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控制系统数字化仿真技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
控制系统数字化仿真技术采用自主开发的新的建模方法,对高达七八十阶的微分方程组的运载火箭动力学方程未作任何简化和弹性峰值补偿,将针对各种飞行状态的火箭箭体参数变化用预处理的方法进行技术处理,不但克服了小型仿真机内存小的困难,而且大大缩短了箭体方程解算帧时,在小型机上实现了多波道同时进行的高精度的实时仿真模型。 相似文献
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借助于变质量陀螺方程,分析在主动段发动机尾喷口直径的变化对旋转固体火箭自旋速度的影响,得出对于双推力发动机在助推段向巡航段过渡时,由于发动机质量流量的改变,会使静稳定旋转固体火箭自旋速度以及弹体升力系数发生改变,导致弹道波动,进而得出为使旋转固体火箭自旋速度和弹道稳定,发动机尾喷口直径应与燃烧室内径相等的结论。利用Bendixson-Dulac定理,从微分方程理论给出了主动段飞行的旋转固体火箭,要么不发生锥形运动,要么仅发生一种稳定的锥形运动的理论证明,并得出气动阻尼不利于弹体姿态的结论。最后推导出旋转固体火箭变质量特性对弹体的章动阻尼作用的解析公式。 相似文献
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《固体火箭技术》2020,(4)
针对大长细比火箭在超声速条件下的气动弹性问题,开展了Fluent仿真计算与理论分析研究。首先,对未变形的火箭进行Fluent仿真计算,得到相应的箭体气动参数;其次,通过模态分析,获取变形后火箭外形进行气动仿真计算,获得变形后的箭体气动参数;最后,通过Fluent计算结果分析气动弹性变形对气动参数的影响,并结合伯德图分析结果,说明该方法能够实现对变形箭体弹性振动的主动抑制。研究结果表明,弹性变形导致箭体的轴向力系数、法向力系数和俯仰力矩系数的最大变化量分别为-15.59%、10.34%和16.91%,弹体压心最大前移量为13.4%,气弹性系数D1i、D2i和D3i最大变化量分别为20.4%、16.4%和15.2%。 相似文献
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长征系列运载火箭介绍:长征三号系列(七) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
五、制导和控制系统长征三号A火箭的制导与控制系统主要由制导系统和姿态控制系统组成。系统的主要特点是数字化、小型化并可加横向程序角。它在长征火箭系列中首次采用了四轴挠性平台,箭上计算机的性能也大幅度提高。1制导系统制导系统由四轴平台-箭上计算机组成,... 相似文献
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针对钝锥阻力体航天器降落伞高空开伞试验采用低成本小直径火箭外形包络受限问题,提出在箭体上安装柔性充气环和充气裙锥两种变构型方案,用于模拟降落伞开伞过程真实流场环境。采用三维雷诺时均N-S(Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes, RANS)方程方法分别对某钝锥构型返回舱、某小型火箭以及火箭尾部加装充气环和充气锥裙4种构型进行流场数值模拟,并对比各种构型的尾流流场特征。计算结果表明,箭体上加装充气环和充气裙锥都可从一定程度上改善尾流特性;相比之下,采用充气裙锥方案更接近返回舱真实尾流流场。 相似文献
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针对线阵扫描型激光雷达在非合作失稳航天器三维模型重建过程中,存在运动目标线扫数据畸变且目标因失稳导致运动特性难以准确估计问题,提出一种带畸变自修正式三维重建方法,并进行畸变容忍度临界值分析。该方法基于测量系统的角精度与测距精度设计畸变容忍度临界值判定条件,首先根据实际工况与判定条件进行比对,判定是否对线扫数据进行初始畸变恢复;其次,对相邻扫描带畸变点云依次进行配准获取目标运动增量、解算目标瞬时运动参数;然后对目标运动参数进行自修正式处理,去除特征突变点干扰;同时依次恢复点云到初始几何位置,完成初始目标三维重建;最后,通过系统进一步迭代,位姿增量自收敛直至最终满足重建精度要求。仿真结果表明,该方法在缺失非合作目标先验信息的情况下,能够有效避免因线扫描导致的畸变问题,并较为快速地实现满足精度要求的目标三维重建,有较强的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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基于相关匹配的弹道中段目标章动角估计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
章动角是弹道中段目标的重要进动特征,可用于识别弹头和诱饵。首先提出了基于相关匹配的章动角估计方法,将观测的目标雷达截面积(RCS)序列与不同参数下的RCS序列模板进行相关匹配,搜索匹配函数的最大值,从而得到章动角的估计值。然后给出了具体的实现算法,将初始时刻的采样间隔设置为脉冲重复周期(PRI)的整数倍或1/K(K为整数,且K≥2),在此基础上减少了匹配函数的计算量,并且可通过单层或多层相关匹配来估计章动角。仿真结果表明,由于RCS测量存在系统误差,相关匹配的章动角估计性能远优于最小二乘匹配。同时分析了全姿态RCS数据的角度采样间隔对相关匹配估计性能的影响。最后比较了多层相关匹配和单层相关匹配的估计性能和计算量。 相似文献
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The angular motion of an axisymmetrical satellite equipped with the active magnetic attitude control system is examined. Attitude control system has to ensure necessary orientation of the axis of symmetry in the inertial space. It implements the following strategy: coarse reorientation of the axis of symmetry with nutation damping or “-Bdot” without initial detumbling; spinning-up about the axis of symmetry to achieve the property of a gyro; fine reorientation of the axis in the inertial space. Dynamics of the satellite is analytically studied using averaging technique on the complete control loop consisting of five algorithms. Solutions of the equations of motion are obtained in terms of quadratures for most cases or even in closed-form. The latter allowed to study the dependence of motion parameters including time-response with respect to the orbit inclination and other parameters for all algorithms. 相似文献
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为改善航天器在自由飞行状态下的自旋稳定姿态控制精度,在分别采用消章和消偏的基础上,提出了一种消章消偏综合控制方法,并选用带消偏约束的消章控制法,对桌细长型航天器的姿态控制进行了仿真试验。理论分析和实验结果表明,该控制法的姿态角控制精度较高,所用时间较短,可满足控制精度的要求。 相似文献
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We have reconstructed the uncontrolled rotational motion of the Progress M-29M transport cargo spacecraft in the single-axis solar orientation mode (the so-called sunward spin) and in the mode of the gravitational orientation of a rotating satellite. The modes were implemented on April 3–7, 2016 as a part of preparation for experiments with the DAKON convection sensor onboard the Progress spacecraft. The reconstruction was performed by integral statistical techniques using the measurements of the spacecraft’s angular velocity and electric current from its solar arrays. The measurement data obtained in a certain time interval have been jointly processed using the least-squares method by integrating the equations of the spacecraft’s motion relative to the center of mass. As a result of processing, the initial conditions of motion and parameters of the mathematical model have been estimated. The motion in the sunward spin mode is the rotation of the spacecraft with an angular velocity of 2.2 deg/s about the normal to the plane of solar arrays; the normal is oriented toward the Sun or forms a small angle with this direction. The duration of the mode is several orbit passes. The reconstruction has been performed over time intervals of up to 1 h. As a result, the actual rotational motion of the spacecraft relative to the Earth–Sun direction was obtained. In the gravitational orientation mode, the spacecraft was rotated about its longitudinal axis with an angular velocity of 0.1–0.2 deg/s; the longitudinal axis executed small oscillated relative to the local vertical. The reconstruction of motion relative to the orbital coordinate system was performed in time intervals of up to 7 h using only the angularvelocity measurements. The measurements of the electric current from solar arrays were used for verification. 相似文献
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Stabilization of a reentry vehicle (RV) by a partial spin-up of it is considered for the case of uncontrolled descent into the atmosphere. In this case, the vehicle is a composite construction consisting of two rigid bodies, a return capsule and a stabilizing block, which is put in rotation. A model is developed for the spatial motion of the reentry vehicle considered as a system of coaxial rigid bodies rotating about a common axis of symmetry. The free motion is studied, and the stability of steady-state regimes is analyzed. The spatial motion of the system is considered for the case of a small asymmetry due to displacement of the axes of dynamic symmetry of the bodies with respect to the spin axis, and approximate solutions for the motion parameters of the free system are found. 相似文献
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SpaceMocap是一套基于多RGB-D相机的计算机视觉航天员运动捕捉系统。地面准备阶段,扫描航天员模型,并分别标定彩色相机的内参数。在轨采集阶段,3~4台相机布置在舱内角落,同步采集航天员任务视频。地面处理阶段,通过相机外参数标定和ICP方法实现点云融合,采用深度神经网络对人体关节点位置进行检测并初始化位姿参数,再用改进的ICP方法进行位姿求精,实现序列图像中关节角度跟踪。本系统搭载TG-2升空,对SZ-11航天员的任务视频进行了采集和处理,首次获取了在轨航天员的姿态(包括中性体位)、占位空间、运动参数等重要数据。结果表明,运动捕捉的模型与点云具有良好的重合度,关节点位置与关节角度具有较高的跟踪精度。SpaceMocap是我国首个在轨运动捕捉系统,它小型、轻质,具有计算机视觉特有的非接触测量、直观、高精度优势,无需在人体上粘贴任何标志,具有良好的抗遮挡能力,完全适用于微重力、狭小空间环境下的在轨应用 。 相似文献