四个静止轨道卫星移动电话系统

不久，将有４个地球静止轨道区域性卫星通信系统，可用于为亚太地区的市场提供卫星移动电话业务，它们是“亚洲蜂窝卫星”（ＡＣｅＳ）、“亚太移动通信卫星”（ＡＰＭＴ）、“阿格拉尼卫星”（Ａｇｒａｎｉ）和“土拉亚卫星”（Ｔｈｕｒａｙａ）。ＡＣｅＳ公司的总部设在印尼的雅加达，该卫星系统预计将在１９９９年底率先提供商业服务。ＡＰＭＴ注册在新加坡，最初曾打算２０００年第二季度发射并开始运营，但由于美国政府拒绝为休斯公司签发卫星出口许可证，此卫星已不能按期发射。Ｔｈｕｒａｙａ公司的总部设在阿联酋的阿布扎比（Ａｂｕ…     

日本航天步入艰难时期—评日本“通信广播工程试验卫星”发射失败的影响

日本航天步入艰难时期——评日本“通信广播工程试验卫星”发射失败的影响日本宇宙开发事业团（ＮＡＳＤＡ）于去年底决定在１９９８年２月发射“通信广播工程试验卫星”（ＣＯＭＥＴＳ）。这是该星第３次变动发射时间。它最初计划是１９９７年初发射，后因工程试验卫星－...     

TRW公司新星一瞥

↑美国ＴＲＷ公司正在为航宇局研制小型勘测卫星，它定于１９９６年７月用ＬＬＶ－１火箭发射。↑台湾（省）第一颗地球观测卫星（ＲＯＣＳＡＴ）将于１９９８年６月用ＬＬＶ－１火箭发射。它由美国ＴＲＷ公司制造，重４００千克，载有一台照相机和一台Ｋａ波段转发器。↑...     

ETS-6卫星仍完成大量任务

日本宇宙开发事业团（ＮＡＳＤＡ）最近宣布，去年８月发射因故障未进入地球静止轨道的技术试验卫星一６（ＥＴＳ－６），仍完成了大量试验，基本上达到了预期的效果。ＥＴＳ－６卫星目前运行在近地点高度为８５６０千米、远地点高度为３８７００千米，倾角为１３的大椭圆轨道上。卫星每３天经过原计划规定的地区上空一次，每次地面可跟踪３小时。ＮＡＳＤＡ和位于东京的日本电报电话公司（ＮＴＴ）、通信研究实验室（ＣＲＬ）就抓紧利用这个“窗口”与ＥＴＳ－６进行通信和计划中的其他试验。ＮＡＳＡＤ发言人说，ＥＴＳ－６卫星各分系统工…     

卫星相机中侧视反射镜振动及微重力环境下的影响分析

文章介绍了“资源一号”卫星02星在地面测试时CCD相机图像扰振现象和对像质的影响, 图像扰振的原因———相机的侧视反射镜发生振动。探讨了侧视反射镜共振的机理: 由于预紧蜗簧与蜗轮弹性变形的组合弹簧而形成共振系统, 从而使外来干扰振动被放大, 并由此得到克服或控制扰振的方法。此外, 还讨论重力环境变化对反射镜振动的影响,认为不会增大振动的影响, 卫星在轨工作时相机可以保持地面同样效果。卫星发射后, 图像像质良好, 说明反射镜振动得到控制, 也说明重力环境改变对振动没有异常变化。     

质子M火箭恢复发射

9月21日，俄罗斯质子M／和风M型运载火箭在拜科努尔发射场成功发射了一颗军事卫星。卫星代号“宇宙”2473，据悉是一颗静地轨道军事中继卫星，称为“捕鲸叉”1。“捕鲸叉”系列卫星用于接替“急流”系统中的“喷泉”系列卫星。这是质子M／和风M火箭8月18日发射俄“快讯”AM4通信卫星失败后的首次发射。     

美国为适应预算下降强化使用小型航天器

尽管美国国防部和航宇局大力发展小型卫星以节约资金，缩短从设计到发射的时间，但这股急流并不像产业界官员想象的那样迅速。美国光谱天体公司总裁Ｗ·戴维·辛普森认为，鉴于预算持续削减，政府已趋于采用越来越小的卫星和运载火箭。ＣＴＡ空间系统公司总裁乔治·塞贝斯...     

韩国多用途卫星

韩国空间研究所（ＫＡＲＩ）负责的一颗小而轻的“多用途卫星”（ＫＯＭＰＳＡＴ）计划于１９９９年发射，卫星由美国ＴＲＷ公司设计，它是这家公司为美国军、民用和国外用户已发射和正在制造的１０个轻型卫星之一。韩国发射这样一颗小型卫星的目的之一就是要训练一批自己...     

空间扫描

英国微型卫星ＰｏＳＡＴ－１发回高质量地球遥感图像　由地球成像系统公司收到的该卫星的１００多幅图片，显示出了气象云图和道路桥梁等细节。ＰｏＳＡＴ－１卫星是在１９９３年９月２９日搭载在阿里安火箭上发射的，卫星仅重５０公斤，制造和发射费用不到１２０万英磅。英国ＳＳＥ技术公司引进Ｋｕ波段卫星收发两用机　这种ＡＳＡＴ－１２１４／ＡＢ型收发两用机能快速选择ＫＵ波段卫星，在全Ｋｕ波段１０．９５～１２．７５ＧＨｚ频段内搜索。该收发机由３个部件组成：一个上下行转换器，一个电源，一个宽波段ＬＮＡ。美国德尔它－　（Ｄ…     

空间扫描

阿里安－４火箭于１９９５年１２月６日发射了法国电信星－２Ｃ和印度卫星－２Ｃ　这次发射使该火箭顺利结束了１９９５年的航天发射任务。电信星－２Ｃ将使法国电信局到２００５年能提高和保证它为法国本土和海外省提供服务。１９９５年“阿里安”火箭共发射了１３颗卫星...     

SPOT遥感图象的信息保持型压缩

对SPOT遥感图象的信息保持型压缩编码进行了研究。对几种不同的预测器及A_2、A_3线性码进行了比较,得出如下结论:在SPOT 遥感图象的信息保持型压缩编码中,采用文献[1]提出的三点预测器较好,线性码采用A_3码较好;两者结合,在信息保持率大于99%时,可使压缩比达2倍以上。文内还对在压缩图象的传输与恢复中碰到的问题进行了探讨。     

Utilization of spot for mineral exploration,with special reference to Western Africa

The first SPOT 1 images show that data quality is in fairly good agreement with the SPOT simulations on which the geological community has worked in recent years. SPOT data are particularly useful in mineral exploration for the following reasons :- ground resolution (10 m and 20 m) proves to be very effective at scales such as 1/50,000. It considerably improves the identification of secondary structural features that may be significant for mineral exploration- stereoscopy makes it possible to quantify the dip of bedding, thickness of layers, fault displacement, etc.- acquisition flexibility is an additional advantage in the case of programs requiring multitemporal data.Two examples from Western Africa are described :- Poura, Burkina Faso : gold mining prospect- Bandiagara, Mali : reconnaissance study.SPOT makes it possible to bridge the gap between the regional information provided by Landsat data and that provided by ground of large scale aerial photographic surveys, with the advantage of multispectral images.     

Quality assessment by region in spot images fused by means dual-tree complex wavelet transform

This work is motivated in providing and evaluating a fusion algorithm of remotely sensed images, i.e. the fusion of a high spatial resolution panchromatic image with a multi-spectral image (also known as pansharpening) using the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT), an effective approach for conducting an analytic and oversampled wavelet transform to reduce aliasing, and in turn reduce shift dependence of the wavelet transform. The proposed scheme includes the definition of a model to establish how information will be extracted from the PAN band and how that information will be injected into the MS bands with low spatial resolution. The approach was applied to Spot 5 images where there are bands falling outside PAN’s spectrum. We propose an optional step in the quality evaluation protocol, which is to study the quality of the merger by regions, where each region represents a specific feature of the image. The results show that DT-CWT based approach offers good spatial quality while retaining the spectral information of original images, case SPOT 5. The additional step facilitates the identification of the most affected regions by the fusion process.     

陆地卫星地面接收站微波系统扩充方案

讨论了为接收Landsat-6而扩充的陆地卫星地面接收站微波系统方案。该工作完成后,不仅能实现对Landsat-5、Landsat-6、SPOT 卫星的兼容,而且配上相应的解调器也能接收ERS-1、JERS-1及中国即将发射的资源卫星及其它工作在8025～8400MHz 的任何卫星的发射数据。     

Derniers resultats de calcul d'orbite SPOT et TOPEX/POSEIDON obtenus avec DORIS

DORIS is a tracking system developed by CNES to support precise orbit computation of the US-French TOPEX/POSEIDON project. Moreover DORIS data are currently processed to compute SPOT2 and SPOT3 orbits. Although the SPOT satellites are at 800 km altitudes, their orbits reach the decimetric level, to be compared to the 3–4 cm RMS on the T/P radial component.For each type of orbit, there is an adaptive period of a few months which is used for improving the precision. The paper describes what has been done to reduce some items in the total error budget. The latest results will be presented as well as the criteria which are settled to characterize the improvements.Finally, the future developments of DORIS and the potential projects flowing DORIS will be outlined such as ENVISAT and TOPEX/POSEIDON Follow On.     

Application potential of SPOT imagery for topographic mapping

The high resolution and good geometric configuration possible with SPOT gives a high potential for the production of 1:100 000 topographic maps. Studies at University College London have investigated this potential with the aid of a simple instrument which will introduce the necessary corrections to level 1b photographic images and orthophotographs and allow stereoscopic viewing of SPOT images and the ability to compile a line map. Accuracy has been investigated by computing ground co-ordinates from image co-ordinates and pixel positions. The methods used and results obtained in this work are described.Work is now going on to investigate the use of digital image processors in the mapping procedures and the use of analytical plotting instruments, and comments on this work and on future developments are made.     

天线平面近场测量的研究(一)

<正> 一、问题的提出为节省星上射频功率、减少对邻国的干扰,考虑到我国版图的具体情况,广播卫星采用多馈源抛物面天线的成形波束设计。有关该天线辐射和复盖性能分析参见。我国广播卫星电视传送频段拟用Ku波段(12/14GHZ),数值计算表明反射面天线口径一般都超过一米。多馈源抛物面成形波束的设计基础是利用偏焦馈源的二次波束偏斜。恰当设计馈源数目和它们在焦平面上位置及相对激励系数,就可得到按预定空间分布的各子波束。这些子波束     

SPOT image quality and post-launch assessment

In this paper we present the image quality specifications for the SPOT System and the methods used for their assessment. These methods fall into two categories: pre-launch ground testing and post-launch assessment (during the satellite's first two months in orbit). The geometric specifications concern image location accuracy, length distortion, anisomorphism, multi-date and multispectral registration, local coherence and, in the case of stereo pairs, accuracy of elevation measurement. The radiometric specifications concern: signal-to-noise ratio, detector equalization and array response linearity; band-to-band, absolute and multi-date registration; distortion due to high radiances (blooming) and modulation transfer function (MTF).     

Spectral characterization of arid rangelands in the high atlas mountains,Morocco

Considering an arid area in the High Atlas mountains of Morocco, the assessment of vegetation cover is carried out from ground spectral measurements and analysis of satellite imagery. Ground measurements have been made with SPOT simulation radiometer; results are related to reflectance-vegetation coverage relationships and to spectral responses obtained at a local level (120m transects). Analysis of Thematic Mapper and SPOT data includes visual interpretation of color composite imagery for geomorphological units delineation, principal component analysis and examination of bispectral scatter plots.     

卫星在电视广播中的应用

近十年来,卫星广播技术的发展十分迅速。文章全面地阐述了广播卫星的使用频段以及各种接收方式。并对Ku 波段卫星广播的规划,直播卫星(DBS)系统的关键部件,地面接收系统的小型化和卫星广播电视的传输制式等问题进行了论述。最后,概括了国外直播电视的发展状况。