高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648与陶瓷型芯的界面反应研究

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱、电子探针和X射线衍射对高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648等轴晶和定向凝固铸件的合金/陶瓷型芯界面反应进行了系统研究,获得反应时间与反应量关系的界面反应动力学曲线、不同反应时间的反应界面形貌及产物的种类。结果表明:高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648与铝基型芯不易发生反应,而与硅基陶瓷型芯发生剧烈的界面反应,反应产生金属瘤状凸起物,造成铸件内腔破坏。此外,白色的硅基型芯内部变成黑色,黑色反应区内含有一定量的Cr,Al,Ti元素。在反应的中、后期型芯黑色反应区内还存在着灰色区,该区的Cr,Al,Ti含量远高于黑色反应区。高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648合金与硅基陶瓷型芯反应分为:(1)富Cr,Al,Ti熔体向型芯内的渗入阶段;(2)富Cr,Al,Ti熔体与陶瓷型芯SiO2基体的反应;(3)富Cr,Al,Ti的熔体与型芯中Zr-SiO4颗粒反应三个阶段。反应过程中型芯存在局部液化现象。K4648合金/硅基陶瓷型界面反应产物主要为层状或树枝状Al2O3,块状Cr3Si金属间化合物、ZrO2,富Cr,Zr,Al,Ti的复合氧化物、共晶形态的富Cr,Si,Al,Ti的复合氧化物、块状或树枝状的富Ti,Al,Zr,Cr复合氧化物。反应产物中的Cr,Al,Ti元素来自合金熔体而Zr,Si,O来自陶瓷型芯。     

温度对2A12铝合金在模拟油箱积水环境中初期腐蚀行为的影响

 基于飞机油箱舱内的铝合金在油箱积水环境中发生的腐蚀损伤问题,通过研究腐蚀形貌、最大点蚀坑深度、最大点蚀坑开口面积、表面腐蚀损伤度、交流阻抗响应等变化,分析了温度对2A12铝合金在模拟油箱积水环境中初期腐蚀行为的影响。研究发现,最大点蚀坑深度、开口面积、表面腐蚀损伤度都随着温度的升高而增加,特别当温度升高到65℃和75℃时,腐蚀严重加剧,各项评价指标显著增大。在25、35、45、55℃模拟油箱积水环境中,最大点蚀坑深度及开口面积随时间的关系呈现幂函数变化规律,而在65℃、75℃时,其遵循最小二乘法多项式拟合。电化学交流阻抗谱测试结果表明,2A12铝合金在3个特征温度(常温25℃、中温55℃及高温75℃)下的腐蚀速度快慢为V_75℃ > V_55℃ > V_25℃。     

热障涂层的制备及热震性能

采用电火花沉积+微弧氧化的方法在GH4169合金表面制备ZrO_2/NiCrAlY涂层,制备过程为:采用电火花沉积技术在GH4169基体表面先沉积厚度为250μm的NiCrAlY涂层,再沉积厚度为150μm的Zr涂层,最后通过微弧氧化的方法将Zr涂层氧化成ZrO_2涂层,从而得到ZrO_2/NiCrAlY涂层。采用Qauta 200F型场发射扫描电镜观察涂层的显微组织和形貌,研究ZrO_2/NiCrAlY涂层在不同温度下的热震性能,结果表明:当热震温度分别为750℃,850℃,950℃时,热震失效次数分别为51次、32次和19次,涂层的热震性能良好。     

DD3单晶镍基高温合金凝固过程的研究

 DD3合金是国产第一代单晶涡轮叶片材料,它去除了普通铸造高温合金中常存的微量合金化元素,使合金的初熔温度大大提高。这一特性使高温固溶处理得以在单晶合金中广泛应用,大幅度提高了合金的力学性能。同时,微量成分的调整,使得合金的凝固特性产生明显的变化。本研究工作通过对三种成分合金的凝固试验以及对凝固组织的显微分析来判断DD3合金凝固特性的变化规律。     

Effects of sintering temperature and time on defect evolution and compression properties of Ti-Al3Ti laminated composites

For metal-intermetallic laminated composites, various types of defects often occur during the preparation process. This paper studied the evolution and formation mechanism of defects,such as pores, tunnel cracks, and delamination cracks in Ti-Al₃Ti laminated composites prepared by vacuum hot-pressing method. Moreover, quasi-static and dynamic compression tests were performed to study the effects of pores and delamination cracks on the compression properties of the composites. The resu...     

EBPVD法制备NiCrAlY/ZrO2-8Y2O3微层复合板的拉伸力学性能研究

采用电子束物理气相沉积(EBPVD)工艺制备了NiCrAlY／ZrO2—8Y2O3微层复合板，测试了该材料在不同温度下的拉伸力学性能，初步探讨了拉伸强度与延伸率随温度变化而变化的可能机理。结果表明：该材料的屈服极限、强度极限和最大延伸率均随温度的升高而降低，在室温时它是一种脆性材料而在高温时则是延性良好的塑性材料。     

氢气/氧气/稀释气混合气高温高压下层流燃烧速度的测量

利用定容燃烧弹和高速纹影摄像系统,研究了高温高压条件下,不同稀释气和稀释系数对氢气/氧气/稀释气混合气层流燃烧速度的影响,获得了当量比为0.6~4.0,初始压力为0.1~0.5MPa,稀释系数为4~8的氢气/氧气/稀释气混合气的层流燃烧速度,并对其进行了数值模拟。实验和模拟均发现,在当量比小于1.0和大于3.0的范围内,层流燃烧速度均随初始压力升高而降低。而在当量比为1.0~3.0范围内,层流燃烧速度随初始压力升高呈现非单调变化的规律。通过敏感性分析发现三体反应（R15）在氮气作为稀释气的时候是抑制反应,而在氩气和氦气作为稀释气时是促进反应,主要是由于各稀释气热物性不同引起的。在当量比为1.0~3.0范围内,层流燃烧速度随初始压力升高呈现的非单调变化主要是链分支反应R1和链终止反应R15相互竞争的结果。      

Synthesis of TiNi/Ti_2Ni Composite Particles in Molten Salts

A new process of synthesizing TiNi/Ti2Ni composite particles, high temperature molten salts method, is introduced. This method uses molten salts as a reaction medium that does not take part in the chemical reaction and can be easily dissolved in rinsing water. Ac-cording this method, the composite particles were prepared in molten salts at 700 ℃-900 ℃. By means of differential scanning calo-rimetry (DSC), the reversible martensitic transformation of TiNi particles in these composite particles was confirmed.     

4种典型航空钛合金材料高温裂纹扩展性能对比试验

试验测定了4种典型航空钛合金材料（即TC18、TC21、TC4 DT、Ti 6Al 4V/ELI）在两种温度（25℃和250℃）下裂纹扩展性能,在试验数据的基础上,进行裂纹扩展性能对比分析,并对试样断口进行扫描电镜(SEM)分析,研究了高温和载荷联合作用对裂纹扩展的影响机理,结果表明:不同温度下,不同钛合金材料裂纹扩展速率之间存在很大的差异性;与室温断口相比,高温断口表面呈现浅黄色,并伴有大量二次裂纹;钛合金的裂纹扩展性能是受温度和载荷的联合作用影响,裂纹闭合和氧化作用共同决定了其扩展历程。      

Compound Ceramic Coatings Grown by Micro-plasma Oxidation on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Compound ceramics coatings on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy were prepared by the direct current micro-plasma oxidation (MPO) in NaAlO2 solution. The composition and morphology of the coatings were studied with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer technique was used to analyze the solution features of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in the process of preparation. The results reveal that Al2TiO5 forms in the coatings at the initial stages of MPO reaction, and its content changes rapidly with the reaction continuing: after 20 min, the ceramics coatings are composed of α-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3 and Al2TiO5, but after 40 min, its main composition is of α-Al2O3. The content of Ti in the solution will increase when the MPO time extends, and as will Al in the anode area until, after 30 min, it reaches the maximum and keeps constant from then on. Both substrata of Ti and Al in the electrolyte join the MPO reaction at the initial stage, where the formation of Al2TiO5 happens; but as the MPO reaction prolongs, more and more Al in the electrolyte will take part in the reaction, leading to the appearance of a large amount of Al2O3.