Cosmic ray 1H and 2H spectra from BESS 98

The Balloon-borne Experiment with a Super-solenoidal Spectrometer (BESS) instrument has been flown annually from Lynn Lake Manitoba since 1993. The instrument has been upgraded several times to improve its performance. The instalment flown in 1998 was able to detect ²H clearly between 0.13 and 1.78 GeV/n as a result of improvements made on the time-of-flight (TOF) system. The BESS 98 data were analyzed to obtain the ratio and absolute fluxes of ¹H and ²H over this energy range. The results were compared with different cosmic ray propagation models and their implications regarding their propagation history are discussed in this paper.     

Cosmic ray H/H ratio measured from BESS in 2000 during solar maximum

The Balloon-borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) was flown from Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada in August, 2000, during the maximum solar modulation period, with an average residual atmospheric overburden of 4.3 g/cm². Precise spectral measurements of cosmic ray hydrogen isotopes from 0.178 GeV/n to 1.334 GeV/n were made during the 28.7 h of flight. This paper presents the measured energy spectra and their ratio, ²H/¹H. The results are also compared with previous measurements and theoretical predictions.     

基于T-S模糊模型的模糊大系统的混合滤波

针对非线性大系统内部过程参数的检测估计,采用连续模糊大系统模型,利用lyapunov定理和分布式处理方法,给出了模糊大系统的H2/H∞混合滤波器设计方法。该方法在保证滤波误差系统全局稳定的同时,具备了H2/H∞性能。通过求解线性矩阵不等式,可以得到滤波器参数。最后,用一个数值例子验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

A surge obsrved in Hα and CIV

Simultaneous Hα (MSDP at Meudon) and C IV (UVSP aboard SMM) measurements of Active Region 2701 were made on October 2, 1980. Isodensity and velocity maps were derived for both lines and superposed. A good correlation was found between Hα and C IV velocities. A surge was observed for 10 minutes. The base was located in a bright point in CIV and Hα, and escaping matter followed the same channel (“absorbing” in Hα, “emitting” in C IV). The velocity along the surge was about 80 kms.-1 in Hα and 100 km s-1 in C IV. A loop appeared in C IV. We discuss the existing models and conclude that the vertical pressure gradient was capable of driving the surge.     

基于H.323协议的分布式网守研究

基于H.323协议的视讯会议系统的可扩展性与网守(GK,Gatekeeper)结构密切相关.提出了一种多区域分 布式网守架构, 提供了多媒体视讯会议系统在大规模网络部署的方案.这种分布式结构不仅 克服了集中式和分层式模型的缺点,还很好地解决了网守之间的负载平衡问题.终端之间的 跨区域通信通过基于别名规则的信令消息路由方法来实现,网守通过扩散和逆向学习法自动 生成信令消息散列表.考虑到网守之间的负载平衡问题,本架构在区域内采用集中式管理模 型,并提出了基于负载因子最小平衡算法(BLFA,Balancing Load Factor Algorithm)的网守负载平衡解决方案.      

Relative abundance of H and He in outer ionosphere

A mathematical model is used to study the relative abundance of H⁺ and He⁺ ions in the topside ionosphere. It is found that the daytime light-ion densities are strongly coupled with the neutral densities. This fact arises difficulties in modelling the ion composition for IRI without taking into account any particular reference atmosphere. As an example, the transition heights between O⁺---H⁺ and O⁺---He⁺ are shown, plotted against the neutral densities. The supposed linear dependance gives a clear evidence that all light-ion ionization below these heights will experience stronger influence by the neutral atmosphere.     

H.264中多模式运动估计算法优化

针对H.264标准的多模式运动估计算法编码模式复杂、计算量大的不足,通过对H.264参考模型JM10中运动估计算法的分析,提出了一种利用时间、空间相关性的模式选择算法和结合一维绝对差值和(SAD,Sum of Absolute Difference)的高效匹配准则,将串行全搜索的运动估计算法改进为并行部分搜索的运动估计算法,把一维SAD和二维SAD匹配准则结合使用,从模式选择和编码速度两个方面对原算法进行优化.实验结果表明:与参考模型JM10的运动估计算法相比,提出的优化算法在恢复质量(用峰值信噪比表征)平均下降0.03 dB、码速率增加不超过1.5%的前提下,编码速率提高20%~30%,表明了该算法在恢复质量略有下降的情况下明显提高了编码速度.      

H.264中多参考帧快速运动估计算法

针对H.264的运动估计计算量太大的问题,通过研究并验证视频多帧参考时的运动连续性,提出了一种基于有效区域的快速运动估计算法(VRF,Valid-Region-based Fast Motion Estimation). 该算法在第一个参考帧中用三步搜索(3SS,3-Step Search)快速估计整像素精度运动矢量, 并以此定义一个有效区域, 参考其它帧时, 在该有效区域内作改进的3SS估计; 然后选择最佳参考帧; 最后在所选择的最佳参考帧的有效区域内作全搜索和相应的分数像素精度估计. 实验证明, 和H.264全搜索相比, 本算法的运动估计搜索点数降低了82%以上, 而恢复质量(用峰值信噪比(PSNR,Peak Signal to Noise Ratio)表征)平均只下降0.24 dB,且码速率只增加8.81%; 和另一个经典的帧选择快速算法相比, 本算法的搜索点数降低了39%,且码速率平均下降了5.17%, 而恢复质量只下降0.08 dB.      

High LET-induced H2AX phosphorylation around the Bragg curve.

We investigated the spatial distribution of the induction of the phosphorylated form of the histone protein H2AX (gamma-H2AX), known to be activated by DSBs. Following irradiation of human fibroblast cells with 600 MeV/nucleon silicon and 600 MeV/nucleon iron ions we observed the formation of gamma-H2AX aggregates in the shape of streaks stretching over several micrometers in an x/y plane. Polyethylene shielding was used to achieve a Bragg curve distribution with beam geometry parallel to the monolayer of cells. We present data that highlights the formation of immunofluorescent gamma-H2AX tracks showing the ion trajectories across the Bragg peak of irradiated human fibroblast cells. Qualitative analyses of these distributions indicated potentially increased clustering of DNA damage before the Bragg peak, enhanced gamma-H2AX distribution at the peak, and provided visual evidence of high-linear energy transfer particle traversal of cells beyond the Bragg peak in agreement with one-dimensional transport approximations. Spatial assessment of gamma-H2AX fluorescence may provide direct insights into DNA damage across the Bragg curve for high charge and energy ions including the biological consequences of shielding and possible contributors to bystander effects.     

陀螺用H型动压气浮轴承电机启动特性

为满足卫星长寿命应用的需求,H型动压气浮轴承在陀螺上得到了应用.在应用过程中,对其有了更深刻的认识.首先介绍动压气浮轴承的基本结构及原理,然后对H型动压气浮轴承不同姿态下的启动特性进行详尽地分析,并给出研究结果及启示.     

状态反馈 H∞ 控制问题可解条件的简化

考虑了状态反馈H_∞控制可解条件的简化问题.状态反馈H_∞控制问题的可解性可转化为一类线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的可解性,通过删除这类LMI中多余的矩阵变量,可减少矩阵变量的维数.而且,基于降维LMI的可行解,可构造出原LMI的可行解集.在此基础上,导出了简化的状态反馈H_∞控制问题可解条件.基于简化条件的可行解,可构造出状态反馈H_∞控制器簇,该控制器簇中含有丰富的自由参数.最后,给出了两个简单的例子,说明了文中方法的正确性.     

On the impulsiveness of the Hα emission from a flaring atmosphere

Emissions from solar flares may reveal fast fluctuations, which can be attributed to small-scale injections of energetic electrons. In this paper, we perform numerical calculations of the Hα emission from a flaring atmosphere bombarded by a pulsating electron beam. We assume that the variation of the electron beam flux consists of two components: a fluctuation component and a background component. The results show that the amplitude of Hα fluctuations varies depending on the magnitude of the background flux of the electron beam. In the case of a higher background flux, the Hα fluctuations are more significant than in the case of a lower background flux. This result is compatible with the observations in which the Hα fluctuations appear preferentially near the hard X-ray maximum.     

Observations of ultraviolet spectra of H II regions and galaxies with IUE

The ultraviolet spectra, obtained with the International Ultraviolet Explorer, of a sample of H II regions and the nuclear regions of spiral and elliptical galaxies are described. The star formation rates in the nuclei of spiral galaxies are similar to the star formation rate in the solar neighbourhood. The data indicate that the current thinking on the synthesis of carbon and nitrogen in galaxies has to be revised and the K-corrections determined from the ultraviolet spectra of galaxies when compared with the photometry of distant galaxies suggests colour evolution of galaxies at z > 0.3.     

Constant power H∞ stabilization control strategy on airborne pump supplying system

以机载泵源系统的恒功率控制为目标，针对作业任务中系统负载随时间变化的情况，采用使液压系统输出功率保持恒定的控制方式来达到充分利用发动机功率的目的，对于机载泵源控制系统的主要被控对象——轴向柱塞式变量泵，建立了其状态方程和流量输出方程，采用H。鲁棒镇定控制策略实时调节泵的排量，仿真结果表明：当负载变化时，系统能根据压力的变化快速转换到恒功率工作曲线下对应的流量状态，所设计的H。控制器能够减小干扰和模型参数不确定对系统稳定性的影响，具有良好的鲁棒性，表明该方法用于机载液压系统可以改善系统工作性能，提高系统功率的利用率。     

一种面向H.264/AVC的快速帧内预测选择算法

为提高I帧的编码效率,最新的视频压缩编码标准H.264/AVC,在空间域上 从多个方向进行多种模式的帧内预测,并使用率失真优化算法选择最佳模式,算法复杂度很 高.为此,提出了一种快速的帧内预测算法.针对亮度块的模式选择过程,提出了基于图像 熵值和滑动窗口机制自适应地调整熵值阈值的方法对宏块模式进行预判;针对亮度模式中多 个预测方向的选择,充分利用中间结果,预先排除一些可能性小的预测方向;在亮度块和色 度块相结合的率失真统计中,改变算法结构,预先计算色度块最佳模式.实验结果表明,算 法在不降低图像质量的基础上,编码速度平均提高76%,码率平均增加2.6%.      

GEO卫星氢镍蓄电池在轨温度波动机理分析

在某地球静止轨道通信卫星平台布局的基础上,通过合理地简化和假设建立了南蓄电池舱作为热分析计算模型,对影响蓄电池在轨温度波动的机理进行分析。分析结果表明：在冬至,西板、对地+Y板和背地+Y板受照外热流的日变化会引起其内表面温度大幅度波动,通过舱内热辐射又会引起服务舱南板等结构板内表面温度波动,而服务舱南板通过导热将引起安装其上的蓄电池温度波动,这是导致蓄电池温度波动的根本原因。     

利用H.264中运动矢量实现运动目标检测

针对视频压缩和运动目标跟踪同时实现的应用,通过研究H.264压缩标准中运动矢量包含的图像运动信息并分析运动估计原理,提出了一种利用视频压缩中的运动矢量信息实现运动目标检测的方法,确立了H.264编码流中运动矢量与场景中物体运动状态的对应关系.将运动目标从背景中分离是检测算法的核心.对于双门限值的设置,可分离不同运动速度的目标;同时,算法排除了背景运动的干扰,因而可应用于摄像机运动的场合;由于检测算法所用的运动矢量直接来源于H.264编码过程,而大大降低了计算复杂度,利于硬件实现.     

Indirect search for Dark Matter with H.E.S.S.

Observations of the Galactic center region with the H.E.S.S. telescopes have established the existence of a steady, extended source of gamma-ray emission coinciding with the position of the super massive black hole Sgr A^*. This is a remarkable finding given the expected presence of dense self-annihilating Dark Matter in the Galactic center region. The self-annihilation process is giving rise to gamma-ray production through hadronization including the production of neutral pions which decay into gamma-rays but also through (loop-suppressed) annihilation into final states of almost mono-energetic photons. We study the observed gamma-ray signal (spectrum and shape) from the Galactic center in the context of Dark Matter annihilation and indicate the prospects for further indirect Dark Matter searches with H.E.S.S.     

Robust H∞ controller design for attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft with input constraints

This paper addresses the attitude stabilization and vibration suppression problem for flexible spacecraft subject to model parameter uncertainty, controller perturbations, external disturbances and input constraints. The attitude model of flexible spacecraft is described and converted into a state space form in terms of passive and active vibration suppression schemes. A novel state feedback controller is proposed based on the exactly available expectation of a new variable, which is introduced to model a randomly occurring controller gain perturbation. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for the existence of the nonfragile H_∞ controller considering input constraints are given based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) in terms of additive perturbation and multiplicative perturbation. Then, the developed controller subject to required constraints can be obtained, where the nonfragile property is fully considered to improve the tolerance to uncertainties in the controller. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy in attitude stabilization and vibration suppression, where it should be noted that the passive vibration suppression scheme is superior for high natural frequencies while the active vibration suppression scheme is superior for low natural frequencies. Moreover, the low natural frequencies have more influence on the performance of attitude stabilization and vibration suppression.