高动态下惯性加速度辅助三阶锁相环性能分析

针对高阶跟踪环路稳定性比低阶环路差,大带宽带来测量误差大的问题。研究在高动态环境下,惯导加速度信息辅助卫星接收机三阶载波锁相环跟踪算法,以及不同环路参数下跟踪环路的性能。对载体高动态场景、加速度信息延迟进行建模,并对算法进行了数学仿真。仿真分析结果表明,在加速度信息辅助下,即使压缩载波跟踪环路等效噪声带宽到3Hz,在高达1200g/s的加速度动态下,环路跟踪同样稳定可靠。     

基于DDS驱动PLL结构的X波段雷达信号频率综合器

给出了一种基于DDS驱动PLL的频率综合器结构。该结构采用AD9854DDS芯片产生低频的参考信号,然后驱动锁相环和VCO产生X波段射频信号。实验和测量结果表明,该频率综合器具有较宽的工作带宽和较低的相位噪声,可以用来产生连续波、线性调频信号和频率捷变信号用于X波段雷达信号的仿真。     

高速电机转子现场动平衡方法建模与仿真

通过对高速电机转子动不平衡的因素进行分析,根据系统的等效不平衡量、磁轴承控制力等各环节进行了数学建模,针对转子几何轴与惯性主轴不重合导致的动不平衡,采用转速自适应陷波器辨识不平衡量的大小、全数字锁相环辨识不平衡量的相位,并针对传统数字锁相环捕获带宽和抗干扰能力之间的矛盾,提出了改进的方法。     

相关法测量中的噪声信号源和扫频信号源的性能比较

时差法相关测量中信号的带宽越宽，互相关函数的峰值点的峰值优势越大，其测量的抗干扰性能越好。通过理论分析和数学仿真研究了两种宽带信号源——噪声信号和扫频信号，并利用相关分析法测量两信号问时差时的性能。结论是：噪声信号频带范围宽，带宽不受所采用信号长短的限制，测量分辨力高，但其频谱与噪声干扰频谱相似，抗干扰能力差；扫频信号的频率和带宽可人为控制，频谱特征明显，抗干扰性能好。     

一种可实现增益、带宽独立调控的低噪声MEMS加速度计接口电路设计

为了进一步满足振梁式加速度计(VBA)对前端放大接口电路增益、带宽以及噪声的更高要求,提出了一种适用于硅微振梁式加速度计的可实现增益、带宽独立调控的低噪声前端放大接口电路。该设计基于T型接口电路的两级拓扑结构,有效解决了增益、带宽和噪声之间的制约问题。通过仿真与实验结果表明,该设计在等效跨阻增益为40MΩ的前提下,最终实现了带宽为410kHz、相位误差为1.2°、等效输入电流噪声密度为■。基于该设计的实验样机在上电稳定后1h零偏不稳定性达1.156μg,相较于传统一级跨阻接口电路减小了49.2%(2.274μg),验证了该新型接口电路的可行性和优越性。     

高速风扇噪声的频谱分析中带宽的影响

叶片通过频率分量是风扇噪声的主要成分,但在对噪声测量信号进行频谱分析中发现选择不同带宽可导致显著不同的叶片通过频率分量谱值.讨论了使用不同带宽对相同风扇噪声记录进行的快速傅里叶变换(FFT)分析过程,由于FFT分析得到的频谱声压级是带宽内谱能量和,当由于转速波动引起的叶片通过频率波动范围超过分析带宽时带宽的变化将引起声压级的差异,本文提出了获得确定声压级频谱的方法.     

高频振荡器噪声分析

 本文将高频振荡器视为具有深度正反馈噪声放大器。对它分析,给出正弦波信号的谱、等效带宽及相位噪声谱;同时还提出诸如高频振荡器内部产生的随机游走噪声形成机理等新看法。     

基于锁相环的光电振荡器频率稳定化研究

通过构建小数分频锁相环,将一个工作于X波段的OEO(OptoElectronic Oscillator,光电振荡器)与OCXO(Oven-Controlled Crystal Oscillator,恒温晶体振荡器)进行锁相,得到了输出信号相位噪声和长期频率稳定度的提升。从PLL(Phase-Locked Loop,锁相环)环路传输特性出发,理论分析了PLL输出信号环路带宽内相位噪声水平和作用范围。为降低OEO整体的相位噪声,采用SIL(Self-Injection-Locking,自注入锁定)使OEO在10Hz~10kHz频偏处的相位噪声得到20dB以上的抑制。在此基础上将此SIL OEO与一个频率为100 MHz的OCXO锁相,获得了频率为9.95GHz、相位噪声为-55dBc/Hz@10Hz和-124dBc/Hz@10kHz的微波信号输出,其频率的重叠阿伦方差在100s平均时间内达到1.14×10~(-11),证明了提出的方案对提升OEO频率稳定性具有一定的实际意义。     

基于蒙特卡罗方法的冷原子干涉仪物理仿真

由于现有的噪声分析方法无法很好地评估在复杂环境下冷原子干涉仪的输出特性,本文提出了一种新的冷原子干涉仪仿真方法,可以模拟大动态条件下各项噪声及其之间的耦合对冷原子干涉仪的影响。利用单粒子波包演化的处理方式对冷原子干涉仪进行全过程物理建模,并采取蒙特卡罗方法对大量确定初态的原子进行全过程统计,最终得到冷原子干涉仪在多种噪声同时存在的情况下的响应。该方法主要优势体现在能够对噪声耦合情形进行高精度仿真,并且可以根据实际数据对干涉仪输出进行实时处理,以提升冷原子干涉仪的性能指标。     

微弱光信号检测技术研究

为减少光电二极管与信号放大电路噪声对微弱光信号检测系统灵敏度的影响,提高检测精度.给出了微弱光信号检测电路噪声模型,并分析了灵敏度与带宽的关系,藉此能得到最佳的灵敏度和带宽组合.经仿真和实验表明该模拟有效,由此搭建的实验平台能测量nW级光功率.     

Noise Performance of a Gated Phase-Locked Loop

The objectives of this paper are two. The first is to show that a gated phase-locked loop (GPLL) is a tracking device whose operation approximates that of a maximum likelihood estimator of the phase of a pulsed sinusoid imbedded in noise. The second is to determine the behavior of theb loop in the presence of noise. It is found that the loop performance is equivalent to that of a continuous phase-locked loop driven by the same noise, plus a continuous sinusoid which has the same power as the pulsed sinusoid at the input of the GPLL.     

Cycle slip performance of digitally implemented phase detectors onAWGN channel

Cycle slip performance of digitally implemented phase detectors on additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is investigated. The performance measure evaluated is the mean cycle slip time of a first-order phase-locked loop. An equivalent phase detector model with state-dependent loop noise is employed. It is shown that this working basis is vital to arrive at correct results. Numerical results for triangular and saw-tooth type phase detectors are reported and compared with those for the multiplier phase detector     

Dynamics of the Phase-Locked Loop without a Limiter

The general (nth order) phase-locked loop is analyzed, of which the amplitude is not constant. The input carrier signal is amplitude-modulated by wide-band stationary Gaussian noise, and the signal, superposed with the additive white stationary Gaussian noise, enters the nonlimited phase-locked loop. Under the above assumptions the loop can be shown to constitute an n-dimensional vector Markov process, so that the process satisfies the n-dimensional Fokker-Plank equation. The probability density function depends on the effective loop signal-to-noise ratio and the effective modulation power.     

A Comparison of Second, Third, and Fourth Order Phase-Locked Loops

This paper presents data describing various performance characteristics of phase-locked loops, which were obtained for the purpose of determining an optimum selection of system order in view of typical operating conditions. With the functions optimized with respect to particular performance characteristics, calculations of the integrated square error and peak error with polynomial inputs are presented in terms of the noise bandwidth; and the generalized error coefficients are also provided in terms of the bandwidth with consideration for the use of both perfect and imperfect integrators. With specific input functions as provided by signals transmitted from earth satellites, an improved performance is demonstrated with the use of the higher order loops, and experimental results verify the calculations and also demonstrate the feasibility of the fourth order loop design.     

S频段小数分频锁相环频率合成器实现与应用

传统的整数分频锁相环频率合成技术无法在单个环路实现高频率、低分辨率和低相噪的目标,小数分频锁相环在提高鉴相频率的同时减小分频计数值,从而降低相位噪声。针对USB统一测控系统的需要,本文提出基于单片小数分频锁相环的微波频率合成方法。实验结果表明,小数分频锁相环频率合成器具备良好的信号输出特性,可以为测控系统提供低成本频率合成方案。     

Noise Dynamics of the Phase-Locked Loop with Signal Clipping

Employing techniques similar to the averaging methods of Krylov and Bogoliubov, an approximate noise analysis of the phase-locked loop with signal clipping is presented. The validity of the method is demonstrated by comparing the stationary probability density function for the phase error, generated by a system simulation, with the derived theoretical results. The latter portion of the paper discusses the relation of the phase-locked loop to Kalman-Bucy filter theory and presents a demodulator design that illustrates the self-adaptive properties attainable in phase-locked loops with signal clipping.     

Third-Order Loop Filter Design for Acceleration-Rate Tracking

A perfect third-order loop filter design that can be implemented as a digital filter is obtained which minimizes the noiseless steady-state acceleration rate (jerk) error for a fixed loop noise bandwidth. Simulations were performed to obtain transient responses of the third-order loop plus a sample fourth-order loop under a jerk input. The results enable one to obtain a loop design that minimizes the loop noise bandwidth required for a given steady-state jerk error and thus obtain better noise jitter performance.     

Acquisition Time of Tracking Loops Operating in the Frequency-Search Mode

This paper presents a theory for computing the signal acquisition time of a second-order tracing system operating in the frequency-search mode. In particular, a closed-form expression is obtained which relates the acquisition time to the relevant system parameters, to the initial loop detuning, and to the slope of the ramp that sweeps the voltage-controlled oscillator. Although the theory is only approximate and the resulting formula is exact only in the limit when the initial loop detuning ?F goes to infinity, it has been found that it gives quite accurate results as soon as ?F is some times greater than the equivalent noise bandwidth of the loop.     

Phase-Shift-Keyed Signal Detection with Noisy Reference Signals

This paper derives and graphically illustrates the performance characteristics of Phase-Shift-Keyed communication systems where the receiver's phase reference is noisy and derived from the observed waveform by means of a narrow-band tracking filter (a phase-locked loop). In particular, two phase measurement methods are considered. One method requires the transmission of an auxiliary carrier (in practice, this signal is usually referred to as the sync subcarrier). This carrier is tracked at the receiver by means of a phase-locked loop, and the output of this loop is used as a reference signal for performing a coherent detection. The second method is self-synchronizing in that the reference signal is derived from the modulated data signal by means of a squaring-loop. The statistics (and their properties) of the differenced-correlator outputs are derived and graphically illustrated as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio existing in the tracking filter's loop bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio in the data channel. Conclusions of these results as well as design trends are presented.     

Optimum Acquisition of the Idling First-Order Phase-Locked Loop

Acquisition of the idling first-order phase-locked loop (PLL) is investigated. An analytical solution for the Fokker-Planck equation is found if the noise term is neglected. Furthermore, the modulation signal that optimizes the acquisition is obtained by use of phase-plane techniques and Pontryagin's minimum principle.