S形进气道中心线方程构造及其影响的研究

为了拓展s形进气道中心线的选择范围,根据S形进气道的几何边界条件,提出一种基于多项式形式的中心线造型方法。依据不同的中心线拐点位置,采用该方法构造九条有代表性的中心线方程,并建立相应的s形进气道的几何造型。通过对不同几何造型进气道的三维N—s方程数值计算,得到s形进气道的总压恢复和DC10等性能指标,并通过分析发现S形进气道中心线拐点位置对这些性能指标的影响。结果表明：随着中心线拐点位置向后移动,总压恢复系数得到提高,但出口不均匀程度变坏。     

压气机过渡段造型及三维数值模拟

提出一种基于S形曲线压气机过渡段造型方法.该方法将过渡段造型归结为S形内壁曲线拐点相对位置,面积分布率极值及其极值点相对位置3个几何控制因素.并采用此方法构造了一系列压气机过渡段,并针对这些过渡段进行三维数值模拟.结果表明:面积分布率极值是影响过渡段性能最重要的因素;可以通过调整面积分布率极值来控制过渡段最大面积处相对马赫数,减小外壁气流附面层厚度及支板形成的低压尾迹区;同时,配合变化较陡的内壁造型和合理的面积分布率曲线极值点相对位置,可以改善外壁形状,抑制附面层变厚.对于所研究的过渡段,内壁拐点相对位置为0.18,面积分布率极值点相对位置为0.20,相对马赫数为0.65时,总压损失最小.      

半埋入式S弯进气道设计及其优化

为了减小大量附面层(δ=20%入口截面高度)吸入的半埋入式S弯进气道出口畸变,在完成其设计的基础上,以ISIGHT优化软件为平台,应用非支配排序遗传算法对其扩压器部分进行优化,并将优化前后结果进行对比。结果表明:优化后,进气道总压恢复系数略有提高,旋流畸变改善最为明显,降低约49.31%;几何结构相对原型改变较大,中心线趋于前后缓急相当,截面面积开始缓慢递增,靠近出口时急剧增加,呈现出"后发力"的特点;不同马赫数下,优化后进气道出口截面总压恢复、周向总压畸变、旋流畸变都有所改善,但优化前后各参数随马赫数的变化趋势不尽相同。     

一种受总体限制的弹用S弯进气道的设计和实验验证

在飞行器总体对发动机进气道长度、偏距和相贯位置有特定要求及叉形弹翼根部空间的限制情况下,设计了一种大偏距、短扩压的S弯进气道。进气道的设计特点是在唇口后保证有尽可能长的S弯扩压段,扩压段在采用合理的中心线变化规律和面积变化规律的情况下,通过变宽度的方法确定截面形状,以满足总体要求。风洞模型实验结果表明:1.进气道具有良好的气动性能,高的总压恢复系数(σ>0.985),较低的周向稳态总压畸变指数(Δσ0<1.0%)和径向稳态总压畸变指数(Δσp<2.8%);2.在一定马赫数下,进气道性能对正攻角和偏航角不敏感,仍保持高的总压恢复系数和低的畸变;3.进气道出口气流紊流度较低(—Tu<2.5%),因此进气道出口截面的总畸变指数低(w<3.0%)。     

亚声速无人机S弯进气道的多点多目标优化设计

为提高亚声速无隔道式S弯进气道的整体气动性能,本文以提高总压恢复系数和降低畸变指数为设计目标,结合高精度数值模拟方法与第二代非劣排序遗传算法（NSGA-II）,开展了无隔道式S弯进气道在马赫数0.25和0.7时的多目标优化设计。整个优化流程基于400个样本,最终得到四幅有效Pareto前沿图。从总压畸变Pareto前沿图中选取出优化算例并与原始进气道进行对比,结果表明：优化后的进气道中心线斜率入口段小、出口段大,而横截面面积分布的曲线斜率恰好相反;优化后的进气道低压区缩小、流动分离得到有效的控制;虽然总压恢复系数提高有限,但是总压畸变得到大幅降低,在马赫数为0.25和0.7时,分别降低15.86%和23.61%。优化后的进气道在马赫数0.25~0.7范围内的整体性能得到有效改善。本文把优化设计方法进一步推广应用于3个马赫数下的多点多目标优化设计,并得到了三维Pareto前沿图。     

采用几何方式组合壁面压力/马赫数分布的弯曲压缩面

根据给定壁面参数分布规律反设计压缩面的方法,通过几何方式组合研究了壁面采用压力/马赫数复合分布规律的弯曲压缩面,分析了压缩面的参数分布和性能特点.在与参考二维进气道相同约束条件下,将弯曲压缩面应用于二维进气道,分析了其性能并与参考二维进气道进行了对比.数值研究结果表明:几何方式组合能充分发挥壁面按单一参数设计所得弯曲压缩面的优势,使壁面参数分布得到有效改善并趋于更加合理.同参考二维进气道相比,几何方式组合进气道的外压缩面长度有所增加,但在来流马赫数在4~6范围内它的喉道总压恢复系数均得到显著提高.来流马赫数为6时,几何方式组合进气道的喉道总压恢复系数提高10%;来流马赫数为4时其喉道总压恢复系数提高9.6%.     

一种外并联型涡轮基组合循环发动机进气系统方案

提出了一种外并联型涡轮基组合循环发动机可变几何进气道气动设计方案.数值模拟研究了该变几何方案沿飞行轨迹的气动性能参数变化.在此基础上,对设计参数和进气道几何调节规律进行研究,得到了较优的进气道调节规律及典型工作点进气道气动性能.结果显示:不同来流马赫数下,涡轮通道喉道截面总压恢复系数不低于0.69,冲压通道出口截面总压恢复系数在0.38以上.      

S形进气道流场数值模拟

考虑了外流场对进气道内部气流流动状况的影响,将S形进气道的内外流场进行综合求解.采用有限容积法,求解全三维N-S方程.将数值计算结果与实验数据进行了对比,分析了机头/前机身对进气道入口气流的影响,同时也分析了进气道入口激波分布和进气道内部气流流动情况,以及出口流场的气流品质.从计算结果看该进气道损失比较大,出口截面最高的总压恢复系数为0.96;二三级调解板可以有效地引导气流,避免第一转弯处的大面积回流.     

斜出口合成射流激励器S进气道分离流动控制

设计加工了单膜双腔式斜出口合成射流激励器,应用PSI DTC Initium压力扫描系统对斜出口合成射流激励器在S进气道主动流动控制中的应用进行了研究。结果表明：斜出口合成射流激励器能够抑制S进气道分离流动,提高出口总压恢复系数σ和降低畸变指数DC90,只需通过改变激励器的工作电压和频率,就可实现对S进气道内部流场的控制。在共振频率下,当来流速度V=80m/s,采用斜出口合成射流控制可使出口截面平均总压恢复系数增加0.37%,此时所耗合成射流能量仅为主流的0.24%。     

马赫数可控的方转圆高超声速内收缩进气道试验研究

基于反正切马赫数分布的弥散反射激波中心体轴对称基准流场,设计了方转圆内收缩进气道,并对其进行自由射流试验和数值仿真,获得该类进气道设计点的工作特性。试验结果表明：进气道顶板压力分布具有反正切曲线特征,总体性能优良且出口涡流区较小,上述设计方法可行有效。设计点时出口总压恢复系数达到0.561,增压比为26.2,临界反压约为135倍来流静压,对应的总压恢复系数为0.210。当带4°攻角时,进气道出口增压比增加49.6%的同时总压恢复系数降低了17.5%。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.