系统主备份切换关键技术研究

本文主要介绍了双备份系统中的主控制器和备份控制器的自动切换任务,围绕此任务重点介绍了在系统启动时如何确定主备控制器、故障检测任务和状态监控任务,并对每一项工作任务中的重点和难点进行浅析。     

基于冗余网络的数据综合处理热备份策略

在传统集中分布式地面控制系统架构的基础上,通过改进网络冗余、综合设备故障状态,设计了一种基于冗余网络的数据综合处理架构,提出了实时高效的主备切换策略,有效降低了地面控制站系统风险、提高了系统的可用性,通过验证得出该技术有效地保证双机切换的实时要求.     

双总线通信架构的航电系统双机备份技术研究

针对采用两种通信总线作为主要通信的复杂航电系统,通过研究其体系结构,利用故障树对系统可能故障进行分析,优化了单总线通信系统中主备机表决算法,设计了一种双总线通信系统中主备机的同步和双机切换机制,提升了双机切换的性能,实现了系统故障时的平滑切换运行,提高了双机切换的实时性和双机备份系统的可靠性。     

一种基于FPGA的航空发动机独立备份控制系统（英文）

当航空发动机主控制系统出现故障时,为确保飞行安全,提出一种基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的独立备份控制系统,通过配置FPGA内部可编程逻辑实现主备控制系统平稳切换以及燃油流量、螺旋桨转速控制功能,提高航空发动机的安全性与可靠性。给出了备份控制系统的总体方案、工作原理、控制算法、切换逻辑、通道同步及机内自测试(BIT)方法等。研究成果已应用于某型航空发动机控制系统中,并进行了发动机地面台架试车。验证结果表明:该备份控制系统工作稳定,转速控制误差小于0.2%、燃油流量控制误差小于0.35%,通道切换时燃油流量扰动不超过1.5%,满足设计要求。     

新型高可靠性主燃油控制装置设计仿真研究

为了提高主燃油控制装置的可靠性,在设计方案中增加了泵转换单元和计量转换活门。泵转换单元连接燃油计量子系统和导叶作动子系统,计量转换活门连接主燃油电液伺服阀与热计量电液伺服阀,实现了泵源备份和计量控制备份功能。通过AMESim建立的主燃油控制装置的数学模型对两个新增备份转换装置及功能进行了性能仿真,重点分析了备份切换过程中压力、流量等参数的波动情况。仿真结果表明:泵备份切换和计量备份切换过程引起的燃油波动都能在较短时间内恢复,分别为0.3s和1s。主燃油控制装置在单泵源状态工作时,导叶作动子系统工作正常,对计量燃油子系统的影响极小。     

恒流调光器（CCR）冗余热备份的应用

一、概述 在现代机场中，助航灯光系统的正常运转，为航空器的飞行安全提供了重要的保障。在灯光系统中，恒流调光器(CCR)是核心设备。目前调光器(CCR)采取了控制单元与升压变压器集中的一体化设计，在可靠性、实用性等方面有了很大提高，但是为充分保障灯光系统的正常工作，在设计中考虑为助航灯光重要回路的调光器配置备机仍然是十分必要的，通过调光器冗余热备份控制，实现调光器故障发生时的快速自动切换功能，必将大大提高灯光系统运行的可靠性。     

航空发动机压气机导流叶片调节器切换特性

为了提高飞行可靠性,航空发动机导流叶片调节器采用数字电子控制为主控方式,并辅以液压机械备份控制器。为此对数字电子控制器的切换特性进行了研究。对所设计的导叶调节器切换过程进行动静态仿真,结果表明:数字电子控制器出现故障后,采用切断电子控制通道的处置方式可以满足系统对切换过程平稳和安全的要求,且系统切换至液压机械备份控制器后,各项技术指标可以满足航空发动机对该导流叶片调节器的要求。     

MD5算法在双机热备份信息同步中的应用

在双机热备份算法中,主服务器与备份服务器之间保持信息及时同步至关重要,但传统的主备信息同步方式在效率和可靠性方面却存在着一定的缺陷。为更好地提高主备信息同步效率,本文提出采用MD5(M es-sage D igest 5)算法,对主服务器与备服务器的同步信息进行信息摘要运算,转化为定长字节的信息流后再进行同步。实践应用证明该方法可快速侦测出主、备服务器同步信息的差别,提高双机热备份信息同步的效率。     

基于AFDX的综合航电系统余度技术研究

基于AFDX数据网络提出了航电系统总线数据传输的冗余设计,重点介绍了网络配置实现主控制器与备份控制器的切换技术,从软硬件系统综合考虑,提高综合模块化航电系统的可靠性。     

UPS原理及并机应用

本文主要介绍了UPS系统基本组成和各模块功能、设备故障时的工作情况，主从热备份并机应用及预防故障和发生故障的操作规程，以此提高UPS应用水平，减少事故的发生。     

某型涡轴发动机数控系统的机械液压备份控制方案研究

综合国内外涡轴发动机控制系统的发展趋势及成熟度的基础上,提出了一种带机械液压备份功能的控制系统方案,该方案的机械液压备份功能模块能跟随数字控制功能模块,并能够在数字控制失效后平稳切换到机械液压备份控制,具有在包线范围内实现发动机的燃油和导叶机械液压备份控制功能,保证涡轴发动机安全工作和直升机的安全返航.该方案通过工程设计、试制,开展了半物理试验和台架试验验证,验证结果表明:该备份控制方案的动力涡轮转速控制精度优于±0.5%,导叶控制精度优于4°,具有良好的工程应用性.      

FPGA-Based Independent Backup ControlSystem of Aero-Engine

An independent backup control system based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is used to ensure air safety when the master control system of aero-engine breaks down. It can realize a smooth transition from the master control system to the backup control system, control the fuel flow and airscrew speed by setting the programmable logic in FPGA. This system can improve the reliability and safety of aero-engine. This paper proposed the general plan, operating principle, control algorithm, switching logic, channel synchronization and Built-In Test (BIT) of the backup control system. The research has been applied in a certain type of aero-engine control system and passed the rig test. Speed control error is less than 0.2% and fuel flow control error is less than 0.35%. During the channel switching, the fluctuation of the fuel flow control is within 1.5%. It turns out that the system works stably and meets the design requirements.     

基于功能检测的备用系统维修优化研究

为了减小或消除主系统故障的后果,机械中经常采用备用系统在主系统故障时代替其完成功能。根据某些机械设备的备用系统故障具有延迟性的特点,提出了不等间隔的功能检测策略;建立了该策略下备用系统的可用度模型和费用率模型;以系统可用度为约束,维修费用率为目标,建立了不等间隔功能检测维修策略下的维修优化模型;最后给出了优化模型的求解算法,得到了维修间隔的确定方法并进行了实例验证分析,结果表明：当首次检测间隔是重复检测间隔的3倍时采用不等间隔的功能检测优化模型比采用等间隔的功能检测优化模型节约9.55%。     

民用飞机辅助动力装置起动电气系统研究

辅助动力装置系统的主要作用是为飞机在地面和空中提供备用电源并为发动机起动及环控系统提供气源。起动系统作为辅助动力装置系统的重要组成部分,是保证APU正常工作的前提条件。对辅助动力装置起动系统几个典型构型的电气原理和电气接口进行了介绍和分析,并通过对各种电气设计的对比,分析得出民用飞机在辅助动力装置起动系统电气设计上的发展方向,为民用飞机辅助动力装置起动系统设计方案的选择提供参考和借鉴     

Design of Boeing 777 electric system

The electric power system for the Boeing 777 is comprised of two independent electrical systems, the main and the backup. The main electric system includes two engine-driven integrated drive generators, a generator driven by the auxiliary power unit, three generator control units, and a bus power control unit. The backup electric system includes two engine-drive generators and one integrated converter/control unit to provide the redundancy of electrical sources equivalent to a three-engine airplane. Automation of the system is achieved by the use of state-of-the-art, microprocessor-based control units that perform system control, protection, and built-in-test functions. Each control unit has redundant two-way communication through an ARINC 629 communication bus that requires significantly fewer discrete wires than similar systems, allowing considerable reduction of the interface circuits and reduction in weight     

综合化航电电源管理系统的设计

提出综合化航电电源管理软件总体设计方案;论述了对系统管理支持、高可靠分布式监控协议、主从实时监控管理以及紧急掉电处理等关键设计;通过综合化航电系统仿真环境验证了方案的可行性。     

Design for aircraft engine multi-objective controllers with switching characteristics

The aircraft engine multi-loop control system is described and the switching control theory is introduced to solve the regulating and protecting control problems in this paper. The aircraft engine multi-loop control system is firstly described and the control problems are formulated. Secondly, the theory of the smooth switching control is devoted and a new extended scheme for the smooth switching of a switched control system is introduced. Then, for the key technologies of aero-engines switching control, a design algorithm is presented which can determine which candidate controller should be put in feedback with the plant to achieve a desired performance and the procedure to design the aircraft engine multi-loop control system is detailed. The switching performance objectives and the switching scheme are given and a family of PID controllers and compensators is designed. The simulation shows that using the switching control design method can not only improve the dynamic performance of the aircraft engine control system and reduce the switching times, but also guarantee the stability in some peculiar occasions.     

Model reference adaptive control with smooth switching scheme for piecewise linear systems and its application in turbofan engine control

A model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with smooth switching scheme was proposed for piecewise linear systems, and the method was utilized in turbofan engine control to avoid the discontinuity of control input. In this scheme, each sub-region of the operating envelope had its own MRAC controller, and smooth indicator function based smooth switching scheme was introduced to switch multiple controllers smoothly at the boundary of adjacent sub-regions. The Lyapunov stability analysis indicated that the proposed smooth switching scheme can guarantee the convergence of the closed-loop system during the controllers switching. The tracking error system was converted into a switched system to analyze the global stability of the closed-loop system. The advantage of the method was that the chattering of system output and instability caused by asynchronous switching can be eliminated. The simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in comparison with the existing MRAC controller with gain scheduling for turbofan engine.