机械失效模式、原因和机理的诊断思路和主要依据

从断口、裂纹、痕迹和参数等4个方面阐述了机械失效模式、原因和机理诊断的主要依据,列出了机械使用失效的主要模式、原因和失效的主要形成条件和主要的诊断思路,并从单项分析和综合分析的角度给出了失效模式、原因和机理诊断所需要的"多维"信息系统,为分析和确认各种失效模式、原因和机理提供了主要的推理规则和基本方法;最后分析比较了各种二级疲劳失效模式和各种与应力腐蚀有关的失效模式之间的主要诊断依据和应注意的几个问题,为疑难二级失效模式的诊断问题提供了分析研究方向.      

空间甚低频太阳射电Ⅲ型爆研究进展

太阳非热高能粒子流是产生灾害性空间天气事件最主要的驱动源之一,其主要观测特征是具有快速频率漂移特征的射电Ⅲ型爆.主要介绍了国际上在空间甚低频波段(<30 MHz)太阳射电Ⅲ型爆的主要观测设备和研究进展,包括具备高时间–频率分辨能力的空间和月基甚低频频谱仪等,对存在的主要问题进行了详细讨论,系统分析了空间甚低频射电探测器...     

“方工显”的光栅数显和微机测量系统

介绍了“万工显”的光栅数显和微机测量系统的构和主要功能。重点说明了研究该系统的主要技术问题的解决办法，最后分析了系统的测量误差。     

基于系统科学的复杂系统软件生命周期模型研究

复杂系统的核心功能主要由软件实现,软件对复杂系统的可信性和质量有至关重要的影响.目前复杂系统软件的研制和管理主要采用基于一般系统工程的方法,未考虑复杂系统所具有的开放性、涌现性、自组织性等特征,存在一定局限性.为保证复杂系统软件的可信性和质量,基于复杂系统的主要特征,引入系统科学的方法及理论对现有方法进行扩展,并结合敏...     

VXI总线在雷达自动测试中的应用

简要介绍了由哈工大和航天总公司３５所研制的一种ＶＸＩ总线雷达自动测试系统。分别描述了该系统的关键技术和实现途径。还给出了系统的结构和主要技术指标。在该文中叙述了测试目标特性和主要测试功能。     

环境特性对无人直升机着舰控制的影响

空气流场和海浪是无人直升机着舰控制中关键的环境因素。从工程实现的角度研究了空气流场和海浪特性及对着舰控制的主要影响,提出了无人直升机在着舰控制中克服其不利影响的主要措施,供研究和使用者参考。     

《2011年中国的航天》白皮书发表

2011年12月29日,国务院新闻办公室发表了《2011年中国的航天》白皮书,对2006年以来中国航天的主要进展与未来5年的主要任务做了介绍和说明。     

《2011年中国的航天》白皮书发表

2011年12月29日，国务院新闻办公室发表了《2011年中国的航天》白皮书，对2006年以来中国航天的主要进展与未来五年的主要任务做了介绍和说明。     

宽带固态噪声源自动校准系统

主要介绍宽带固态噪声源自动校准系统ＨＰ８５１２０Ａ的用途、系统组成，主要技术指标和基本工作原理。所编制的各种系统运算软件，适合固态源和气体放电管噪声源的校准运用。给出了校准系统的误差分析。     

中国首次火星探测任务地面应用系统

中国首次火星探测任务(HX-1)计划2020年通过一次发射实现火星环绕和着陆巡视,对火星开展全球性、综合性的环绕探测,在火星表面开展区域巡视探测。地面应用系统是首次火星探测任务工程五大系统之一,主要负责科学探测计划制定,有效载荷运行管理,探测数据的接收、处理、解译和管理,组织开展科学数据的应用和研究等任务。在分析国外类似系统和火星探测地面应用系统的特点和难点基础上,从系统的主要任务和技术指标出发,介绍了系统总体布局、分系统主要功能、组成和设计。     

Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets,meteorites, Titan,and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments

To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments.     

一种保留几何及属性边界的网格简化方法

在实际应用领域,三维模型除包含由三角形网格构成的几何、拓扑信息外,还包含颜色、纹理、法矢量等属性信息,因此数据量较大,且不可避免地存在边界和孔洞.基于三角形折叠的方法,对误差矩阵的计算和误差控制方法进行了改进,并提出了几何及属性边界三角形的概念,给出了一种保留原始模型边界及属性信息的简化算法.该算法针对不同的边界情况将原始三角形网格划分为边界三角形、角点三角形、内部三角形及特征三角形,并采取相应的约束策略,在减小模型数据量的同时,较好地保留了边界和属性信息,并且生成递进网格文件,为包含属性的非封闭网格模型提供了连续多分辨率的模型重现.实验结果证明该方法快速有效,已成功应用于基于Web的三维递进传输和发布.      

On the dynamics of the heliosphere on intermediate and long time-scales

A time-dependent, three-dimensional model of the dynamics of the heliosphere as a result of solar activity and a time-varying local interstellar medium is presented. The model is based on a recent version of the well known ZEUS code and employs parallel processing. It includes the solar and interstellar plasma components as well as neutral atoms, and contains the heliospheric magnetic field in a kinematic fashion. We study the dynamics of the heliosphere due to solar activity on periods of months to years up to the so-called Schwabe (11-year) cycle as well as due to time variations of the local interstellar medium, all of which have drawn increasing attention during recent years, as the significance of their direct or indirect effect on the Earth and its environment is under lively debate.     

基于在线轨迹迭代的自适应再入制导

针对传统轨迹跟踪制导方法在再入飞行中无法较好适应导航模式切换等突变状况的问题,提出了一种能够有效应对制导系统输入信息不连续性的自适应在线轨迹生成方法。该方法通过实时的多项式拟合以及迭代过程确定满足终端约束条件的高度-速度剖面,并解算出当前飞行状态下所需的攻角与倾侧角指令,从而平稳、精确地将飞行器引导至末端能量管理段。通过对速度与能量、高度、轨迹倾角以及待飞航程等状态量建立解析关系,该方法拥有迭代速度快以及收敛性强的优势。仿真结果显示,该方法对输入信息的误差及跳变等不确定因素的适应性很强,在各类干扰情况下较传统方法拥有更高的制导精度。相较于传统轨迹跟踪制导方法,该方法在实际应用背景下显著地提升了制导的自主性与适应性。      

Spectroscopic observations of coronal waves and coronal mass ejections

It is common to use imaging instruments such as EUV and X-ray imagers and coronagraphs to study large-scale phenomena such as coronal mass ejections and coronal waves. Although high resolution spectroscopy is generally limited to a small field of view, its importance in understanding global phenomena should not be under-estimated. I will review current spectroscopic observations of large-scale dynamic phenomena such as global coronal waves and coronal mass ejections. The aim is to determine plasma parameters such as flows, temperatures and densities to obtain a physical understanding of these phenomena.     

基于人工神经网络的柔性机翼挠度预测

为实现对承载后柔性机翼挠度的准确预测,在全面分析柔性机翼挠度的影响因素基础上,应用正交试验法确定的影响柔性机翼挠度的主要因子作为输入变量,挠度作为输出变量,以大量试验数据为训练样本,通过多次试取隐含层和各隐含单元,并选取trainlm作为最优训练函数,最终建立了预测柔性机翼挠度的BP(Back Propagation)人工神经网络模型.在此基础上,随机选取试验结果中的12组试验样本,连续进行10次挠度预测,预测结果和试验实测值最大相对误差和标准方差分别为4.481%,1.033 7.解析结果表明:柔性机翼挠度预测结果与实验值吻合的较好,建立的人工神经网络预测模型具有较高的预测精度.     

一种基于PCI总线的可编程雷达信号模拟器实现

针对目前雷达回波信号模拟器功能单一、信号回放速度低的问题,提出了采用计算机PCI总线式结构、高速FIFO和高速D/A的实现方案,使模拟器的数据更新速度达到8 MHz,信号回放速率达到73 MHz;采用FPGA技术,使系统参数程控可选,且可方便地改动其组成结构以适应不同类型的雷达.通过对合成孔径雷达(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)回波信号的仿真输出,并经现场运行表明,该方案可行,样机运行可靠,满足对高分辨率图像的仿真要求.      

A multiple-CubeSat constellation for integrated earth observation and marine/air traffic monitoring

CubeSats has evolved from purely educational tools, to useful platforms for technology demonstration and many practical applications. This paper reviews a CubeSat constellation mission involving 3 CubeSats launched into orbit on Sep. 25th 2015, aiming to demonstrate the integrated application of low-cost CubeSat technologies with distributed payloads using a group of satellites, as well as to demonstrate several new technologies. The mission scenario, the satellite system design, the innovative technologies and instruments or devices used on the CubeSats and the in-orbit experimental results and the payload data analysis, as well as some experiences and lessons learned, are presented and summaried.     

航天器相对导航与控制技术的典型任务

在空间交会对接、在轨服务、近距离目标监视以及航天器编队飞行任务中,通常需要通过相对导航与控制技术对相互邻近的航天器进行控制.回顾了该领域典型的空间任务,特别关注任务、相对导航与控制方法、相对测量设备、推进系统等主要特征,并总结了该项技术的发展趋势.     

Modeling ground and space based cosmic ray observations

After entering our local astrosphere (called the heliosphere), galactic cosmic rays, as charged particles, are affected by the Sun’s turbulent magnetic field. This causes their intensities to decrease towards the inner heliosphere, a process referred to as modulation. Over the years, cosmic ray modulation has been studied extensively at Earth, utilizing both ground and space based observations. Moreover, modelling cosmic ray modulation and comparing results with observations, insight can be gained into the transport of these particles, as well as offering explanations for observed features. We review some of the most prominent cosmic ray observations made near Earth, how these observations can be modelled and what main insights are gained from this modelling approach. Furthermore, a discussion on drifts, as one of the main modulation processes, are given as well as how drift effects manifest in near Earth observations. We conclude by discussing the contemporary challenges, fuelled by observations, which are presently being investigated. A main challenge is explaining observations made during the past unusual solar minimum.