空间信息对抗能力分析

现代作战越来越依赖空间信息系统,它已成为关乎战争胜负的重要资源。从空间信息支援、空间信息防御、空间信息攻击等方面分析了空间信息对抗能力和作战应用能力,并对空间信息对抗的发展提出了几点建议。     

非柔性结构太空梯的构想

文章简略介绍太空梯的概念,概述了目前世界上太空梯系统的状况和研制遇到的普遍困难.由于现有的纳米技术和材料以及加工水平还不能满足缆绳式太空梯的要求,因此文章提出建造一种非柔性结构的太空梯的构想,这样的太空梯虽然运行效率不及缆绳式太空梯,但所要求的材料相对容易得到.     

空间系绳的安全性设计准则探讨

系绳的安全性设计是成功实施空间系绳试验非常重要的一环。文章首先介绍了空间系绳的发展状况,然后对已有的系绳材料与结构作了详细的介绍与分析,并通过对国外历次空间系绳试验的总结,给出了从安全性角度如何选择系绳的考虑因素。     

Policy model for space economy infrastructure

Extraterrestrial infrastructure is key to the development of a space economy. Means for accelerating transition from today's isolated projects to a broad-based economy are considered. A large system integration approach is proposed. The beginnings of an economic simulation model are presented, along with examples of how interactions and coordination bring down costs. A global organization focused on space infrastructure and economic expansion is proposed to plan, coordinate, fund and implement infrastructure construction. This entity also opens a way to raise low-cost capital and solve the legal and public policy issues of access to extraterrestrial resources.     

Policy model for space economy infrastructure

Extraterrestrial infrastructure is key to the development of a space economy. Means for accelerating transition from today's isolated projects to a broad-based economy are considered. A large system integration approach is proposed. The beginnings of an economic simulation model are presented, along with examples of how interactions and coordination bring down costs. A global organization focused on space infrastructure and economic expansion is proposed to plan, coordinate, fund and implement infrastructure construction. This entity also opens a way to raise low-cost capital and solve the legal and public policy issues of access to extraterrestrial resources.     

基于RCS序列的空间目标形状估计

将空间目标等效为椭球体,在分析椭球体RCS方向图的基础上,提出了利用空间目标RCS序列极大值与极小值比值来估计空间目标长短轴比值的方法。实测数据处理结果表明,该方法能有效估计出目标长短轴比值。目标长短轴比值反映了目标的形状信息,具有明显的物理意义,有利于后续的空间目标分类与识别。     

Project of the space test&fitting-out dock for solar-powered electric propulsion on-board international space station

A concept of a universal fitting-out module applicable for space flight test of a solar-powered electric propulsion (EP) as well as for the assembly and deployment of small spacecraft (S/C) from the international space station (ISS) is proposed.     

A language for arms control in space

Although precise terminology has been invented for all kinds of weapons and battle theories, the language used for arms control remains vague. Precise definitions and demarcations for arms control concepts and regions of outer space can make disarmament discussions more specific and thus more productive. Thie viewpoint puts forward a proposed terminology, in the hope that it will increase the prospects for control of space weapons.     

Stepping stones toward global space exploration

Several nations are currently engaging in or planning for robotic and human space exploration programs that target the Moon, Mars and near-Earth asteroids. These ambitious plans to build new space infrastructures, transport systems and space probes will require international cooperation if they are to be sustainable and affordable. Partnerships must involve not only established space powers, but also emerging space nations and developing countries; the participation of these new space actors will provide a bottom-up support structure that will aid program continuity, generate more active members in the space community, and increase public awareness of space activities in both developed and developing countries. The integration of many stakeholders into a global space exploration program represents a crucial element securing political and programmatic stability. How can the evolving space community learn to cooperate on a truly international level while engaging emerging space nations and developing countries in a meaningful way? We propose a stepping stone approach toward a global space exploration program, featuring three major elements: (1) an international Earth-based field research program preparing for planetary exploration, (2) enhanced exploitation of the International Space Station (ISS) enabling exploration and (3) a worldwide CubeSat program supporting exploration. An international Earth-based field research program can serve as a truly global exploration testbed that allows both established and new space actors to gain valuable experience by working together to prepare for future planetary exploration missions. Securing greater exploitation of the ISS is a logical step during its prolonged lifetime; ISS experiments, partnerships and legal frameworks are valuable foundations for exploration beyond low Earth orbit. Cooperation involving small, low-cost missions could be a major stride toward exciting and meaningful participation from emerging space nations and developing countries. For each of these three proposed stepping stones, recommendations for coordination mechanisms are presented.     

Making space law relevant to basic space science in the commercial space age

Space science has been at the heart of humanity's activity in space, a fact reflected in the body of space law set up to regulate such activity. The increase in commercial utilisation of space may threaten the conduct of space science; reform of space law, however, could alleviate this situation. Using the examples of radio and light interference, and space debris, this articles examines ways in which the law could be reformed to improve conditions for scientists. It also discusses the need for, and equitable ways of, prioritising space activities. The forthcoming IHY 2007 should provide an opportunity for scientists to showcase their achievements.     

A forward looking space policy for the USA

The 1958 Space Act created separate but related military and civilian space exploration and exploitation efforts for the USA. This Viewpoint reexamines the assumptions of the act, and questions how they might be modified to fit with technical and political developments since 1958. Should separate civilian and military programmes continue? How should launch vehicles be developed and operated? What should be the major goals of the space exploration programmes? A well defined and forward looking space policy is proposed, including a lunar base programme, which will take the initiative away from the USSR.     

空间环境模拟试验设备研制项目进度管理研究

文章对空间环境模拟试验设备研制过程中的进度管理进行研究,结合实际工程经验,对工作分解结构、里程碑计划管理及网络计划技术等项目管理方法在空间环境模拟试验设备研制进度管理中的应用作了初步探讨,介绍了项目管理方法在的进度管理上的具体应用。     

时延下空间遥操作机器人系统工作模式研究

工作在人机交互方式下的遥操作机器人是实现空间作业的有力手段。首先介绍了空间遥操作机器人系统的构成与工作原理，然后提出了基于临场感遥控技术、虚拟现实技术与自主控制技术相结合的多种工作模式，用于实现在不同条件下时延空间遥操作机器人系统的作业任务，并讨论了工作模式选择的方法。最后经模拟实验系统验证了所提出的工作模式的有效性。     

深空辐射环境对航天活动的危害及对策

深空辐射环境是影响深空探测任务的一个主要因素,它主要包括太阳粒子事件、银河宇宙射线、俘获辐射带和黑体表面辐射。文章分析了它对航天活动的危害,并探讨了相应的对策。     

Performance relationships between ground model and space prototype of deployable space antennas

Performance testing is very useful in the design of deployable space antennas. It is arduous and costly to carry out the prototype experiments on the ground because of the large aperture of the antenna and the difficulty of simulating space environments. Thus, a smaller replica of the antenna, called scale model, is used to achieve the performance testing for reasons of economy, convenience, and saving in time. In this paper, a two-step approach is proposed to predict the prototype performance of the antenna in the space environment according to the performance testing of the scale model. The first step is to analyze the similarity between the prototype and the model in the same environment. Different methods are adopted according to the different performance of the antenna. The scaling laws of the driving force of the deployable Astromesh antenna are established through the differential equations on the basis of the deployment dynamic equations, while the scaling laws of frequency are derived by the dimensional analysis method. The second step is to analyze the performance relationships of the scale model in the different environments. Experiments on the scale model can be performed to obtain the performance relationships. Finally, a complete example of the natural frequency analysis is given to illustrate the two-step method.     

Vision-based pose estimation for cooperative space objects

Imaging sensors are widely used in aerospace recently. In this paper, a vision-based approach for estimating the pose of cooperative space objects is proposed. We learn generative model for each space object based on homeomorphic manifold analysis. Conceptual manifold is used to represent pose variation of captured images of the object in visual space, and nonlinear functions mapping between conceptual manifold representation and visual inputs are learned. Given such learned model, we estimate the pose of a new image by minimizing a reconstruction error via a traversal procedure along the conceptual manifold. Experimental results on the simulated image dataset show that our approach is effective for 1D and 2D pose estimation.     

未来的深空探测与空间环境模拟

文章介绍了国内外有代表性的深空探测计划的内容、特点和意义,包括:欧空局的Exo Mars火星车、美国"2020火星车"以及中国的2020火星探测计划;金星着陆探测进展情况;欧空局木星系统探测计划"木星冰月亮探索者(JUICE)"和美国的"木卫二飞越任务(Europa Clipper)";"蜻蜓号(Dragonfly)"土卫六探测项目;美国的"彗星天体生物学探索取样返回(CAESAR)"项目;月球探测计划等。还分析了未来深空探测对空间环境模拟的具体要求,空间环境模拟对推动深空探测发展的重要意义;提出了对我国未来开展空间环境模拟试验的建议。     

卫星空间辐射效应及防护技术飞行试验初步设想

文章分析了国内外卫星空间辐射效应飞行试验的现状和发展趋势,根据我国卫星空间辐射效应及防护技术的具体情况,对卫星空间辐射效应及防护技术空间飞行试验的开展提出了建议。     

Modeling international cooperation for space exploration

Space exploration into the twenty-first century is contingent upon the ability of states to forge an appropriate vehicle for international cooperation. A theoretical framework that explains international cooperation in space exploration is proposed. This framework encompasses scientific, technological, political, and economic initial conditions, state and nonstate political actors, and models of cooperation that explain how initial conditions and actors interact to realize cooperative outcomes. It is hypothesized that the prevailing initial conditions favor certain political actors over others which, in turn, promote a specific model of cooperation. Cooperative policy outcomes are examined and assessed vis-à-vis case studies of cooperation in space exploration. On this basis, policy recommendations that engender effective cooperative outcomes in space exploration are suggested.