FAA与EASA AMOC对比分析

当有些要求在执行适航指令过程中无法满足时,需要按照等效的符合性方法执行。本文主要针对波音和空客飞机讨论如何向FAA和EASA申请等效的符合性方法、以及申请过程中需要注意的事项。     

FAA自由飞行计划核心技术

本文介绍了美国联邦航空局（FAA）未来基于自由飞行计划的空管体制,研究了自由飞行计划的五项核心技术。     

美国FAA安全监察体系及其对我国民航的启示

美国航空安全监察最早起源于1926年航空商业法的通过,后来又先后经历了民用航空法时代(1938-1952年)、艾森豪威尔时代(1953-1958年)、联邦航空机构时代(1959-1965年)、交通运输部时代(1966-1977年)、放松管制时代(1978-1990s初期),目前已进入了系统安全时代(1990s初期至今)。其间遭遇了各种困     

FAA空管信息化概况

介绍了FAA国家空域系统现代化计划的关键系统和更新进程,以及自由飞行计划的概念和关键技术。     

Positive identification of aircraft on airport movementarea-results of FAA trials

Current operational airport surface surveillance systems do not positively identify aircraft as unique targets. Air traffic controllers are instead presented with a primary radar picture showing all traffic on the airport movement area. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is evaluating different types of systems that will add the aircraft's call-sign or flight number to the radar image thereby allowing controllers to positively identify individual aircraft at all times. This paper describes the development, implementation, and testing of the airport surface target identification system (ATIDS), and presents results of initial trials conducted at Atlanta Hartsfield International Airport     

FAA对老龄飞机持续适航管理现状的分析

通过研究美国联邦航空局(FAA)在老龄飞机持续适航方面采取的措施,分析持续适航要求条款的来源及原因,为我国民航在老龄飞机立法领域提供参考,同时在对规章要求的深入理解方面为民机制造商和运营方提供借鉴。     

美西南航与FAA就B737违规操作罚款达成一致

美西南航空近期同意向FAA支付750万美元(约合5140万元人民币)的罚款,以结束相关的执法行动,起因是在向FAA报告46架B737 Classics客机不符合适航性指令后,仍在2007年3月运营了9天的时间。     

飞行员应具备的英语能力

由语言所引发的航空事故,迫使国际民航组织对从事国际航线飞行的飞行员提出了最低的英语水平要求。要确保安全的航空通讯,飞行员应该同时具备三方面的英语交际能力,即无线电通话专门用语能力、航空用途英语能力、一般用途英语能力。     

农林5A型飞机驾驶员座椅FAA适航验证强度分析

介绍了农5A飞机驾驶员座椅在FAA适航取证中的强度验证计算方法。先对农5A飞机驾驶员座椅验证试验假件作用在安全带和肩带上载荷进行了分析,然后施加到座椅强度有限元计算模型上进行计算。座椅经参考强度计算结果设计改进后,顺利完成了强度验证试验,满足了FAA适航要求。本文为小型飞机座椅适航取证提供了思路和方法。     

The innovation process: interpreting customer requirements

In this article we argue that the interpreter role serves an important function in the innovation of new products and processes. In our survey of over 1000 United States Air Force engineers and project managers, we found that translating customer requirements into specification and statement of work form is one of the most difficult tasks to do in a program office. In analyzing the reasons for this difficulty, we address possible concerns about the nature of the requirement's definition process     

CW alternatives to the coherent pulse train-signals and processors

Continuous wave (CW) signals phase modulated by a periodic waveform, and their corresponding receivers, are discussed. The combined response in delay and Doppler is almost identical to the (ideal) response of the coherent pulse train. The receivers are matched to an integral number N of modulation periods of the transmitted signal. CW implies a duty cycle of 100%. However, the signal duration need not be longer than N+2 periods. The CW signals have the advantage that their peak power is equal to the average power. Their disadvantages are more complicated receiver processing and the need for two antennas     

The use of model-based test requirements throughout the productlife cycle

Test requirements, which are generally collected in multiple disparate formats throughout the life cycle of an electronic product, could be used in various applications that reduce test and development cycle times and increase the confidence in the final test program. Unfortunately, test requirements are seldom captured in a consistent format that may be processed by a computer, thus eliminating the possibility of using such requirements in an engineering application. Additionally, such an approach disallows test requirements captured in one segment of the product life cycle to be reused in subsequent life cycle stages. This paper describes a model-based methodology, specifically the Test Requirements Model (TeRM), which can be shown to facilitate the transfer of test-related product information between various stages of the life cycle. This transportability, in conjunction with an exchange format that can be processed by a computer, permits test requirement information to support value-added applications in the engineering process throughout the life cycle of a product     

Space Station power requirements and issues

This paper provides an overview of the Space Station configuration and summarizes the requirements, architecture, and significant challenges associated with the electrical power system (EPS). The Space Station configuration was baselined during the systems design review (SDR) process in March, 1994. The current configuration includes the addition of Russia as an international partner, resulting in major changes to the assembly sequence, pressurized module complement, and overall power architecture. The Russian contributions to the power system architecture, as well as an-overview and development status of the US provided elements is presented. Finally, a planned flight demonstration of solar dynamic power system on the Mir as part of the first phase of US/Russian cooperation in human space flight is described     

航空发动机研制需求管理探析

根据军用航空发动机研制特点,初步构建了航空发动机需求管理的总体框架和组织模式,并基于Teamcenter提出了需求数据追溯链管理方案,阐述了具体项目需求管理的实施路径。将其应用于真实的航空发动机研制管理中,组建了专项管理小组,明确了工作要求,并细化了其中的需求分析与定义、需求验证策划,通过专家评审对需求管理工作进行逐步改进及完善。上述方法可实现航空发动机需求管理工作由文件化向工具化、由碎片化向集成/综合化的模式转变,奠定了以需求为牵引驱动正向研发的基础,探索出一条实现航空发动机研制需求管理的途径。     

浅析多媒体管理人员的素质要求

以多媒体教学在高校教学任务中所发挥的重要角色为基础,以保证顺利完成教学任务为目的,指出多媒体管理中工作人员应具备的理念和专业技能,即,树立＂教学第一和热情服务＂的工作理念,拥有丰富的专业知识、熟练的排故障能力,坚守工作时间,时刻保持节约意识。保证多媒体设备的正常运转,提高多媒体教学的授课效果。     

Clutter rejection and transmitter-receiver requirements in anairborne radar

Ground clutter rejection requirements imposed on the exciter transmitter-receiver units of multirole airborne radar are examined. Methods are given to determine the characteristics of the units, such as noise, spurious spectral lines level, and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) dynamics, in both high- and medium-pulse-repetition-frequency modes of operation. It is shown that the spectral noise does not depend on either the wave form or the Doppler bandwidth. The reference oscillator spectral noise must be about -155 dB_c/Hz. The level of spurious lines generally depends only on the duty cycle, and the requirement is -80 dB_c for each line. ADC requires 12 to 14 b. The high-frequency mode is the most promising for detecting targets with very low radar cross sections in head-on configuration (free clutter domain)     

Information systems requirements analysis and design: a balancedapproach

Over the last decade information engineering has become the methodology of choice for developing information systems. There are as many definitions of information engineering as there are practitioners of the techniques. This paper addresses information engineering from a practical perspective; it discusses how information engineering techniques can be applied to the real-life problem of identifying system requirements and satisfying those requirements with a computer-based information system. The paper also shows that information engineering, rather than being a new methodology, is made up of components of existing methodologies     

Comparative study of lunar mission requirements and onboard propulsion system performance

In recent years, the lunar explorer programs, suspended for a long time, have resumed again with the rapid development of low cost and high-level technologies. As a result, several nations have made a success of lunar exploration programs with their own orbiters. Unlike a satellite orbiting the earth, the optimal design of an onboard propulsion system of a lunar orbiter is a major issue because it is not simple to make the orbiter arrive accurately at another planet far from the earth. Hence, a close attention is required to select and develop an appropriate type of the onboard propulsion system based on given mission requirements of a lunar orbiter. To do this, this study first surveys several lunar orbiters launched since 1990 and their major mission requirements. Then, it summarizes the technical trends of the onboard propulsion systems of the recent lunar orbiters and their key design and performance specifications through trade-off studies. By comparing these features, the present study investigates which lunar mission requirements are critically important, and how they can effect on the overall performance of an onboard propulsion system. Based on these investigations the major objective of the present study intends ultimately to set up a fundamental baseline in selecting and developing an appropriate type of onboard propulsion system of a lunar orbiter.     

FAA扩大指定授权组织对AD符合性替代方法的委任授权

美国联邦航空局(FAA)颁布了两个备忘录,扩大了指定授权组织(ODA)对AD符合性替代方法的批准权限,批准授权是针对某些与非结构项目相关的偏离,并且FAA指派ODA相应的技术部门进行批准工作。本文对此进行了分析。     

Space power systems requirements and issues: the next decade

Some of the more important space power technology issues, requirements, and challenges of the 1990s are described, and the impact of new component technology on the overall performance of space power systems is assessed. Advanced component, subsystem and system technologies that will significantly affect the performance, reliability, and survivability of next-generation baseload and burst mode space power systems are emphasized. Technology disciplines related to power sources (solar/nuclear and chemical), power conversion, energy storage, power conditioning/distribution and control, and waste-heat acquisition, transport, and rejection are primarily addressed. For some of them, performance trends that can be used as the basis for projecting future advanced power-system performance are developed. Performance capabilities for several different types of space power system for both baseload and burst mode applications are postulated on the basis of evolving technology and point designs that incorporate projections of advanced component capabilities