X-47B无人机

美国海军和诺斯罗普·格鲁门公司于2012年11月27日至12月17日在杜鲁门号航母上完成了X-47B无人作战空中系统验证机(UCAS-D)的一系列甲板试验。测试内容包括X-47B在飞行甲板上滑行,用手持控制显示单元(CDU)操纵无人机移动到航母弹射器;操纵X-47B滑行至拦阻索;试验无人机的加油作业能力,以及操纵该机进出航母飞行甲板和机库之间的升降梯。2013年,X-47B还将在帕特森特河进行X-47B的岸基拦阻着陆和航母测     

X-47B生产型亮相

诺斯罗普·格鲁门公司近日展示了为美国海军研制的首架X-47B无人作战飞机验证机,并透露了UCAS-D计划的一些细节和X-47B的设计特点。作为美国新一代无人隐身自主作战飞机的先导,X-47B采用了多种最新技术,重点是在航空母舰上的使用潜力。     

X-47B战术技术指标分析研究

X-47B是舰载起降的无尾飞翼布局自主攻击机,是未来作战飞机的一个发展方向。本文以逆向设计方法,分析研究了X-47B演示验证机的战术技术指标,其中包括最大起飞重量、飞行包线、航程、隐身特性等指标。目的为了揭示类似无人作战飞机的发展远景。     

美国海军用X-47B推进Uclass计划

美国国会在国防预算中增加了美国海军“无人驾驶舰载监视和攻击系统“（Uclass）计划的拨款,通用原子、洛克希德·马丁、诺斯罗普·格鲁门和波音公司4家承包商已获得美国海军授权．参与Uclass研制活动。目标是2016年到达关键设计评审阶段。为此．美国海军计划用X-47B验证机开展大量试验．一方面加快X-47B计划进程：另一方面根据未来可能的作战环境开展模拟适应性试验．以确定Uclass的最终设计要求。     

X-48B验证机的研制与发展

波音公司对翼身融合体(BWB)布局的X-48B无人验证机的研究结果显示,这种飞机比常规布局飞机具有更大的升力、更小的阻力和更好的经济性,从而不仅为今后超大型客机的发展探索出一条可行之路,而且也显示了巨大的军事应用潜力.为此,X-48B已经成为美国X系列家族的最新成员,并将很快投入飞行试验.     

X-47B飞翼气动布局设计分析

对X-47B双后掠飞翼布局的气动布局设计进行了研究,分析了前缘后掠角、外翼弦长等平面形状参数对单后掠、双后掠飞翼布局的气动及隐身特性的影响,讨论了内外翼采用不同前缘剖面形状的原因,总结了X-47B无人作战飞机布局的发展历程及详细设计阶段翼尖修形的效果,为飞翼布局飞机的气动隐身设计提供设计参考。     

美国海军X-47B验证机首飞引发的思考

X-47B验证机的首飞标志着美国无人驾驶飞机进入了新的发展阶段,从以情报、监栅11侦察（ISR）为主要任务的武装无人机向以对地攻击为主要任务的无人作战飞机转变,表明美国航空航天界在这一关键技术领域取得了一系列重大突破。     

X-47B验证机完成舰载协同飞行测试

8月17R,X-47B验证机与F／A-18“大黄蜂”舰载战斗机在罗斯福号航空母舰上完成了一系列协同飞行测试,标志着舰载无人机关键技术验证又迈出了重要一步。     

类X-47B无人机菱形编队气动干扰数值模拟

设计了一种由4架类X?47B飞翼布局无人机（UAVs）组成的菱形编队。通过求解RANS方程的数值模拟方法,研究了菱形编队无人机气动干扰问题,详细分析了影响机理,定量给出了编队减阻效果。计算结果表明:头机气动性能基本保持不变。两侧僚机受上洗气流影响,其减阻效果明显。尾机主要受下洗气流影响,其阻力增大,对编队久航和远航不利。在重力配平条件下,两侧僚机飞行阻力的减小是由攻角减小和诱导阻力减小共同引起的。尾机在编队中飞行阻力的增大主要是攻角增大带来的阻力增加,诱导阻力增大仅带来了20%的阻力增量。从减小下洗气流对尾机的不利影响出发,对不同垂向间距的尾机升阻特性进行了研究,并参考雁群头鸟变换行为机制,给出了无人机菱形编队飞行建议。      

类X-47狭缝式进气道的流动特征与工作性能

对一种背部安装的狭缝式进气道进行了设计和仿真研究,获得了该类进气道的流动特征和工作特性.结果表明,由于存在剧烈的通道弯曲和宽度收缩,进气道的内部流动较为恶劣,边界层气流在通道的上方和下方两侧堆积,并在扩压器后段的上部出现了分离.当自由流马赫数为0.70、迎角为0.时,进气道出口截面的总压恢复系数为0.975,总压畸变指数则达0.484.另外,进气道前方的大鼓包未能起到有效排除前体边界层气流的效果,而正迎角下前体侧棱产生的前缘涡则能将前体边界层扫向机体的两侧,有效减少了进入内通道的低能气流,对出口截面下方两侧的低总压区起着抑制作用.本文的工作还为狭缝式进气道的改进设计提供了依据.     

未来大飞机的新视点 波音公司对翼身融合体布局客机的详细研究

面对未来民用客机在节油。减排和降噪等环保性能的越来越苛刻的要求。采用传统常规气动布局的客机已无更多潜力可挖,美国NASA认为,机翼／机身融合体飞翼布局设计,是唯一能满足2020年运载能力、使用效率,特别是激进的环保指标要求的解决途径。     

Special Column of BWB Civil Aircraft Technology

正The Blended-Wing-Body (BWB)configuration may become one of themainconfigurationsforthenext generation of wide-body civil aircraft.A research team led by Northwestern Polytechnical University has been devoted to the BWB configuration for more than ten years, and has achieved a series of key technology research     

X-37B轨道试验飞行器首次飞行

X-37B轨道试验飞行器（OTV）成功发射升空,标志着美国空军第一种空天飞行验证平台开始了首次太空之旅,并有可能发展成为一种可重复使用的军用空天飞行器。     

Long term observations of Cyg X-3 with Vela 5B

We present long-term (1969–1979) observations of Cygnus X-3, obtained by the Vela 5B satellite. The 3–12 keV light curve has 10 day time resolution. Cyg X-3 is a peculiar high-luminosity X-ray source, radiating from the radio region to hard gamma rays of more than 10¹⁶ eV. It has a 4.8 hour period, probably orbital, which is not resolved by our present analysis. Long term periodicities of 17, 20, and 33–34 days have been reported by several authors, and explained as the effects of apsidal motion, precession, or an eccentric orbit. We do not observe the 17 and 33–34 day variations, and set upper limits significantly lower than the reported amplitude of the 33–34 day variation. There is weak evidence for a 20 day flux variation. The light curve shows high and low states which alternate with a characteristic timescale of 1 year. There is no counterpart, at this time resolution, of the giant radio outburst of 1972 September.     

从蓝色天空进入黑色太空美国空军将发射第一架无人空天飞机验证机X-37B

在等待了50年之后,今年年底美国空军准备用“宇宙神”V运载火箭将首架可以在轨飞行,执行侦察、部署卫星等任务的军用无人空天飞机验证机送入地球轨道。     

Cygnus X-1 revisited

We review the X- and gamma-ray observations of Cygnus X-1 and their theoretical interpretations, with emphasis on new developments since the mid-1970's. The overall data base at present is most consistent with the inverse Compton model by hot thermal electrons of T _e 10⁹ K, for the hard X-ray luminosity (10–200 keV). However, the origin of the soft X-rays ( 10 keV) in high states and gamma rays (> 200 keV) remain unsettled.Operated under DOE Contract W-7405-Eng-48.Partially supported by NASA Grant NGR 05-020-668.NRC/NRL Research Associate.     

X- and XUV-radiation of the solar corona

First a survey of the ionization states and emission lines of the ions existing in the corona is given. Then instruments for taking pictures of the Sun in the X- and the XUV-region as well as for measuring spectra emitted in interesting locations on the Sun are presented. Methods of plasma diagnostics, in particular for the determination of the mean temperature and the differential emission measure are described.In the following review of observations, which are related to the topic of the workshop, types of coronal structures especially coronal holes, active regions and large scale structures are described. Their relations to the photospheric magnetic fields are dealt with; methods to calculate coronal magnetic fields are briefly discussed. As for temporal variations results of the analysis of expanding X-ray arches and of structures becoming visible in the outer corona in white light are mentioned. Finally, plasma diagnostics by means of high-resolution spectra are dealt with, in particular methods for the determination of the particle density by lines of He-like ions and of the local temperature by Li-like satellites lines. Thus non-thermal random velocities and outward moving plasma can be inferred during flares.Paper presented at the IX-th Lindau Workshop The Source Region of the Solar Wind.     

X-33 redundancy management system

The X-33 is an unmanned advanced technology demonstrator with a mission to validate new technologies for the next generation of Reusable Launch Vehicles. Various system redundancies are designed in the X-33 to enhance the probability of successfully completing its mission in the event of faults and failures during flight. One such redundant system is the Vehicle and Mission Computer that controls the X-33 ea, and manages the avionics subsystems. Historically, redundancy management and applications such as flight control and vehicle management tended to be highly coupled. One of the technologies that the X-33 will demonstrate is the Redundancy Management System (RMS) that uncouples the applications from the redundancy management details, in the same way that real-time operating systems have uncoupled applications from task scheduling, communication and synchronization details     

蓄势待发的X-51A

目前X-51A验证机从乘波外形的局部优化到碳氢燃料超燃冲压发动机（Scramjet）的地面试验等各项关键技术均取得了重大突破,特别是已经通过了关键设计评审（CDR）和点燃SJX61-2碳氢燃料（JP-7）超燃冲压发动机的两个里程碑,准备在今年下半年进行首次试飞。