发动机工作条件与自适应律参数之间的关系,建立了根据发动机工作状况选择合适自适应律参数的智能调节机构。仿真结果表明,所设计的控制系统在整个飞行包线内的标称点与非标称点均具有良好的性能。     

高超声速飞行器气动伺服弹性的自适应抑制

针对弹性高超声速飞行器的气动伺服弹性问题，提出一种结合线性自抗扰和自适应陷波器的综合控制方案。针对强耦合和强不确定性问题，采用线性自抗扰控制对总扰动进行快速估计和补偿。为了在最小化对刚体控制性能影响的同时实现对频率未知且时变的弹性模态的抑制，采用能够在线估计弹性频率的自适应陷波器。根据气动伺服弹性抑制问题的特点提炼出对自适应陷波器的性能需求。针对这些需求设计了两种基于递推最大似然法的多频率直接辨识方案——参数单独自适应和同时自适应方案。为了提高辨识算法在各种随机扰动下的鲁棒性，在此基础上提出一种在线有效性监督机制，并通过大量的数字仿真对两种方案进行了性能对比。最后，在弹性高超声速飞行器模型上进行仿真，仿真结果验证了所提控制方案的有效性。     

基于多模型切换的鲁棒自适应控制器

系统参数发生跳变时,为了解决多变量系统暂态响应变差的问题,提出一种基于多模型切换的鲁棒自适应控制器。该控制器由多个鲁棒自适应控制器组成,鲁棒自适应控制器保证系统存在未建模动态时能够使自适应系统稳定运行,引入的多模型策略保证系统参数跳变时具有良好的暂态性能。仿真结果表明,所提出的多模型鲁棒自适应控制器能够加快系统的响应速度,提高系统的暂态性能。     

Simple adaptive control for aircraft control surface failures

This work extends the so-called simple adaptive control approach to direct model reference adaptive control of multi-input multi-output systems to include loss of control effectiveness failures. It is proven that all signals are bounded for loss of control effectiveness failures during a bounded input disturbance. A state space approach is introduced for computing the feedforward compensator that is required by the stability result. The adaptive algorithm is applied to a three input model of the linearized lateral dynamics of the F/A-18 aircraft. Simulation results are obtained with single, double, and triple control effectiveness failures of 88% during the occurrence of a lateral gust. These results show that the adaptive controller exhibits improved model following as compared with a fixed gain eigenstructure assignment controller.     

无垂尾推力矢量飞机的自适应控制仿真研究

研究了采用自适应控制系统的无垂尾构型推力矢量飞机的飞行控制性能.论述了在有参数未知的情况,使用状态变量反馈可线性化的非线性系统的输出轨迹的控制问题,推导出了自适应控制律的设计方法.最后,针对算例飞机给出了仿真计算的结果,证实了在无垂尾构型推力矢量飞机上应用自适应控制系统的可行性.     

涡扇发动机自适应加减速控制研究

针对涡扇发动机加减速过程特性参数变化大的不确定系统,提出一种带执行机构的涡扇发动机自适应加减速伺服控制设计方法。采用变阻尼修正的自适应控制规律,抑制了自适应加减速过程中的参数漂移。在自适应加减速控制算法中,设计目标是使被控对象的输出能够伺服跟踪任意加减速指令信号,这一指令与涡扇发动机加减速过程中对带有条件限制的指令要求一致,为使控制系统具有加减速伺服跟踪和对外界扰动信号抑制的能力,在控制回路中内嵌积分环节,实现闭环加速伺服跟踪鲁棒性能,结果表明:自适应控制适用于涡扇发动机过渡态控制。在仿真时,在系统中加入白噪声干扰的情况下,自适应参数被限制在±0.003的范围内,没有出现参数漂移现象;在快速加减速过程中,加减速燃油流量未出现大幅超调和下垂,加减速时间不超过4 s。     

航空发动机反馈神经网络自适应控制方法

根据反馈神经网络控制方法在发动机控制系统中的应用研究,建立了基于反馈网络的发动机控制系统。采用反馈神经网络辨识发动机模型参数,用动态自适应算法对神经网络权值进行了调整,并在飞行包线内各工作点对整个控制系统进行了仿真。结果表明,使用神经网络建立的发动机控制系统具有良好的控制品质和较强的自适应能力。     

Experimental study in adaptive tracking control

The authors describe an experimental study of adaptive pointing and tracking control for flexible spacecraft conducted on a complex ground experiment facility. The algorithm used is based on a multivariable direct model reference adaptive control law. Several experimental validation studies performed using this algorithm for vibration damping and robust regulation are extended by addressing the pointing and tracking problem. As is consistent with an adaptive control framework, the plant is assumed to be poorly known to the extent that only system level knowledge of its dynamics is available. Explicit bounds on the steady-state pointing error are derived as functions of the adaptive controller design parameters. It is shown that good tracking performance can be achieved in an experimental setting by adjusting adaptive controller design weightings according to the guidelines indicated by the analytical expressions for the error     

Adaptive control based on a parametric affine model for tail-controlled missiles

An adaptive control against uncertainties in tail-controlled STT (skid-to-turn) missiles is presented. First, we derive an analytic uncertainty model from a parametric affine missile model developed by the authors. Based on this analytic model, an adaptive feedback linearizing control law accompanied by a sliding mode control law is proposed. We provide analyses of stability and output tracking performance of the overall adaptive missile system. The performance and validity of the proposed adaptive control scheme are demonstrated by simulation.     

基于有向图的航天器编队飞行自适应姿态协同控制

在有向通信拓扑下研究了编队航天器自适应姿态协同控制问题。针对航天器编队飞行系统中存在外部扰动和模型不确定性的情况,通过选取包含相对姿态误差和绝对姿态误差的辅助变量,提出了一种鲁棒自适应控制策略。提出了自适应律估计转动惯量矩阵和扰动上界等未知参数,并且利用Lyapunov稳定性理论分析了闭环系统的渐近稳定性。与滑模控制等传统鲁棒控制不同,所设计的鲁棒自适应控制器是连续的,更便于航天器编队飞行系统的实现。最后通过仿真验证了该控制策略能够实现高精度的编队飞行跟踪控制。     

Adaptive control and stabilization of elastic spacecraft

This work treats the question of large angle rotational maneuver and stabilization of an elastic spacecraft (spacecraft-beam-tip body configuration). It is assumed that the parameters of the system are completely unknown. An adaptive control law is derived for the rotational maneuver of the spacecraft. Using the adaptive controller, asymptotically decoupled control of the pitch angle of the space vehicle is accomplished, however this maneuver causes elastic deformation of the beam connecting the orbiter and tip body. For the stabilization of the zero dynamics (flexible dynamics), a stabilizer is designed using elastic mode velocity feedback. In the closed-loop system including the adaptive controller and the stabilizer, reference pitch angle trajectory tracking and vibration suppression are accomplished. Simulation results are presented to show the maneuver capability of the control system     

Adaptive control for a sensorless permanent-magnet synchronousmotor drive

An adaptive velocity controller for a permanent-magnet synchronous motor without using shaft sensor is presented. Two line-to-line voltages and two stator currents are sensed to produce the flux position. The design part is concerned with the formulation of control algorithm for current-regulated pulsewidth modulated inverter and vector control strategy for speed loop. Under the vector control framework, self-tuning, model following, and model referencing adaptive control are applied to design for the speed-loop controllers. The implementational part integrates the control of current and speed loop using microprocessor-based controllers. Experimental case studies that correlate simulation and measurement results are provided. The experimental results validate the theoretical development. A new approach for designing advanced adaptive controller for a sensorless ac drive is provided