国外航空电子厂商积极开发无源雷达技术

众所周知，有源雷达系统发射无线电频率能量，并等待回波以跟踪某一目标。与之相反，无源雷达系统则通过其它发射机（通常为无线电或TV信号）不仅采用RF波广播信号，而且还利用来自诸如GPS或敌方雷达的蜂窝式电话、空基系统的发射信号。无源系统要求知晓发射机的位置，并在不被飞行在某一区域内的目标干扰时，还测量整个电磁环境。当某一目标飞行通过时，防空系统可以根据被飞机或巡航导弹反射同来的信号来推断出目标的位置。将从发射机直接传输到雷达的信号与一个由目标反射的信号进行比较，同时测量时间和频率的到达差值。     

UV 波段的宽带可重构收发机的实现

设计了一种宽带可重构收发机,主要由三部分组成：发射机、接收机和频率源。发射机完成从中频 70 MHz 到100~550 MHz 的射频发射,为了减小发射信号对相邻信道的干扰,发射信号的杂散抑制要高。接收 机从众多的电波中选出有用信号,并将该信号搬移到中频信号,然后放大到解调器所要求的电平值,将射频信 号变为中频信号,由于传输路径上的损耗和多径效应,接收机接收的信号是微弱且有变化的,并伴随着许多干 扰,这些干扰信号强度往往远大于有用信号,因此接收机的主要指标是灵敏度和选择性。频率源提供精确和低 噪声的本振信号,为射频变频系统核心部分之一,频率源的主要指标是相位噪声。     

旋转变频频率捷变雷达本振跟踪误差的分析

 本文从旋转变频磁控管式频率捷变雷达的本振频率跟踪原理出发,分析了产生本振频率跟踪误差的主要因素。文中着重讨论了本振频率冷跟踪误差问题。同时也提出了热跟踪后本振频率跟踪误差项。分析前者,可以决定热跟踪电路应予修正的频率范围,而后者则是跟踪本振最终的误差。以上分析对如何采取措施提高系统的跟踪精度是有参考作用的。     

多通道固态调频发射系统

ＳＨＤ－Ａ型多通道固态调频发射机系统主要应用于航空通信系统－点对多点的声音、振动、测控等基带信号的发射与传输。此发射机采用了锁相频率合成器、单机多通道（１－４频道）发射和固态功放电路等技术，与目前国内的晶振固定发射频率调频发射机相比具有发射频率可随意调整、频稳度高、省去了多级倍频器和高阶滤波器，使电路简单可靠、调试方便、性能价格比高。是国内首先将此技术应用于小型固态调频发射机机型，此系统已通过航空     

导弹磁控管可靠性的定量分析与备件配置

通过对导弹磁控管的可靠度函数、失效模型及备件配置模式的分析和计算,对磁控管提出了一些使用与维护的有用建议,用于指导部队实际工作.     

磁控管电机恒流驱动研究

捷变频磁控管采用音圈电机驱动方案,驱动磁控管高频直线振动,实现其大范围捷变带宽和快速捷变的功能.文章分析了磁控电机驱动特性和磁控管捷变带宽变化的原因,确定影响磁控管的捷变带宽稳定性的主要因素.介绍了磁控电机电路温度补偿和恒流驱动方案,并进行了试验验证,提高了磁控电机驱动稳定性,从而稳定了磁控管捷变带宽.     

基于加工误差仿真的半球谐振子优化设计

针对半球谐振陀螺谐振子制造过程中存在的加工误差,采用有限元仿真,分析了半球谐振子结构参数、尺寸公差和形位公差变化对其工作模态频率和临近模态频率的影响,研究了半球谐振子形位公差变化对频率裂解和品质因数的影响。通过仿真分析可知,半球谐振子结构参数壁厚、半球中心半径及内倒角半径都会影响模态频率;半球谐振子形位公差中的内外球心距离误差对其工作模态影响较大,中心轴平行误差对频率裂解和品质因数影响较大;半球谐振子壁厚、内倒角半径、小柱半径及内外球心距离误差变化会使工作模态频率与相邻模态间存在干扰。在此基础上,提出了半球谐振子结构参数及形位公差优化设计建议,并通过半球谐振子品质因数Q值和频率裂解测量对该建议进行了验证。     

一种主字母体制安控指令检测采样优化方法

针对工程实现中主字母体制安控系统的指令实时检测性能受采样方案影响较大的问题,通过对单音信号频率、检测采样频率和采样点数的合理选择,提出了一种指令检测的采样优化实现方案。仿真实验结果表明,通过对采样方案的优化,在固定多普勒频偏和可变多普勒频偏情况下,可以最低采样点数实现指令可靠检测,便于利用FPGA实现实时处理。     

用8031单片机实现频率与温度测量

本文介绍了利用８０３１单片机在比较宽的范围内实现温度与频率的测量，文章主要对测试原理及软硬件设计进行了分析。     

陀螺电机振动频率谱特征分析与应用

由于陀螺电机在运转时的振动情况无法被常规测试项目检测,导致其作为一种常发故障成为陀螺电机在使用中的难题。以轴承缺陷及谐振造成的陀螺电机振动为研究对象,通过激光测振输出信号,运用小波包变换进行信号分析,得到振动频率谱。存在缺陷并不代表陀螺电机不可使用,为提升振动频率谱的实际使用性,在传统陀螺电机故障频率之外增加与陀螺系统自身频率点的对比并进行评估,实验测试结果与实际使用情况的比对可确认该方法具有可行性,可定位陀螺电机振动故障原因,并在陀螺系统协振频率基础上提高生产质量。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.